![Chapter 2 Chemical Reactions](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/003807669_1-f14e5dfb7281e31704956268234e9abf-300x300.png)
Chapter 2 Chemical Reactions
... Atoms can not be created or destroyed (Law of Conservation of Mass) A reaction can be described several ways: #1. In a sentence every item is a word Copper reacts with chlorine to form copper (II) ...
... Atoms can not be created or destroyed (Law of Conservation of Mass) A reaction can be described several ways: #1. In a sentence every item is a word Copper reacts with chlorine to form copper (II) ...
Section 6 – Catalysis
... Allosteric enzymes have 2 forms – active and inactive When a substance binds to an allosteric site it changes the shape of the active site. ...
... Allosteric enzymes have 2 forms – active and inactive When a substance binds to an allosteric site it changes the shape of the active site. ...
Microbiology: A Systems Approach, 2nd ed.
... • Electron donor (reduced) + electron acceptor (oxidized) Electron donor (oxidized) + electron acceptor (reduced) • This process leaves the previously reduced compound with less energy than the now oxidized one • The energy in the electron acceptor can be captured to phosphorylate to ADP or some o ...
... • Electron donor (reduced) + electron acceptor (oxidized) Electron donor (oxidized) + electron acceptor (reduced) • This process leaves the previously reduced compound with less energy than the now oxidized one • The energy in the electron acceptor can be captured to phosphorylate to ADP or some o ...
PTHR18866 CARBOXYLASE:PYRUVATE/ACETYL
... Only BC is aligned well in the family and some of the BCCP ...
... Only BC is aligned well in the family and some of the BCCP ...
Microbial Metabolism
... Metabolic Pathways • Although we can recognize a substrate and product of individual enzymatic reactions; metabolic functions are often performed by several enzymatic reactions in a “pathway”. • Pathways can be linear, branched, cyclic or even spiral. ...
... Metabolic Pathways • Although we can recognize a substrate and product of individual enzymatic reactions; metabolic functions are often performed by several enzymatic reactions in a “pathway”. • Pathways can be linear, branched, cyclic or even spiral. ...
Western blot analysis
... Homology searches of the catalytic domains of Etk (residues 450-726) and Wzc (residues 450-720) against a database of EHEC O157:H7 (NC002655.2 and NC007414.1) and E. coli K12 (NC000913.2) proteomes were carried out using PSI-BLAST [9]. An inclusion threshold value of 10-4 was used to define hits in ...
... Homology searches of the catalytic domains of Etk (residues 450-726) and Wzc (residues 450-720) against a database of EHEC O157:H7 (NC002655.2 and NC007414.1) and E. coli K12 (NC000913.2) proteomes were carried out using PSI-BLAST [9]. An inclusion threshold value of 10-4 was used to define hits in ...
An ORFome Assembly Approach to Metagenomics Sequence Analysis
... (metagenomes, unlike genomes, are most likely incomplete). There will be missing enzymes in reconstructed pathways— are they real missing enzymes, or they are simply not sampled? Existing methods of pathway reconstruction or inference (e.g., the naïve mapping approach shown in previous slide) may ...
... (metagenomes, unlike genomes, are most likely incomplete). There will be missing enzymes in reconstructed pathways— are they real missing enzymes, or they are simply not sampled? Existing methods of pathway reconstruction or inference (e.g., the naïve mapping approach shown in previous slide) may ...
enzymes - MrsGorukhomework
... Demo – scissors used to cut paper, stapler used to put together, both not changed Metabolism – (Greek for change) all chemical processes Enzymes are globular protein catalysts. Catalysts increase the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed or used up themselves. Reactions require bonds th ...
... Demo – scissors used to cut paper, stapler used to put together, both not changed Metabolism – (Greek for change) all chemical processes Enzymes are globular protein catalysts. Catalysts increase the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed or used up themselves. Reactions require bonds th ...
Iterative literature searching
... Large negative SAM score: gene expressed more highly in Type I lesions. ...
... Large negative SAM score: gene expressed more highly in Type I lesions. ...
Integrative study of Arabidopsis thaliana metabolomic and
... applied as Metabolite Set Enrichment Analysis (Xia & Wishart, 2010) or Network-based Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (Glaab et al., 2012). Nevertheless, these approaches require a predefined grouping of the biological entities, e.g., into pathways, which always restricts the analysis to the known group ...
... applied as Metabolite Set Enrichment Analysis (Xia & Wishart, 2010) or Network-based Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (Glaab et al., 2012). Nevertheless, these approaches require a predefined grouping of the biological entities, e.g., into pathways, which always restricts the analysis to the known group ...
M-path: a compass for navigating potential metabolic pathways
... size, computational methods have become necessary to identify the key enzymatic reaction steps for efficient synthetic pathway design (Kanehisa et al., 2008; Schomburg et al., 2013). There are two major computational approaches in designing synthetic metabolic pathways. One is solely dependent on ex ...
... size, computational methods have become necessary to identify the key enzymatic reaction steps for efficient synthetic pathway design (Kanehisa et al., 2008; Schomburg et al., 2013). There are two major computational approaches in designing synthetic metabolic pathways. One is solely dependent on ex ...
Oxidative Phosphorylation
... It is composed of pathways Pathway is a multistep sequence of reactions in which the product of one reaction serves as the substrate of the subsequent reaction Each reaction is catalyzed by a specific enzyme (may be with help of a coenzyme) A B C D E F G ...
... It is composed of pathways Pathway is a multistep sequence of reactions in which the product of one reaction serves as the substrate of the subsequent reaction Each reaction is catalyzed by a specific enzyme (may be with help of a coenzyme) A B C D E F G ...
UPMC Interesting Cases
... Daily oral K does not prevent attacks Carbonic anhydrase inhibitorsAcetozolamide Low carb diet Consult/referral ...
... Daily oral K does not prevent attacks Carbonic anhydrase inhibitorsAcetozolamide Low carb diet Consult/referral ...
overview-omics - SRI International
... at shared or nonshared reactions Example – E. coli reactions shared with humans Example – switch to a second organism Reactions not shared with (human and coli) Set from Any to All One way to think about drug targeting, e.g. Quick note – cross-species comparison from pathways Go to thi ...
... at shared or nonshared reactions Example – E. coli reactions shared with humans Example – switch to a second organism Reactions not shared with (human and coli) Set from Any to All One way to think about drug targeting, e.g. Quick note – cross-species comparison from pathways Go to thi ...
Systems Biology department retreat
... recruiting graduate and rotation students! Matthew Meyerson Alex Kostic ...
... recruiting graduate and rotation students! Matthew Meyerson Alex Kostic ...
POGIL Biology I – Introduction to life on earth
... POGIL Biology VIII – Energy, enzymes, and the cell All living things require a constant source of energy. Cells do not produce their own energy, they must somehow extract it from their environment. Cells are tiny chemical reaction vats that are continually synthesizing and breaking down various mole ...
... POGIL Biology VIII – Energy, enzymes, and the cell All living things require a constant source of energy. Cells do not produce their own energy, they must somehow extract it from their environment. Cells are tiny chemical reaction vats that are continually synthesizing and breaking down various mole ...
Progress in plant metabolic engineering
... The flavonoids are phenolic compounds derived ultimately from phenylalanine, and thus share a common metabolic source with lignins and lignans (see below). The first committed step in flavonoid biosynthesis is the conversion of the precursor 4-coumaroyl-CoA into chalcone by the enzyme chalcone synth ...
... The flavonoids are phenolic compounds derived ultimately from phenylalanine, and thus share a common metabolic source with lignins and lignans (see below). The first committed step in flavonoid biosynthesis is the conversion of the precursor 4-coumaroyl-CoA into chalcone by the enzyme chalcone synth ...
Metabolic emergency
... disorder? Immediate investigations Specific investigations Which emergency measures? Diagnostic algorithm Case presentation ...
... disorder? Immediate investigations Specific investigations Which emergency measures? Diagnostic algorithm Case presentation ...
Foundations in Microbiology
... • Energy present in chemical bonds of nutrients are trapped by specialized enzyme systems as the bonds of the nutrients are broken. • Energy released is temporarily stored in high energy phosphate molecules. The energy of these molecules is used in endergonic cell reactions. ...
... • Energy present in chemical bonds of nutrients are trapped by specialized enzyme systems as the bonds of the nutrients are broken. • Energy released is temporarily stored in high energy phosphate molecules. The energy of these molecules is used in endergonic cell reactions. ...
Summary
... steady state had been reached, the cultures were shifted to nitrogen-starvation conditions, in the presence of an excess of glucose to prevent dual starvation. Simultaneously, the cultures were brought to batch conditions, since the cells would not grow when starved for nitrogen. The fluxes through ...
... steady state had been reached, the cultures were shifted to nitrogen-starvation conditions, in the presence of an excess of glucose to prevent dual starvation. Simultaneously, the cultures were brought to batch conditions, since the cells would not grow when starved for nitrogen. The fluxes through ...
Data Integration
... • important for differentiation of appendages during development • transcription factor – binds to DNA near target genes ...
... • important for differentiation of appendages during development • transcription factor – binds to DNA near target genes ...
BIOCHEMISTRY
... (Note that your monosaccharide can have as many carbons as you wish) (For a bonus of 5 pts you can also tell me which, and how many, stereoisomers of the monosaccharide you have chosen would work to give you two equivalents of identical products) ...
... (Note that your monosaccharide can have as many carbons as you wish) (For a bonus of 5 pts you can also tell me which, and how many, stereoisomers of the monosaccharide you have chosen would work to give you two equivalents of identical products) ...
Metabolic network modelling
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/A_thaliana_metabolic_network.png?width=300)
Metabolic network reconstruction and simulation allows for an in-depth insight into the molecular mechanisms of a particular organism. In particular, these models correlate the genome with molecular physiology. A reconstruction breaks down metabolic pathways (such as glycolysis and the Citric acid cycle) into their respective reactions and enzymes, and analyzes them within the perspective of the entire network. In simplified terms, a reconstruction collects all of the relevant metabolic information of an organism and compiles it in a mathematical model. Validation and analysis of reconstructions can allow identification of key features of metabolism such as growth yield, resource distribution, network robustness, and gene essentiality. This knowledge can then be applied to create novel biotechnology.In general, the process to build a reconstruction is as follows: Draft a reconstruction Refine the model Convert model into a mathematical/computational representation Evaluate and debug model through experimentation↑