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The Spread Of Islam
The Spread Of Islam

... • Low and outcast Hindus were welcomed. •Buddhists were the most numerous converts. Buddhist spiritual decline had debased its practices and turned interest to the vigorous new religion of Islam. •Others converted to escape taxes or through intermarriage. •Muslim migrants fleeing thirteenth and four ...
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... The dominance of Muslim Hip Hop (MHH) in the West demonstrates that ‘Islam’ and ‘hip hop’ are not bipolar opposites, but rather a long tradition of rappers drawing on reciprocal relationship between Islam and hip hop. In fact the birth of hip-hop in the States was influenced by Islamicate theologies ...
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Name - Long Branch Public Schools
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... -Seljuks feud over claims to who is sultan (caliph), thus for years ignoring irrigation, city maintenance, etc. -Major pop. decline, cities shrink, drying up of Mesopotamia region The Crusades - 1099 CE – 1187 CE -Muslims lose Jerusalem to Christian knights, then regain it back under Saladin, who al ...
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Islam and secularism



The definition and application of secularism, especially the place of religion in society, varies among Muslim countries as it does among European countries and the United States. Secularism is often used to describe the separation of public life and civil/government matters from religious teachings and commandments, or simply the separation of religion and politics. Secularism in Muslim countries is often contrasted with Islamism, and secularists tend to seek to promote secular political and social values as opposed to Islamic ones. Among western scholars and Muslim intellectuals, there are some debates over secularism which include the understanding of political and religious authorities in the Islamic world and the means and degree of application of sharia in legal system of the state.As the concept of secularism varies among secularists in the Muslim world, reactions of Muslim intellectuals to the pressure of secularization also varies. On the one hand, secularism is condemned by some Muslim intellectuals who do not feel that religious influence should be removed from the public sphere. On the other hand, secularism is claimed by others to be compatible with Islam. For example, the quest for secularism has inspired some Muslim scholars who argue that secular government is the best way to observe sharia; ""enforcing [sharia] through coercive power of the state negates its religious nature, because Muslims would be observing the law of the state and not freely performing their religious obligation as Muslims"" says Abdullahi Ahmed An-Na'im, a professor of law at Emory University and author of Islam and the secular state : negotiating the future of Shariʻa. Moreover, some scholars argue that secular states have existed in the Muslim world since the Middle Ages.Nevertheless, many Muslim-majority countries define themselves as or are regarded as secular, and many of them have a dual system in which Muslims can bring familial and financial disputes to sharia courts. The exact jurisdiction of these courts varies from country to country, but usually includes marriage, divorce, inheritance, and guardianship.
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