• Study Resource
  • Explore
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
recomb_talk_7 - Washington University in St. Louis
recomb_talk_7 - Washington University in St. Louis

... Washington University in St. Louis 29 October 2008 ...
Enzymes I – What Is an Enzyme?
Enzymes I – What Is an Enzyme?

... example, one important chemical reaction that takes place in your cells involves the removal of phosphate groups from a type of molecule called a phosphate monoester. It is estimated that without any aid, this reaction would occur about once every one trillion years. In large part this is due to a r ...
semester two final review key units 5 and 6 only
semester two final review key units 5 and 6 only

... usually with a hydrogen : oxygen atom ratio of 2:1 (as in water) Protein: are large biological molecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Lipids: one of the four macromolecules that is made up of fatty acids Nucleic acid: large biomolecules, essential ...
No Slide Title - Suffolk County Community College
No Slide Title - Suffolk County Community College

... - can increase reaction rates up to 10 billion X faster than random collisions allow Turnover number = maximum number of substrate molecules an enzyme converts to product each second, different for different enzymes Each enzyme has a unique 3D shape: it will bind only its specific substrate(s) at t ...
CHEMISTry is life - World of Teaching
CHEMISTry is life - World of Teaching

... -Too often kids get to high school chemistry and they are scared before they even begin. -My goal is to shape a positive image in their minds about chemistry so that they can be more prepared mentally for high school. -I will do this by showing them how applicable chemistry is to every day life. It ...
Exam I Sample Questions
Exam I Sample Questions

... Atoms differing in valence will also differ in the number of covalent bonds they form Electrons in polar covalent bonds are statistically more likely to be found with the atom with higher electronegativity Ionic bonds result from electrostatic attraction between atoms sharing electrons Van der Waals ...
Computational Methods for Large Systems. Electronic Structure Approaches
Computational Methods for Large Systems. Electronic Structure Approaches

... There are a variety of computational methods to choose from to solve almost any electronic structure problem in nanotechnology and biotechnology, including problems involving complex systems with hundreds of thousands of atoms. This book presents the best and most useful of these computational metho ...
Organic Molecules
Organic Molecules

... Organic Molecules ...
Introduction to Computational Chemistry
Introduction to Computational Chemistry

... • Semiempirical methods rely on parametrization of some of the integrals that occur in the solution of the Schrödinger equation using experimental data. • Density functional methods are based on the specification of a certain functional form for the electron density in the molecule. B. Utility and A ...
Ligand Binding - Stroud
Ligand Binding - Stroud

... • Thermodynamics of Protein Assembly • Structural Change on complexation • Empirical fitting of Atomic Interactions with Free Energy of Association • Estimate of free energy of H bonds and charge interactions in protein complexes and role of hydrophobic effect _______________________________________ ...
Imitation of Life - American Scientist
Imitation of Life - American Scientist

... have a unique solution, it may well have a best solution. The process for finding that solution is much like the algorithm used to optimize the operations of a chemical plant or an oil refinery. Suppose a refinery has a range of products (gasoline, diesel fuel and so on), which differ in manufacturi ...
CELL RESPIRATION
CELL RESPIRATION

... electron-transport chain. Describe what is meant by a chemiosmotic gradient and explain why this gradient is important. State the approximate number of ATP molecules formed per molecule of glucose resulting from electron transport and chemiosmosis. 9. Sketch a mitochondrion, labeling the outer membr ...
it here
it here

... •• E.g. a chain of identical glucose molecules (monomers) is a polymer called starch. •• Monosaccharides, nucleotides and amino acids are examples of monomers. Condensation Reaction •• A reaction in which two molecules join together and •• Release a water molecule •• E.g. when two glucose molecules ...
Method S1.
Method S1.

... Glutathione disulfide reductase activity assay, based on GSH reduction of 5,5’-dithiobis-(2nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB), was carried out according to Smith et al. (1988) with minor modifications. Assay mixture (1 ml) containing 0.14 mM NADPH, 0.43 mM GSSG, 0.45 mM DTNB, and cell-free sample (20-30 µl; ...
Title: Molecular recognition of amino acids by using pseudopeptidic
Title: Molecular recognition of amino acids by using pseudopeptidic

... In the first part, the synthesis of two [2+2] pseudopeptidic macrocycles through reductive amination reaction is described. They differ in the linking positions of the central benzene ring (meta or para). In both cases, the use of anionic templates is necessary to favor the formation of the desired ...
Metabolism: the chemical reactions of a cell
Metabolism: the chemical reactions of a cell

... large/complex molecules from smaller, simpler ones. Use raw materials and energy. – Catabolism: degradation; reactions that break down large/complex molecules, used to generate energy for use and to produce smaller, building block molecules. ...
BIOCHEMISTRY NOTES
BIOCHEMISTRY NOTES

... 1. These are molecules that sometimes have to be present in order for an enzyme to perform its function 2. Some enzymes only become active when all the appropriate cofactors or coenzymes are present and bind to the appropriate sites on the enzyme F. ALLOSTERIC INTERACTIONS 1. An allosteric interacti ...
Name_________________________________________
Name_________________________________________

... Of the possible orientations for Minoxidil in the binding site, only one orientation is consistent with the results above. Please check your model carefully, revise it if needed and answer the following questions. Explain in terms of your model and the likely interactions why... i) variant 2 will bi ...
LIPIDS IN MEMBRANES –
LIPIDS IN MEMBRANES –

... cellular function, i.e. the membrane proteins which float laterally within the membrane. However, a large variety of lipids of different structure were found to reside in plasma membranes, much more than one would expect for just performing the functions of frame giving / compartmentation. Biophysic ...
Imaging Molecules using Ultra
Imaging Molecules using Ultra

... The need to detect molecules in ambient environments presents interesting challenges to the analytical chemistry community particularly when the concentrations are low, the molecules are complex, and real time analysis is required. In this presentation, I will describe two new methods for chemical i ...
Sample Paper - Army Public School Jammu Cantt
Sample Paper - Army Public School Jammu Cantt

... Use of calculators is not allowed, use log tables wherever required. 1. Name the non stoichiometric point defect responsible for colour in alkali metal halides. 2. What is shape selective catalysis? 3. Amongst the isomeric alkanes of molecular formula C5H12, identify the one that on photochemical ch ...
Exam 2 Fall 2005 Chemsitry 1211
Exam 2 Fall 2005 Chemsitry 1211

... EXAM #2 Version 1 This exam is twenty five questions long. Each question is worth 4 points. Please read through all of the questions first and ask about anything you do not understand. You will have one hour and 15 minutes to complete this exam. Exams will be picked up at the end of the class period ...
Foundations in Microbiology Sixth Edition
Foundations in Microbiology Sixth Edition

... • Serology – attempts to detect signs of infection in a patient by identifying specific antibodies in vitro • Visible reactions include precipitates, color changes, or the release of radioactivity. • Tests can be used to identify and to determine the amount of antibody in ...
Chem 464 Biochemistry
Chem 464 Biochemistry

... occurs because the bases stacked in the core of the helix have electronic interactions with the bases above and below them that change their light absorbing properties. This hyperchromism disappears when DNA is denatured. This make observing DNA absorbance at 260 nm a good way to follow DNA melting ...
enzymes 194 kb enzymes
enzymes 194 kb enzymes

... (coenzymes) can assist reactions. Biotin is found in enzymes that transfer a COOgroup from one molecule to another. Biotin forms a transient covalent bond with the –COO- group, being better suited to this function than any of the amino acids used to make proteins. Hence other small cofactors are use ...
< 1 ... 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 ... 188 >

Multi-state modeling of biomolecules

Multi-state modeling of biomolecules refers to a series of techniques used to represent and compute the behaviour of biological molecules or complexes that can adopt a large number of possible functional states.Biological signaling systems often rely on complexes of biological macromolecules that can undergo several functionally significant modifications that are mutually compatible. Thus, they can exist in a very large number of functionally different states. Modeling such multi-state systems poses two problems: The problem of how to describe and specify a multi-state system (the ""specification problem"") and the problem of how to use a computer to simulate the progress of the system over time (the ""computation problem""). To address the specification problem, modelers have in recent years moved away from explicit specification of all possible states, and towards rule-based formalisms that allow for implicit model specification, including the κ-calculus, BioNetGen, the Allosteric Network Compiler and others. To tackle the computation problem, they have turned to particle-based methods that have in many cases proved more computationally efficient than population-based methods based on ordinary differential equations, partial differential equations, or the Gillespie stochastic simulation algorithm. Given current computing technology, particle-based methods are sometimes the only possible option. Particle-based simulators further fall into two categories: Non-spatial simulators such as StochSim, DYNSTOC, RuleMonkey, and NFSim and spatial simulators, including Meredys, SRSim and MCell. Modelers can thus choose from a variety of tools; the best choice depending on the particular problem. Development of faster and more powerful methods is ongoing, promising the ability to simulate ever more complex signaling processes in the future.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report