Reaction RXN-8964 (implausible prediction)
... 4 - Reaction 4.4.1.25-RXN (no further evidence) ............................................................................................................... 3 5 - Reaction BUTANAL-DEHYDROGENASE-RXN (no further evidence) .................................................................... 3 6 – Re ...
... 4 - Reaction 4.4.1.25-RXN (no further evidence) ............................................................................................................... 3 5 - Reaction BUTANAL-DEHYDROGENASE-RXN (no further evidence) .................................................................... 3 6 – Re ...
14C2H4 : Distribution of 14G-labeled tissue metabolites
... the neutral fraction revealed two regions of radioactivity (Rf-=0.38) and 0.63 which did not cochromatograph with twenty-two known sugars or neutral metabolites. Chromatogramj of the basic fraction contained 3 regions of radioactivity. Similar distribution patterns were noted when 14CjH< exposure wa ...
... the neutral fraction revealed two regions of radioactivity (Rf-=0.38) and 0.63 which did not cochromatograph with twenty-two known sugars or neutral metabolites. Chromatogramj of the basic fraction contained 3 regions of radioactivity. Similar distribution patterns were noted when 14CjH< exposure wa ...
A Molecular Basis for Multiple Herbicide Resistance in Black
... 1. C120V mutant (incapable of being alkylated in this position by NBD-Cl) is dramatically less inhibited by NBD-Cl than AmGSTF1. 2. C120V mutant has a 15 % higher specific activity toward CDNB than AmGSTF1 (see DMSO control). ...
... 1. C120V mutant (incapable of being alkylated in this position by NBD-Cl) is dramatically less inhibited by NBD-Cl than AmGSTF1. 2. C120V mutant has a 15 % higher specific activity toward CDNB than AmGSTF1 (see DMSO control). ...
Acetaminophen Metabolism in Man, as Determined by High
... serum concentrations of the drug and its seven metabolites were determined by high-resolution liquid chromatography as a function of time after two clinically normal men ingested 1950 mg of the drug. Concentrations in urine and serum are compared, and estimated urinary excretion rates are reported f ...
... serum concentrations of the drug and its seven metabolites were determined by high-resolution liquid chromatography as a function of time after two clinically normal men ingested 1950 mg of the drug. Concentrations in urine and serum are compared, and estimated urinary excretion rates are reported f ...
Molecular Cloning and Expression of a 2-Arylpropionyl
... elegans (41% identity) (27) and with the sequence of the carnitine operon oxidoreductase (28) from E. coli (27% identity). The observed homology to proteins of the carnitine metabolism possibly indicates an as yet undefined physiological role of the epimerase. This hypothesis is supported by similar ...
... elegans (41% identity) (27) and with the sequence of the carnitine operon oxidoreductase (28) from E. coli (27% identity). The observed homology to proteins of the carnitine metabolism possibly indicates an as yet undefined physiological role of the epimerase. This hypothesis is supported by similar ...
Adaptative biochemical pathways and regulatory networks in
... of rhamnose (57.1%), glucuronic acid (28.6%) and galactose (14.3%), which shows metalbinding properties [17, 18]. Although extracellular EPS have been reported over recent decades and their composition, structure, biosynthesis and functional properties have been extensively studied, only a few have ...
... of rhamnose (57.1%), glucuronic acid (28.6%) and galactose (14.3%), which shows metalbinding properties [17, 18]. Although extracellular EPS have been reported over recent decades and their composition, structure, biosynthesis and functional properties have been extensively studied, only a few have ...
Ear Reconstruction
... Psychological effects of an ear deformity play a significant role in timing of reconstruction. Most surgeons prefer to initiate treatment when the patient is between 5 and 7 years of age since this early intervention will reduce anxiety as a result of peer pressure. This also allows for sufficient r ...
... Psychological effects of an ear deformity play a significant role in timing of reconstruction. Most surgeons prefer to initiate treatment when the patient is between 5 and 7 years of age since this early intervention will reduce anxiety as a result of peer pressure. This also allows for sufficient r ...
Diagnosing Insulin Resistance by Simple Quantitative Methods in
... insulin, similar to the value (16.0 mU/l) previously found by us in a different group of subjects (15). In the Paris Prospective Study (7), hyperinsulinism was defined as fasting plasma insulin level ⬎16 mU/l or a level of 62 mU/l 2 h after the oral glucose tolerance test. The existence of these val ...
... insulin, similar to the value (16.0 mU/l) previously found by us in a different group of subjects (15). In the Paris Prospective Study (7), hyperinsulinism was defined as fasting plasma insulin level ⬎16 mU/l or a level of 62 mU/l 2 h after the oral glucose tolerance test. The existence of these val ...
METABOLIC ADAPTATION OF CANDIDA
... cells (Ballie & Douglas, 2000). Metabolic flexibility is an attribute extensively explored for survival, allowing for the use of fermentable and non- fermentable carbon sources. Glyoxylate pathway is an anabolic cycle that converts acetyl-CoA to succinate and malate for the synthesis of carbohydrate ...
... cells (Ballie & Douglas, 2000). Metabolic flexibility is an attribute extensively explored for survival, allowing for the use of fermentable and non- fermentable carbon sources. Glyoxylate pathway is an anabolic cycle that converts acetyl-CoA to succinate and malate for the synthesis of carbohydrate ...
5-1 Necleotide Metabolism (purine)
... (a transition state analog) shows promise in combination with Ara-C (Vidarabine) ...
... (a transition state analog) shows promise in combination with Ara-C (Vidarabine) ...
Chemotaxonomic Metabolite Profiling of 62 Indigenous Plant
... liquid chromatographic separation combined with mass spectrometry offers detailed information on plant metabolites [25] and could be advantageous in botanical chemotaxonomy. Metabolomics has been previously used in plant research. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based metabolite prof ...
... liquid chromatographic separation combined with mass spectrometry offers detailed information on plant metabolites [25] and could be advantageous in botanical chemotaxonomy. Metabolomics has been previously used in plant research. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based metabolite prof ...
Chapter 19 Carbohydrate Biosynthesis
... • The amino acids that can be converted to pyruvate or citric acid cycle intermediates are glucogenic. • Net conversion of acetyl-CoA to pyruvate (the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate is irreversible) or oxaloacetate does not occur in mammals, thus neither Lys and Leu nor even-numbered fatty ac ...
... • The amino acids that can be converted to pyruvate or citric acid cycle intermediates are glucogenic. • Net conversion of acetyl-CoA to pyruvate (the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate is irreversible) or oxaloacetate does not occur in mammals, thus neither Lys and Leu nor even-numbered fatty ac ...
PFK-2
... • Glycolytic flux is controlled by need for ATP and/or for intermediates formed by the pathway (e.g., for fatty acid synthesis). • Control occurs at sites of irreversible reactions • Phosphofructokinase- major control point; first enzyme “unique” to glycolysis • Hexokinase or glucokinase • Pyruvate ...
... • Glycolytic flux is controlled by need for ATP and/or for intermediates formed by the pathway (e.g., for fatty acid synthesis). • Control occurs at sites of irreversible reactions • Phosphofructokinase- major control point; first enzyme “unique” to glycolysis • Hexokinase or glucokinase • Pyruvate ...
Environmental Microbiology Learning Questions
... 5. What are the limitations of fermentation? Fermenting organisms need to release electrons from the oxidative branch of substrate utilization (catabolism) on a redox potential that allows for the reaction. Thus, hydrogen partial pressures play an important role for many types of fermentation. E.g. ...
... 5. What are the limitations of fermentation? Fermenting organisms need to release electrons from the oxidative branch of substrate utilization (catabolism) on a redox potential that allows for the reaction. Thus, hydrogen partial pressures play an important role for many types of fermentation. E.g. ...
Choreography of Transcriptomes and Lipidomes of
... (Supplemental Data Set 2; Figure 1B). The genes with unknown functions accounted for 23 to 64% of the genes in each cluster, representing the largest category; the exception was in cluster C12, where the functional category of protein synthesis, modification, folding, and turnover predominated. For t ...
... (Supplemental Data Set 2; Figure 1B). The genes with unknown functions accounted for 23 to 64% of the genes in each cluster, representing the largest category; the exception was in cluster C12, where the functional category of protein synthesis, modification, folding, and turnover predominated. For t ...
Enzymes | Principles of Biology from Nature Education
... the substrates reduce their stability, making them more likely to break. Thus, raising temperature generally increases the reaction rate. However, if the temperature is too high, the increased kinetic energy can irreversibly denature the enzyme by breaking down some of the bonds that hold together t ...
... the substrates reduce their stability, making them more likely to break. Thus, raising temperature generally increases the reaction rate. However, if the temperature is too high, the increased kinetic energy can irreversibly denature the enzyme by breaking down some of the bonds that hold together t ...
Biosynthesis of Isoprenoids
... An interesting feature of the monoterpene synthases is the ability of these enzymes to produce more than one product; for example, pinene synthase from several plant sources produces both α- and β-pinene. The pinenes are among the most common monoterpenes produced by plants and are principal compone ...
... An interesting feature of the monoterpene synthases is the ability of these enzymes to produce more than one product; for example, pinene synthase from several plant sources produces both α- and β-pinene. The pinenes are among the most common monoterpenes produced by plants and are principal compone ...
Update on Contrast Material Use in Children
... erythema. Initial vital signs confirm a blood pressure of 68/42 and a heart rate of 125. After calling for help, what is the next most appropriate step in the medical management of this patient? A. Administer IV diphenhydramine (Benadryl) and IV corticosteroid (e.g., hydrocortisone) B. Administer in ...
... erythema. Initial vital signs confirm a blood pressure of 68/42 and a heart rate of 125. After calling for help, what is the next most appropriate step in the medical management of this patient? A. Administer IV diphenhydramine (Benadryl) and IV corticosteroid (e.g., hydrocortisone) B. Administer in ...
as a PDF
... authors named these forms as spheromastigotes due to the presence of an incipient flagellum that does not emerge from the cell; (ii) trypomastigotes (trypo = to drill, referring to a property of this cell to attach to glass by one point while making rotatory movements), an infective, flagellated and ...
... authors named these forms as spheromastigotes due to the presence of an incipient flagellum that does not emerge from the cell; (ii) trypomastigotes (trypo = to drill, referring to a property of this cell to attach to glass by one point while making rotatory movements), an infective, flagellated and ...
Chapter 7: Cellular Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy
... Metabolic Pathways • Catabolic pathways feed into the respiratory pathways. • Polysaccharides are broken down into glucose, which enters glycolysis. • Glycerol from fats also enters glycolysis, and acetyl CoA from fatty acids enters the citric ...
... Metabolic Pathways • Catabolic pathways feed into the respiratory pathways. • Polysaccharides are broken down into glucose, which enters glycolysis. • Glycerol from fats also enters glycolysis, and acetyl CoA from fatty acids enters the citric ...
Mass spectrometric analysis of tricarboxylic acid cycle
... The TCA cycle must be maintained and coordinated with other metabolic pathways that enter and leave this major turntable of the cell metabolism[3, 5]. The processes replenishing intermediates into the cycle are called anaplerotic reactions (anaplerosis). The opposite process by which an intermediate ...
... The TCA cycle must be maintained and coordinated with other metabolic pathways that enter and leave this major turntable of the cell metabolism[3, 5]. The processes replenishing intermediates into the cycle are called anaplerotic reactions (anaplerosis). The opposite process by which an intermediate ...
Acute nutritional ketosis: implications for exercise performance and metabolism Open Access
... [13-16], and β-oxidation of fats are also well described in athletic cohorts [17]. Similarly, increases in the capacity of skeletal muscle to oxidise other blood-borne substrates such as ketone bodies have been demonstrated following athletic training [18,19]. Athletes therefore represent a useful m ...
... [13-16], and β-oxidation of fats are also well described in athletic cohorts [17]. Similarly, increases in the capacity of skeletal muscle to oxidise other blood-borne substrates such as ketone bodies have been demonstrated following athletic training [18,19]. Athletes therefore represent a useful m ...
Metabolic network modelling
Metabolic network reconstruction and simulation allows for an in-depth insight into the molecular mechanisms of a particular organism. In particular, these models correlate the genome with molecular physiology. A reconstruction breaks down metabolic pathways (such as glycolysis and the Citric acid cycle) into their respective reactions and enzymes, and analyzes them within the perspective of the entire network. In simplified terms, a reconstruction collects all of the relevant metabolic information of an organism and compiles it in a mathematical model. Validation and analysis of reconstructions can allow identification of key features of metabolism such as growth yield, resource distribution, network robustness, and gene essentiality. This knowledge can then be applied to create novel biotechnology.In general, the process to build a reconstruction is as follows: Draft a reconstruction Refine the model Convert model into a mathematical/computational representation Evaluate and debug model through experimentation↑