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T. Takahashi, B. C. Vo Ngo, L. Xiao, G. Arya, and M. J. Heller
T. Takahashi, B. C. Vo Ngo, L. Xiao, G. Arya, and M. J. Heller

... While considerable attempts have been made to recreate the high turnover rates of enzymes using synthetic enzyme mimics, most have failed and only a few have produced minimal reaction rates that can barely be considered catalytic. One particular approach we have focused on is the use of short-sequen ...


... The procedure involved heating the reaction mixture in a water bath for 15 minutes at 75C, not to exceed 80°C. The mixture was removed from the water bath, and distilled water was added to decompose any unreacted acetic anhydride. The mixture was then placed in an ice bath for 5 minutes to facilita ...
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word - My eCoach

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M.Sc. Chemistry - Periyar University
M.Sc. Chemistry - Periyar University

... Homotopic, enantiotopic, diastereotopic H atoms, groups in organic molecules. Fischer, Newman and Sawhorse projections and their interconvertion. Optical activity in the absence of chiral carbon – biphenyls, allenes and spiranes – R and S notations. Chirality due to helical shape, trans cyclooctene. ...
Endotoxins in the rumen
Endotoxins in the rumen

... Endotoxins have been known since the early 1960s because of their pyrogenic (fever inducing) effect. In general, endotoxins are parts of the cell wall of all Gram negative bacteria (Fig. 1). They are of great interest because of their effect on the immune system. Endotoxins are also called lipopolys ...
Topic 1: Quantitative chemistry (12
Topic 1: Quantitative chemistry (12

... addition and subtraction, absolute uncertainties can be added. For multiplication, division and powers, percentage uncertainties can be added. If one uncertainty is much larger than others, the approximate uncertainty in the calculated result can be taken as due to that quantity alone. ...
Topic 1: Quantitative chemistry (12
Topic 1: Quantitative chemistry (12

... addition and subtraction, absolute uncertainties can be added. For multiplication, division and powers, percentage uncertainties can be added. If one uncertainty is much larger than others, the approximate uncertainty in the calculated result can be taken as due to that quantity alone. ...
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Molecular Diagnostics for the Detection and Characterization of

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A 1-Megadalton Translocation Complex Containing
A 1-Megadalton Translocation Complex Containing

... increased (Figure 3, top). SDS-PAGE analysis also showed that pSSU gradually decreased, while fully imported mature SSU gradually increased (Figure 3, bottom). This means that pSSU arrested in the 1-MD complex was translocated, processed into its mature form, and further assembled into the 520-kD Ru ...
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Charge transfer reactions between gas

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Sample pages 2 PDF
Sample pages 2 PDF

... quantitative analysis of the ways that specific external perturbations can affect biological networks such as transcriptional, signaling, and metabolic networks (Fig. 2.1). Although these two approaches can be viewed as separate strategies, a combination of the bottom-up and top-down schemes is requ ...
Examination #2 1) Which of the following is not one of the four major
Examination #2 1) Which of the following is not one of the four major

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A New Subunit of Cytochrome b6f Complex Undergoes Reversible

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Transition Metals
Transition Metals

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Crystal structure of ATP sulfurylase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Crystal structure of ATP sulfurylase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae

... et al., 1997), demonstrate that alanine mutants of the above speci®ed residues produce either reduced activity or inactive enzymes. This strongly indicates that nucleotide binding as well as sulfurylase activity involves residues of these motifs. Additionally, a fourth highly conserved motif can be ...
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Theoretical problems

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Details of the scope analysis for each organism
Details of the scope analysis for each organism

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Functional analysis of the human CDC5L complex
Functional analysis of the human CDC5L complex

Document
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... group is MORE positive than it was in the C-O-H group By increasing the number of highly electronegative O, more electrons were drawn away from that C, making it more positive. ...
Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

... electron transfer during oxidation and decarboxylation of αketo acids. It is found in pyruvate dehydrogenase and αketoglutarate dehydrogenase. Lipoic acid is covalently bound to relevant enzymes through amide bond formation with the εNH2 group of a lysine side chain. ...
Document
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... group is MORE positive than it was in the C-O-H group By increasing the number of highly electronegative O, more electrons were drawn away from that C, making it more positive. ...
Osmium(VIII) Catalyzed Oxidation of 6-Aminopenicillanic Acid
Osmium(VIII) Catalyzed Oxidation of 6-Aminopenicillanic Acid

... which a known quantity of acrylonitrile (scavenger) had been added initially, was kept for 2 h in an inert atmosphere. On diluting the reaction mixture with methanol, a white precipitate was formed, indicating the intervention of free radicals in the reaction. The blank experiments of either DPC or ...
Chapter 14: Chemical Kinetics
Chapter 14: Chemical Kinetics

... on a molecular level. According to the collision theory of reaction rates, a reaction occurs only when three conditions are met: 1. The reacting species come into contact (they collide). 2. The collision has enough energy to overcome the activation energy, the energy barrier necessary to initiate th ...
Complete atomic model of the bacterial flagellar filament by electron
Complete atomic model of the bacterial flagellar filament by electron

... The bacterial flagellar filament is a helical propeller for bacterial locomotion. It is a helical assembly of a single protein, flagellin, and its tubular structure is formed by 11 protofilaments in two distinct conformations, L- and R-type, for supercoiling. The X-ray crystal structure of a flagell ...
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Multi-state modeling of biomolecules

Multi-state modeling of biomolecules refers to a series of techniques used to represent and compute the behaviour of biological molecules or complexes that can adopt a large number of possible functional states.Biological signaling systems often rely on complexes of biological macromolecules that can undergo several functionally significant modifications that are mutually compatible. Thus, they can exist in a very large number of functionally different states. Modeling such multi-state systems poses two problems: The problem of how to describe and specify a multi-state system (the ""specification problem"") and the problem of how to use a computer to simulate the progress of the system over time (the ""computation problem""). To address the specification problem, modelers have in recent years moved away from explicit specification of all possible states, and towards rule-based formalisms that allow for implicit model specification, including the κ-calculus, BioNetGen, the Allosteric Network Compiler and others. To tackle the computation problem, they have turned to particle-based methods that have in many cases proved more computationally efficient than population-based methods based on ordinary differential equations, partial differential equations, or the Gillespie stochastic simulation algorithm. Given current computing technology, particle-based methods are sometimes the only possible option. Particle-based simulators further fall into two categories: Non-spatial simulators such as StochSim, DYNSTOC, RuleMonkey, and NFSim and spatial simulators, including Meredys, SRSim and MCell. Modelers can thus choose from a variety of tools; the best choice depending on the particular problem. Development of faster and more powerful methods is ongoing, promising the ability to simulate ever more complex signaling processes in the future.
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