Amines and Amides
... Sulfanilamide, the first antibiotic, was discovered by Gerhard Damagk (Nobel Prize, 1939), who observed the antibacterial action of the red dye Protonsil; further researched showed that it was the metabolic byproduct, sulfanilamide, which was the active form. It prevents bacteria from synthesizing f ...
... Sulfanilamide, the first antibiotic, was discovered by Gerhard Damagk (Nobel Prize, 1939), who observed the antibacterial action of the red dye Protonsil; further researched showed that it was the metabolic byproduct, sulfanilamide, which was the active form. It prevents bacteria from synthesizing f ...
Identification of Modified Amino Acids by Edman Sequencing
... Biomolecular Resource Facilities (ABRF) has directed numerous studies focused on various aspects of Edman degradation of proteins and peptides. These studies provide a means for participating laboratories to compare their analyses against a benchmark of those from other laboratories that provide thi ...
... Biomolecular Resource Facilities (ABRF) has directed numerous studies focused on various aspects of Edman degradation of proteins and peptides. These studies provide a means for participating laboratories to compare their analyses against a benchmark of those from other laboratories that provide thi ...
ESTUDIO DE LOS MECANISMOS DE INHIBICIÓN DE LA ACTIVIDAD CARNITINA PALMITOILTRANSFERASA 1
... The enzyme carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT)1 I catalyzes the conversion of long chain fatty acyl-CoAs to acylcarnitines, which is the first step in the transport of fatty acyl-CoA groups from the cytosol to mitochondria where they undergo -oxidation. This reaction is inhibited by malonyl-CoA, a ...
... The enzyme carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT)1 I catalyzes the conversion of long chain fatty acyl-CoAs to acylcarnitines, which is the first step in the transport of fatty acyl-CoA groups from the cytosol to mitochondria where they undergo -oxidation. This reaction is inhibited by malonyl-CoA, a ...
The Handbook of Redox Biochemistry- ESA, Inc.
... underground areas such as oil pockets; the sources of springs; decaying teeth and gangrenous wounds; the colon; and inappropriately canned foods. Rather than using oxygen during respiration (they usually lack terminal cytochromes that transfer electrons to oxygen) they use other electron acceptors s ...
... underground areas such as oil pockets; the sources of springs; decaying teeth and gangrenous wounds; the colon; and inappropriately canned foods. Rather than using oxygen during respiration (they usually lack terminal cytochromes that transfer electrons to oxygen) they use other electron acceptors s ...
Some pyridoxal analogs and their transamination with amino acids
... This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Repository @ Iowa State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Repository @ Iowa State University. For more information, please ...
... This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Repository @ Iowa State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Repository @ Iowa State University. For more information, please ...
nutritional biochemistry
... Vitamin D is obtained from animal food and sparingly from plant food source. Ergosterol of plants and 7-dehydrocholesterol of animals are the pro-vitamins and are converted to ergocalciferol and cholecalciferol as B ring of steroid nucleus opens up on exposure to UV rays. On exposure to sunlight, 7- ...
... Vitamin D is obtained from animal food and sparingly from plant food source. Ergosterol of plants and 7-dehydrocholesterol of animals are the pro-vitamins and are converted to ergocalciferol and cholecalciferol as B ring of steroid nucleus opens up on exposure to UV rays. On exposure to sunlight, 7- ...
Systems Biotechnology of Pseudomonas putida for the enhanced
... Oil-based plastic production processes have given rise to several environmental problems and energy availability. Over the past 30 years, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) have become one of the main sustainable alternatives to replace petroleum-base commodities. These biopolymers have superior features t ...
... Oil-based plastic production processes have given rise to several environmental problems and energy availability. Over the past 30 years, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) have become one of the main sustainable alternatives to replace petroleum-base commodities. These biopolymers have superior features t ...
Metabolic downregulation during diapause in embryos of Artemia
... becomes phosphorylated during entrance into diapause, and as a consequence, one would predict PDH to be strongly inhibited in this state. Restriction of glycolytic flux will lead to metabolic 'starvation' of the mitochondrion, and in turn will reduce mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation during di ...
... becomes phosphorylated during entrance into diapause, and as a consequence, one would predict PDH to be strongly inhibited in this state. Restriction of glycolytic flux will lead to metabolic 'starvation' of the mitochondrion, and in turn will reduce mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation during di ...
Chemistry.of Organic Compounds
... the students majoring in chemistry are preparing themselves for industrial positions. Hence the practical applications and economic aspects of organic chemistry frequently are discussed in some detail. For some years textbooks have been published which present aliphatic and aromatic compounds simult ...
... the students majoring in chemistry are preparing themselves for industrial positions. Hence the practical applications and economic aspects of organic chemistry frequently are discussed in some detail. For some years textbooks have been published which present aliphatic and aromatic compounds simult ...
Chapter 4 - University of Amsterdam
... In animal species, carnitine uptake by food is thought to be an important contributor to total carnitine levels but is dependent on diet, as meat and dairy products contain high levels of carnitine, while food sources derived from plants contribute very little (26). Although carnitine can be obtaine ...
... In animal species, carnitine uptake by food is thought to be an important contributor to total carnitine levels but is dependent on diet, as meat and dairy products contain high levels of carnitine, while food sources derived from plants contribute very little (26). Although carnitine can be obtaine ...
Mechanistic Studies of Two Selected Flavin
... Choline oxidase catalyzes the flavin-dependent, two-step oxidation of choline to glycine betaine via the formation of an aldehyde intermediate. The oxidation of choline includes two reductive half-reactions followed by oxidative half-reactions. In the first oxidation reaction, the alcohol substrate ...
... Choline oxidase catalyzes the flavin-dependent, two-step oxidation of choline to glycine betaine via the formation of an aldehyde intermediate. The oxidation of choline includes two reductive half-reactions followed by oxidative half-reactions. In the first oxidation reaction, the alcohol substrate ...
Title of Document: HIGH-THROUGHPUT TIME-SERIES
... away in Greece, discussing with us till as late as 3 am for her after a hard day’s work teaching and guiding students in her lab in Greece. Even though it seemed difficult at first she made sure we had all the opportunities (and even more) and required guidance to be successful in our careers. She p ...
... away in Greece, discussing with us till as late as 3 am for her after a hard day’s work teaching and guiding students in her lab in Greece. Even though it seemed difficult at first she made sure we had all the opportunities (and even more) and required guidance to be successful in our careers. She p ...
DEVELOPMENT OF LACTIC ACID PRODUCTION
... fermentation of L-(+)-lactic acid (lactate) was carried out using the electrodeionization (EDI) technique. The effect of initial lactate concentrations on microbial growth was initially investigated. A mathematical simulation of the product inhibition was successfully illustrated. It was found that ...
... fermentation of L-(+)-lactic acid (lactate) was carried out using the electrodeionization (EDI) technique. The effect of initial lactate concentrations on microbial growth was initially investigated. A mathematical simulation of the product inhibition was successfully illustrated. It was found that ...
Sample pages 1 PDF
... avoided with bifunctional prochiral or meso-diesters (Schemes 2.3 and 2.4). For such types of substrates the reaction does not terminate at the chiral carboxylate monoester stage to give the desired products P and Q (step 1), but rather proceeds via a second step (usually at a slower rate) to yield ...
... avoided with bifunctional prochiral or meso-diesters (Schemes 2.3 and 2.4). For such types of substrates the reaction does not terminate at the chiral carboxylate monoester stage to give the desired products P and Q (step 1), but rather proceeds via a second step (usually at a slower rate) to yield ...
Carnitine: A Review - Society of Education~Agra
... absorption of large doses of the factor. The uptake of carnitine from the intestinal lumen into the mucosa is rapid, and about one-half of the carnitine taken up is acetylated in that tissue. Carnitine is not carried in blood in any tightly bound forms, in contrast to many watersoluble vitamins. Tis ...
... absorption of large doses of the factor. The uptake of carnitine from the intestinal lumen into the mucosa is rapid, and about one-half of the carnitine taken up is acetylated in that tissue. Carnitine is not carried in blood in any tightly bound forms, in contrast to many watersoluble vitamins. Tis ...
Regulation of Phenylalanine and Tyrosine
... hyperbolic with K , values of 0.31 r n M for chorismate and 0.015 mM for prephenate, respectively. The substrate saturation curve of the complexed prephenate dehydratase I was sigmoid; a Km value of 0-18 mM was calculated for prephenate. Chorismate mutase, prephenate dehydratase and prephenate dehyd ...
... hyperbolic with K , values of 0.31 r n M for chorismate and 0.015 mM for prephenate, respectively. The substrate saturation curve of the complexed prephenate dehydratase I was sigmoid; a Km value of 0-18 mM was calculated for prephenate. Chorismate mutase, prephenate dehydratase and prephenate dehyd ...
c12) United States Patent - Rice Scholarship Home
... The ratio of the reduced to oxidized form of this cofactor, the NADH/NAD+ ratio, is critical for the cell. The NAD(H/+) cofactor pair is very important in microbial catabolism, where a carbon source, such as glucose, is oxidized through a series of reactions utilizing NAD+ as a cofactor and producin ...
... The ratio of the reduced to oxidized form of this cofactor, the NADH/NAD+ ratio, is critical for the cell. The NAD(H/+) cofactor pair is very important in microbial catabolism, where a carbon source, such as glucose, is oxidized through a series of reactions utilizing NAD+ as a cofactor and producin ...
Biosynthesis of geranial, a potent aroma compound in ginger
... acetate drastically decreases with increasing geranial levels during the maturation and storage of ginger rhizome (Sekiwa-Iijima et al. 2001). This suggests that the metabolic fluxes from geranyl acetate to geranial occur through geraniol as a key compound, because both of their structures derive fr ...
... acetate drastically decreases with increasing geranial levels during the maturation and storage of ginger rhizome (Sekiwa-Iijima et al. 2001). This suggests that the metabolic fluxes from geranyl acetate to geranial occur through geraniol as a key compound, because both of their structures derive fr ...
Bioinformatic Analysis of Glycoside Hydrolases in the
... Petroleum reserves are rapidly depleting and alternative renewable sources of energy need to be developed to meet the energy demands of the planet. Lignocellulose has been recognized as a highly promising and renewable resource for the development of clean energy. Thermophilic microbes and thermosta ...
... Petroleum reserves are rapidly depleting and alternative renewable sources of energy need to be developed to meet the energy demands of the planet. Lignocellulose has been recognized as a highly promising and renewable resource for the development of clean energy. Thermophilic microbes and thermosta ...
Biosynthetic Diels–Alder Reactions
... both catalyzed and uncatalyzed. Where available, the biosynthetic studies pertaining to these substances to probe these questions are summarized. Although there are countless structures that can formally be envisioned to arise by a [4+2] cycloaddition, this Review is limited to those natural product ...
... both catalyzed and uncatalyzed. Where available, the biosynthetic studies pertaining to these substances to probe these questions are summarized. Although there are countless structures that can formally be envisioned to arise by a [4+2] cycloaddition, this Review is limited to those natural product ...
Document
... a significant potential source of raw material useful for the development of value-added products (e.g., seed gum, flour and etc.). The term “gum” is used to describe a group of naturally occurring polysaccharides and/or proteins originated from different sources (i.e. animal, plant and microbial). ...
... a significant potential source of raw material useful for the development of value-added products (e.g., seed gum, flour and etc.). The term “gum” is used to describe a group of naturally occurring polysaccharides and/or proteins originated from different sources (i.e. animal, plant and microbial). ...
Reprint
... II (MPO-Fe4+-OH) and can oxidize AH by one-electron transfer with formation of A•-radicals (reaction 3, Fig. 1) [12, 16, 19]. Compound II is catalytically inactive in hypohalous acid formation, but, like Compound I, it can cause one-electron oxidation of substrate (AH) with regeneration of the nativ ...
... II (MPO-Fe4+-OH) and can oxidize AH by one-electron transfer with formation of A•-radicals (reaction 3, Fig. 1) [12, 16, 19]. Compound II is catalytically inactive in hypohalous acid formation, but, like Compound I, it can cause one-electron oxidation of substrate (AH) with regeneration of the nativ ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.