Big Idea 4 Greco 2015
... - know EACH of the following 1. For an enzyme-mediated chemical reaction to occur, the substrate must be complementary to the surface properties (shape and charge) of the active site. In other words, the substrate must fit into the enzymes’ active site 2. Cofactors and coenzymes affect enzyme functi ...
... - know EACH of the following 1. For an enzyme-mediated chemical reaction to occur, the substrate must be complementary to the surface properties (shape and charge) of the active site. In other words, the substrate must fit into the enzymes’ active site 2. Cofactors and coenzymes affect enzyme functi ...
Standard Gibbs Free Energy Changes of Enzyme Reactions in
... Gibbs free energies of functional groups in aqueous solution were also taken from [3]. According to Mavrovouniotis's method[4], we then calculated the standard Gibbs free energy changes of 215 enzyme reactions taken from the ENZYME section of the LIGAND database, using the Gibbs free energies of the ...
... Gibbs free energies of functional groups in aqueous solution were also taken from [3]. According to Mavrovouniotis's method[4], we then calculated the standard Gibbs free energy changes of 215 enzyme reactions taken from the ENZYME section of the LIGAND database, using the Gibbs free energies of the ...
Lecture 5: Powerpoint
... Hydrophobic interactions among hydrophobic R groups. Disulphide bridges that form strong, stable bonds between parts of the molecule ...
... Hydrophobic interactions among hydrophobic R groups. Disulphide bridges that form strong, stable bonds between parts of the molecule ...
File - John Robert Warner
... and an enzyme come together so that the catalyzed reaction can occur, and be able to list the properties of enzymes that make their specificity possible. 3. What effects do temperature, pH, enzyme concentration, and substrate concentration have on enzyme activity? Be able to describe the changes in ...
... and an enzyme come together so that the catalyzed reaction can occur, and be able to list the properties of enzymes that make their specificity possible. 3. What effects do temperature, pH, enzyme concentration, and substrate concentration have on enzyme activity? Be able to describe the changes in ...
omproteinsandnucleicacids
... specific substrates will fit into its active site. Active site – the part of an enzyme where manipulation of the substrate occurs 1. Once an enzyme acts on a substrate the enzyme is free to act on another substrate until it is metabolized (chemically destroyed). 2. If during protein synthesis amino ...
... specific substrates will fit into its active site. Active site – the part of an enzyme where manipulation of the substrate occurs 1. Once an enzyme acts on a substrate the enzyme is free to act on another substrate until it is metabolized (chemically destroyed). 2. If during protein synthesis amino ...
Poster
... issue. According to Purdom (2007), over 70% of infections acquired by hospital patients post admission, are resistant to at least one prescribed antibiotic. Penicillin, a β-lactam antibiotic, treats bacterial infections caused by bacteria producing toxins within a host. Many pathogenic bacteria need ...
... issue. According to Purdom (2007), over 70% of infections acquired by hospital patients post admission, are resistant to at least one prescribed antibiotic. Penicillin, a β-lactam antibiotic, treats bacterial infections caused by bacteria producing toxins within a host. Many pathogenic bacteria need ...
2b.-Citric-Acid-Cycle
... Investigating the activity of dehydrogenase enzyme in yeast • Yeast is a fungus and a living organism. All living organisms can respire. Like us, it also contains the enzyme dehydrogenase which controls the release of hydrogen during ...
... Investigating the activity of dehydrogenase enzyme in yeast • Yeast is a fungus and a living organism. All living organisms can respire. Like us, it also contains the enzyme dehydrogenase which controls the release of hydrogen during ...
CLINICAL CASE (UREA CYCLE)
... A male child was born into a family with no history of neonatal deaths. He weighed 2.9 kg at birth and appeared to be healthy until 3 days of age when he developed seizures. The mother had a history of aversion to meat, the eating of which was accompanied by episodes of vomiting and lethargy. The pa ...
... A male child was born into a family with no history of neonatal deaths. He weighed 2.9 kg at birth and appeared to be healthy until 3 days of age when he developed seizures. The mother had a history of aversion to meat, the eating of which was accompanied by episodes of vomiting and lethargy. The pa ...
Chapter 8
... formaldehyde and formic acid which attack the optic nerve causing blindness. Ethanol is given as an antidote for methanol poisoning because ethanol competitively inhibits the oxidation of methanol. Ethanol is oxidized in preference to methanol and consequently, the oxidation of methanol is slowed do ...
... formaldehyde and formic acid which attack the optic nerve causing blindness. Ethanol is given as an antidote for methanol poisoning because ethanol competitively inhibits the oxidation of methanol. Ethanol is oxidized in preference to methanol and consequently, the oxidation of methanol is slowed do ...
VIII. PROTEINS, continued
... bridges – important in reinforcing shape of protein; covalent bonds that form between sulfhydryl R groups of amino acids, cysteine ...
... bridges – important in reinforcing shape of protein; covalent bonds that form between sulfhydryl R groups of amino acids, cysteine ...
Notes_DNA Replication_teacher
... DNA molecule is antiparallel: Complementary strands run in opposite directions. Scientists label the ends 3’ and 5’. Leading and Lagging Strands: DNA polymerase can only attach new nucleotides to the 3’ end of the new DNA strand. This means that it must constantly back track to copy parts of the str ...
... DNA molecule is antiparallel: Complementary strands run in opposite directions. Scientists label the ends 3’ and 5’. Leading and Lagging Strands: DNA polymerase can only attach new nucleotides to the 3’ end of the new DNA strand. This means that it must constantly back track to copy parts of the str ...
Digestive System Learning Targets 6-10
... Mitochondria use glucose to produce a constant supply of ATP for the cell Essential fatty acids like Ω6 (linoleic acid) form plasma membranes Essential amino acids are used to construct proteins such as enzymes to carry out metabolism, & body structures – hair, nails, DNA ...
... Mitochondria use glucose to produce a constant supply of ATP for the cell Essential fatty acids like Ω6 (linoleic acid) form plasma membranes Essential amino acids are used to construct proteins such as enzymes to carry out metabolism, & body structures – hair, nails, DNA ...
PCR – polymerace chain reaction
... for PCR Non-symmetric PCR: one stranded DNA (for example for sequencing) Inverse PCR: copy some unknown piece of DNA-strand between 2 known ones To find genetic diseases: primers for healthy and sick allele ...
... for PCR Non-symmetric PCR: one stranded DNA (for example for sequencing) Inverse PCR: copy some unknown piece of DNA-strand between 2 known ones To find genetic diseases: primers for healthy and sick allele ...
Enzymes - Exercise 3 - Science Learning Center
... control; do not add enzyme to this tube. • 13. Using a fresh tip, add 100uL of enzyme to each of the remaining tubes, letting the tip touch the side of the rest tube as your dispense. • 14. Collect DNS reagent from your instructor if you have not done so. Set to appropriate 1,000uL (1mL), and add a ...
... control; do not add enzyme to this tube. • 13. Using a fresh tip, add 100uL of enzyme to each of the remaining tubes, letting the tip touch the side of the rest tube as your dispense. • 14. Collect DNS reagent from your instructor if you have not done so. Set to appropriate 1,000uL (1mL), and add a ...
Macromolecules Unit Study Guide
... 12. What are the elements that carbohydrates are made of? Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen 13. What are the monomers of carbohydrates? monosaccharides 14. What are the polymers of carbohydrates? polysaccharides 15. Give some examples of monosaccharides: glucose, galactose 16. Give some examples of polysa ...
... 12. What are the elements that carbohydrates are made of? Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen 13. What are the monomers of carbohydrates? monosaccharides 14. What are the polymers of carbohydrates? polysaccharides 15. Give some examples of monosaccharides: glucose, galactose 16. Give some examples of polysa ...
Document
... and an enzyme come together so that the catalyzed reaction can occur, and be able to list the properties of enzymes that make their specificity possible. 3. What effects do temperature, pH, enzyme concentration, and substrate concentration have on enzyme activity? Be able to describe the changes in ...
... and an enzyme come together so that the catalyzed reaction can occur, and be able to list the properties of enzymes that make their specificity possible. 3. What effects do temperature, pH, enzyme concentration, and substrate concentration have on enzyme activity? Be able to describe the changes in ...
The citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle, tricarboxylic acid cycle)
... The citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle, tricarboxylic acid cycle) The citric acid cycle is a series of reactions in mitochondria that oxidize acetyl residues (as acetyl-CoA) and reduce coenzymes that upon reoxidation are linked to the formation of ATP. The citric acid cycle is the final common pathway f ...
... The citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle, tricarboxylic acid cycle) The citric acid cycle is a series of reactions in mitochondria that oxidize acetyl residues (as acetyl-CoA) and reduce coenzymes that upon reoxidation are linked to the formation of ATP. The citric acid cycle is the final common pathway f ...
9AD Biomolecules
... 3. Proteins are composed of amino acids and have thousands of diverse structures depending on the function the protein conducts for the cell. These include defense, signaling and transport, enzymatic activity (catalysts), regulation (hormones,) and structure. 4. The nucleic acids of DNA are the temp ...
... 3. Proteins are composed of amino acids and have thousands of diverse structures depending on the function the protein conducts for the cell. These include defense, signaling and transport, enzymatic activity (catalysts), regulation (hormones,) and structure. 4. The nucleic acids of DNA are the temp ...
Enzyme
Enzymes /ˈɛnzaɪmz/ are macromolecular biological catalysts. Enzymes accelerate, or catalyze, chemical reactions. The molecules at the beginning of the process are called substrates and the enzyme converts these into different molecules, called products. Almost all metabolic processes in the cell need enzymes in order to occur at rates fast enough to sustain life. The set of enzymes made in a cell determines which metabolic pathways occur in that cell. The study of enzymes is called enzymology.Enzymes are known to catalyze more than 5,000 biochemical reaction types. Most enzymes are proteins, although a few are catalytic RNA molecules. Enzymes' specificity comes from their unique three-dimensional structures.Like all catalysts, enzymes increase the rate of a reaction by lowering its activation energy. Some enzymes can make their conversion of substrate to product occur many millions of times faster. An extreme example is orotidine 5'-phosphate decarboxylase, which allows a reaction that would otherwise take millions of years to occur in milliseconds. Chemically, enzymes are like any catalyst and are not consumed in chemical reactions, nor do they alter the equilibrium of a reaction. Enzymes differ from most other catalysts by being much more specific. Enzyme activity can be affected by other molecules: inhibitors are molecules that decrease enzyme activity, and activators are molecules that increase activity. Many drugs and poisons are enzyme inhibitors. An enzyme's activity decreases markedly outside its optimal temperature and pH.Some enzymes are used commercially, for example, in the synthesis of antibiotics. Some household products use enzymes to speed up chemical reactions: enzymes in biological washing powders break down protein, starch or fat stains on clothes, and enzymes in meat tenderizer break down proteins into smaller molecules, making the meat easier to chew.