• Study Resource
  • Explore
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
aq - Haverford Alchemy
aq - Haverford Alchemy

... What is aqueous? What is an aqueous reaction? What are some types of aqueous reactions? Why might these be important? Give examples. • Aqueous reactions cannot take place without water. What do you already know about water that will help us understand aqueous reactions? Aqueous Reactions ...
Bio-Organic Mechanism Game – Simplistic biochemical structures
Bio-Organic Mechanism Game – Simplistic biochemical structures

... mechanisms! They are designed to show the essential how changes might occur in complex biochemical reactions. Also, at physiological pH (7) a few organic groups are ionized (RCO2H is anionic as RCO2--, and RNH2 is cationic as RNH3+). They are drawn in their neutral forms in this game. The initial e ...
Chapter 15
Chapter 15

... - They are made of proteins. - Lower the activation energy for the reaction. ...
Stoichiometry - VernonScienceLSA
Stoichiometry - VernonScienceLSA

... Stoichiometry calculations allow us to find out how much of chemical #1 is involved in a chemical reaction based on the amount of chemical #2 involved. A typical problem might be “How many grams of chemical #1 must be reacted to produce 25.0 g of chemical #2?” or “What volume of chemical #1 at STP w ...
Experiment 1
Experiment 1

... Every chemical change is accompanied by a change in energy, usually in the form of heat. The energy change of a reaction that occurs at constant pressure is termed the heat of reaction or the enthalpy change. The symbol ΔH is used to denote the enthalpy change. If heat is evolved, the reaction is ex ...
Homology modeling workshop
Homology modeling workshop

... • Distance and dihedral angle restraints on the target are calculated from its alignment with template. • Restraints were obtained also from a statistical analysis of the relationships from a large database of pairs of homologous structures. • Various correlations were obtained, e.g. correlations be ...
TNT® T7 Quick for PCR DNA Technical Manual
TNT® T7 Quick for PCR DNA Technical Manual

... quality of the results is dependent on the ability to obtain discrete, specific PCR products. The selection of primers is an important first step in this process. Many researchers now use computer programs to assist in choosing primers for amplification. Programs successfully used at Promega include ...
Chapter 4 Solution Chemistry
Chapter 4 Solution Chemistry

... Examples: Stoichiometry of Precipitation Rxns 7. The insolubility of some ionic compounds can be used to determine the concentration of ions in solution. For example, Ag+ can be added to a solution of Cl- to precipitate all of the Cl- in the form of insoluble AgCl. The concentration of the Cl- is de ...
Free tyrosine and tyrosine-rich peptide
Free tyrosine and tyrosine-rich peptide

... Previously, generation of superoxide anion (O2•-) catalyzed by Cu-binding peptides derived from human prion protein (model sequence for helical Cu-binding motif VNITKQHTVTTTT was most active) in the presence of catecholamines and related aromatic monoamines such as phenylethylamine and tyramine, has ...
Unit3_Notes - Lesmahagow High School
Unit3_Notes - Lesmahagow High School

... These are costs that are the same whether 1 ton or 1000 tons of product are made. The effect of the fixed cost decreases as the amount of product increases. They include: ...
Lecture 10 - University of Sussex
Lecture 10 - University of Sussex

... increase -- ie the diversity of molecules (number of nodes in the network) increases --- the number of possible reactions (the number of edges in the network) increases even faster. For short polymers (the argument is based on polymers, linear sequences of atoms or 'atomic parts') there are not so m ...
Role of Chemical Reaction Engineering in Sustainable
Role of Chemical Reaction Engineering in Sustainable

... reactants are toxic. For example, many liquid acids such as H2SO4 and HF used as catalysts in petroleum refining industry impose a significant environmental hazard as they are highly corrosive and toxic. Therefore, based on environmental concerns these catalysts are now being replaced by solid-acid ...
Lecture-Oxidative Phsphorylation
Lecture-Oxidative Phsphorylation

... Oxidative Phosphorylation What is mitochondria? 2 membranes: Inner - only permeable to O2, H2O transporters req’d for ATP, Pi, pyruvate, etc. folding increases surface area (site of ox. phos. machinery) Matrix contains: citric acid cycle enzymes Fatty acid oxidation enzymes (discuss later) ...
Elucidating Substrate and Inhibitor Binding Sites on the Surface of
Elucidating Substrate and Inhibitor Binding Sites on the Surface of

... metabolic homeostasis, transcriptional activation and development.1–4 Aberrant regulation of protein phosphorylation underlies many human ...
exam2_2011_key
exam2_2011_key

... Entropy: The pre-ordered residues in the active site of the enzyme reduces the entropy loss that would otherwise occur to organize these groups around the substrate. In other words, the requirement to organize these groups in the uncatalyzed reaction raises the energy of the transition state (+ 6 pt ...


... Entropy: The pre-ordered residues in the active site of the enzyme reduces the entropy loss that would otherwise occur to organize these groups around the substrate. In other words, the requirement to organize these groups in the uncatalyzed reaction raises the energy of the transition state (+ 6 pt ...
Molecular dynamics of serpins
Molecular dynamics of serpins

... • It is a family of proteins characterised by a common molecular architecture • Most of the serpins are serine protease inhibitors, but some of them have other functions • Today, more than 500 serpins have been identified in animals, plants, bacteria and viruses ...
The Logical Structure of Organic Chemistry and the Empirical
The Logical Structure of Organic Chemistry and the Empirical

... theories and concepts lies in their serving as a measure for interpreting those phenomena. How they appear to us, or whether or not they exist at all in the chemical sense, depends on what purposes or interests we have, and accordingly, what kinds of theories or concepts we conceive to solve the pro ...
Dynamic Modeling of Lactic Acid Fermentation Metabolism with
Dynamic Modeling of Lactic Acid Fermentation Metabolism with

... fluxes (SYN1, SYN2, SYN3, SYN4, SYN5, PD, MA). Previous research considered only the main streams of metabolic fluxes and did not consider biomass synthesis pathways or lump all synthesis pathways into a single flux [11, 14]. However, this model considers the detailed fluxes of biosynthesis (SYN1~5) ...
Oxidative Phosphorylation - Creighton Chemistry Webserver
Oxidative Phosphorylation - Creighton Chemistry Webserver

... Oxidative Phosphorylation What is mitochondria? 2 membranes: Inner - only permeable to O2, H2O transporters req’d for ATP, Pi, pyruvate, etc. folding increases surface area (site of ox. phos. machinery) Matrix contains: citric acid cycle enzymes Fatty acid oxidation enzymes (discuss later) ...
3/23/2014 1 8 Chemical Equations Chapter Outline Chemical
3/23/2014 1 8 Chemical Equations Chapter Outline Chemical

... a. Summarize a chemical reaction by displaying the substances reacting and forming. b. Indicate specific amounts of materials consumed or produced during the reaction. Reactants: substances consumed during the reaction. Products: substances formed during the reaction. ...
Chem 306 Ch 19 Enzymes Spring 2007
Chem 306 Ch 19 Enzymes Spring 2007

... • Vitamins are organic molecules that function in a wide variety of capacities within the body. • The most prominent function is as cofactors for enzymatic reactions. • The distinguishing feature of the vitamins is that they generally cannot be synthesized by mammalian cells and, therefore, must be ...
chapter15-burno.1348..
chapter15-burno.1348..

Monte Carlo simulations of peptide–membrane interactions with the
Monte Carlo simulations of peptide–membrane interactions with the

... MCPep allows rapid simulations of helical peptides in association with biological membranes. To minimize the computational burden, the server relies on reduced representation of the peptide. For similar reasons, it uses an implicit model of the membrane, which is described as a hydrophobic profile of ...
Chapter 8
Chapter 8

... Note: If polyatomic ions do not change, they can be balanced as a “unit”. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. ...
< 1 ... 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 ... 188 >

Multi-state modeling of biomolecules

Multi-state modeling of biomolecules refers to a series of techniques used to represent and compute the behaviour of biological molecules or complexes that can adopt a large number of possible functional states.Biological signaling systems often rely on complexes of biological macromolecules that can undergo several functionally significant modifications that are mutually compatible. Thus, they can exist in a very large number of functionally different states. Modeling such multi-state systems poses two problems: The problem of how to describe and specify a multi-state system (the ""specification problem"") and the problem of how to use a computer to simulate the progress of the system over time (the ""computation problem""). To address the specification problem, modelers have in recent years moved away from explicit specification of all possible states, and towards rule-based formalisms that allow for implicit model specification, including the κ-calculus, BioNetGen, the Allosteric Network Compiler and others. To tackle the computation problem, they have turned to particle-based methods that have in many cases proved more computationally efficient than population-based methods based on ordinary differential equations, partial differential equations, or the Gillespie stochastic simulation algorithm. Given current computing technology, particle-based methods are sometimes the only possible option. Particle-based simulators further fall into two categories: Non-spatial simulators such as StochSim, DYNSTOC, RuleMonkey, and NFSim and spatial simulators, including Meredys, SRSim and MCell. Modelers can thus choose from a variety of tools; the best choice depending on the particular problem. Development of faster and more powerful methods is ongoing, promising the ability to simulate ever more complex signaling processes in the future.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report