Lecture 19
... that form the backbone of a peptide chain or protein The secondary structures of proteins indicate the three-dimensional spatial arrangements of the polypeptide chains The tertiary structure of a protein gives a specific three-dimensional shape to the polypeptide chain including interactions and cro ...
... that form the backbone of a peptide chain or protein The secondary structures of proteins indicate the three-dimensional spatial arrangements of the polypeptide chains The tertiary structure of a protein gives a specific three-dimensional shape to the polypeptide chain including interactions and cro ...
Enzymes
... Enzymes are only around for a limited time because they do decompose at some point. Therefore, organisms must synthesize enzymes continuously. The DNA of the cell has the "blueprint" for making enzymes. 7) Name of enzymes: Enzymes end in the letters "ASE" (KNOW THIS!!!) They are usually named after ...
... Enzymes are only around for a limited time because they do decompose at some point. Therefore, organisms must synthesize enzymes continuously. The DNA of the cell has the "blueprint" for making enzymes. 7) Name of enzymes: Enzymes end in the letters "ASE" (KNOW THIS!!!) They are usually named after ...
Quantitative analysis of acetyl-CoA production in hypoxic cancer cells reveals substantial contribution from acetate
... acetyl-CoA. This 16-carbon fatty acid palmitate is then incorporated into structural lipids or subjected to additional elongation (again using acetyl-CoA) and desaturation reactions to produce the diversity of fatty acids required by the cell. Acetyl-CoA sits at the interface between central carbon ...
... acetyl-CoA. This 16-carbon fatty acid palmitate is then incorporated into structural lipids or subjected to additional elongation (again using acetyl-CoA) and desaturation reactions to produce the diversity of fatty acids required by the cell. Acetyl-CoA sits at the interface between central carbon ...
PDF
... Maris et al., 2004b). The high intracellular pH ensures that the majority of lactic acid is present as the lactate anion, which is incapable of diffusing across the plasma membrane. Therefore, analogous to the export of other weak organic acid anions (Piper et al., 1998; Fernandes et al., 2005), it ...
... Maris et al., 2004b). The high intracellular pH ensures that the majority of lactic acid is present as the lactate anion, which is incapable of diffusing across the plasma membrane. Therefore, analogous to the export of other weak organic acid anions (Piper et al., 1998; Fernandes et al., 2005), it ...
BS11 Final Exam Answer Key Spring `98
... is increased to 0.3 µM. What happens to the size of the filament? Answer: The filament grows in length because it grows at the (+) end faster than it shrinks at the (-) end. (+) end. (12 µM -1sec-1)(0.3 µM) - 2sec -1 = 1.6 sec-1 (-) end. (1.2µM -1sec-1 )(0.3 µM) - 0.6 sec -1 = -0.24 sec-1 Net = + 1. ...
... is increased to 0.3 µM. What happens to the size of the filament? Answer: The filament grows in length because it grows at the (+) end faster than it shrinks at the (-) end. (+) end. (12 µM -1sec-1)(0.3 µM) - 2sec -1 = 1.6 sec-1 (-) end. (1.2µM -1sec-1 )(0.3 µM) - 0.6 sec -1 = -0.24 sec-1 Net = + 1. ...
Seminario Glúcidos 3 y lípidos 1. Comente los mecanismos de
... For instance, quantitative assayshave revealed that most of the succinoxidase and cytochrome oxidase activity is present in the mitochondria or “large granules” (7). In this laboratory studies have been made on the enzymatic oxidation of fatty acids to acetoacetate and also via the Krebs tricarboxyl ...
... For instance, quantitative assayshave revealed that most of the succinoxidase and cytochrome oxidase activity is present in the mitochondria or “large granules” (7). In this laboratory studies have been made on the enzymatic oxidation of fatty acids to acetoacetate and also via the Krebs tricarboxyl ...
Human Physiology - Coastline Community College
... has glucose-6-phosphatase that removes phosphate groups So glucose can be released into the blood stream to be used by All Body Cells ...
... has glucose-6-phosphatase that removes phosphate groups So glucose can be released into the blood stream to be used by All Body Cells ...
Rubisco
... inorganic phosphate for photophosphorylation ATP synthesis. It will also move NADPH synthesized by photorespiration into cytosol. NADPH will be converted to NADH during this process. ...
... inorganic phosphate for photophosphorylation ATP synthesis. It will also move NADPH synthesized by photorespiration into cytosol. NADPH will be converted to NADH during this process. ...
Exercise Metabolism
... amount of oxygen required to perform an activity and the actual amount of oxygen initially available until steady state is reached ...
... amount of oxygen required to perform an activity and the actual amount of oxygen initially available until steady state is reached ...
CH 3 COO
... system used in the human body? 1. The raw materials (CO2 and H2O) for the production of carbonic acid (H2CO3) are readily available. 2. The lungs and kidneys can easily adjust to ratio alterations between carbonic acid (H2CO3) and the conjugate base bicarbonate (HCO3-). ...
... system used in the human body? 1. The raw materials (CO2 and H2O) for the production of carbonic acid (H2CO3) are readily available. 2. The lungs and kidneys can easily adjust to ratio alterations between carbonic acid (H2CO3) and the conjugate base bicarbonate (HCO3-). ...
Introducing Dr. Rodger Murphree
... to the appropriate place on the cell membrane. This can cause depression, fatigue, sleep disorders, anxiety, and increased pain. ...
... to the appropriate place on the cell membrane. This can cause depression, fatigue, sleep disorders, anxiety, and increased pain. ...
RESPIRATION IN PLANTS
... Fermentation involves reduction of pyruvic acid to ethyl alcohol and CO2 (as in yeast) or to lactic acid (as in muscle cells of animals) and oxidation of NADH to NAD+. Thus, NAD is regenerated which can be used in glycolytic pathway and production of 2 ATPs can continue under anaerobic conditions. ( ...
... Fermentation involves reduction of pyruvic acid to ethyl alcohol and CO2 (as in yeast) or to lactic acid (as in muscle cells of animals) and oxidation of NADH to NAD+. Thus, NAD is regenerated which can be used in glycolytic pathway and production of 2 ATPs can continue under anaerobic conditions. ( ...
Biochemistry –Second year, Coll
... activated enzyme is found in both these two organs. Note: The adipocytes can take glucose from the circulation only in the presence of Insulin, so in the case of fasting state or pathological cases as in DM when the blood glucose and so the Insulin levels are normally low, the adipocytes uptake of g ...
... activated enzyme is found in both these two organs. Note: The adipocytes can take glucose from the circulation only in the presence of Insulin, so in the case of fasting state or pathological cases as in DM when the blood glucose and so the Insulin levels are normally low, the adipocytes uptake of g ...
THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS ACIDS ON THE DIGESTION OF
... The author is indebted to Drs. Van Slyke and Cullen for placing their apparatus for the hydrogen ion determination at his disposal. ...
... The author is indebted to Drs. Van Slyke and Cullen for placing their apparatus for the hydrogen ion determination at his disposal. ...
Large Amounts of Nicotinic Acid and Vitamin B12 in the Treatment of
... in microorganisms. Folic and tetrahydrofolic acids can be synthesized by most microorganisms (e.g. intestinal bacteria in man and rat) grown on simple synthetic media. There is evidence that, in the presence of ATP and CoA, PABA reacts with glutamic acid to form p-aminobenzoyl-glutamic acid. The lat ...
... in microorganisms. Folic and tetrahydrofolic acids can be synthesized by most microorganisms (e.g. intestinal bacteria in man and rat) grown on simple synthetic media. There is evidence that, in the presence of ATP and CoA, PABA reacts with glutamic acid to form p-aminobenzoyl-glutamic acid. The lat ...
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) and Metabolic Systems (cont`d)
... • Fast glycolysis is also known as anaerobic glycolysis and slow glycolysis is commonly called aerobic glycolysis. These are dictated by the energy demands of the cells. If there is a rapid or high rate of type II muscle fibers being utilized then fast glycolysis is utilized. If there is a demand f ...
... • Fast glycolysis is also known as anaerobic glycolysis and slow glycolysis is commonly called aerobic glycolysis. These are dictated by the energy demands of the cells. If there is a rapid or high rate of type II muscle fibers being utilized then fast glycolysis is utilized. If there is a demand f ...
Cellular Mechanisms
... – Inhibitor binds (non covalently) to the active site – Competes with substrate at active site – Rate slows because active site encounters fewer substrate molecules per second. – Competitive inhibitors have similar structure to the substrate – Effect can be overcome by adding more substrate (increas ...
... – Inhibitor binds (non covalently) to the active site – Competes with substrate at active site – Rate slows because active site encounters fewer substrate molecules per second. – Competitive inhibitors have similar structure to the substrate – Effect can be overcome by adding more substrate (increas ...
CHAPTER 5 The Structure and Function of Macromolecules The
... nonpolar amino acid, so it is also hydrophobic, water hating, It would hide from the water enviroment of a living thing by tucking itself inside the protein. Serine is a polar amino acid, so it is hy water loving. It likes substances that are like itself and would be just fine exposed to the water e ...
... nonpolar amino acid, so it is also hydrophobic, water hating, It would hide from the water enviroment of a living thing by tucking itself inside the protein. Serine is a polar amino acid, so it is hy water loving. It likes substances that are like itself and would be just fine exposed to the water e ...
06_Isoenzymes. Enzymodiagnostics. Enzymopathy. Enzymotherapy
... While if the energy of activation is less, The reaction will be faster ...
... While if the energy of activation is less, The reaction will be faster ...
How does Information get out of the Nucleus
... it joins that peptide chain to the amino acid on the next tRNA. it moves down the mRNA three nucleotides (that is, to the next codon). ...
... it joins that peptide chain to the amino acid on the next tRNA. it moves down the mRNA three nucleotides (that is, to the next codon). ...
AP Biology - Ch 6 - Cellular Respiration Study Guide
... hydrolysis of ATP to ADP is exergonic. The two reactions are therefore said to be a. substrates. b. endergonic. c. kinetic. d. activated. e. coupled. 3. The exergonic reaction 1,3-diphosphoglycerate 3phosphoglycerate is coupled to the reaction ADP + P i ATP. Which of the following is most likely ...
... hydrolysis of ATP to ADP is exergonic. The two reactions are therefore said to be a. substrates. b. endergonic. c. kinetic. d. activated. e. coupled. 3. The exergonic reaction 1,3-diphosphoglycerate 3phosphoglycerate is coupled to the reaction ADP + P i ATP. Which of the following is most likely ...
exam I answers
... Such interactions would most likely be allosteric. Other molecules (maybe ATP) could stimulate or inhibit the activity of E2. Or there may be covalent modification (i.e. addition or removal of a phosphoryl group) that could stimulate or inhibit the activity of E2. ...
... Such interactions would most likely be allosteric. Other molecules (maybe ATP) could stimulate or inhibit the activity of E2. Or there may be covalent modification (i.e. addition or removal of a phosphoryl group) that could stimulate or inhibit the activity of E2. ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.