lo_ppt20
... • 3-dimensional structure vital to the function of the protein • Breaking down the 3-dimensional structure is called denaturation • Denaturation can be caused by the addition of energy or a chemical reaction ...
... • 3-dimensional structure vital to the function of the protein • Breaking down the 3-dimensional structure is called denaturation • Denaturation can be caused by the addition of energy or a chemical reaction ...
P3- Biochemical Processes
... groups and is called ADP (adenosine diphosphate). This reaction is sped up by the enzyme ATPase. ...
... groups and is called ADP (adenosine diphosphate). This reaction is sped up by the enzyme ATPase. ...
Questionsheet 1
... The acid present in the stomach is called hydrochloric acid. Hydrochloric acid, HCl, reacts with magnesium carbonate, MgCO3, to produce magnesium chloride, carbon dioxide and water. ...
... The acid present in the stomach is called hydrochloric acid. Hydrochloric acid, HCl, reacts with magnesium carbonate, MgCO3, to produce magnesium chloride, carbon dioxide and water. ...
printed handout sheets
... which regulate gene expression. There may be literally thousands of these proteins, which are themselves expressed in a tissue selective fashion. We only have time to mention a few representative examples. PPAR-, PPAR-, CREB, NRF1 and PGC1 act in a combinatorial manner and have particular signific ...
... which regulate gene expression. There may be literally thousands of these proteins, which are themselves expressed in a tissue selective fashion. We only have time to mention a few representative examples. PPAR-, PPAR-, CREB, NRF1 and PGC1 act in a combinatorial manner and have particular signific ...
(i) Enzymes are (1)
... C proteins B speeds up a chemical reaction Any two from the following points contain different amino acids ...
... C proteins B speeds up a chemical reaction Any two from the following points contain different amino acids ...
High Alcohol Fermentations: How to Manage Primary and
... Convert all sugar to alcohol Minimize the production of volatile acidity Minimize volatile sulfur off-aromas Balance % alcohol with phenolic maturity Complete the malo-lactic conversion in a timely manner • Minimize microbial deviations ...
... Convert all sugar to alcohol Minimize the production of volatile acidity Minimize volatile sulfur off-aromas Balance % alcohol with phenolic maturity Complete the malo-lactic conversion in a timely manner • Minimize microbial deviations ...
Quiz 2 Review Sheet
... complex III, complex IV, mitochondria, NAD+, NADH, citrate, citrate synthase, hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, G3P, FAD, FADH2, glycolysis, glucose, cytosol, inner mitochondrial membrane, outer mitochondrial membrane, preparatory phase, energy payoff phase, intermembrane space, ATP synthase, oxygen, ...
... complex III, complex IV, mitochondria, NAD+, NADH, citrate, citrate synthase, hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, G3P, FAD, FADH2, glycolysis, glucose, cytosol, inner mitochondrial membrane, outer mitochondrial membrane, preparatory phase, energy payoff phase, intermembrane space, ATP synthase, oxygen, ...
Introduction to Carbohydrates
... the breakdown of the resulting carbon skeletons. • These pathways converge to form seven intermediate products: oxaloacetate, αketoglutarate, pyruvate, fumarate, succinyl coenzyme A (CoA), acetyl CoA, and acetoacetate. • These products directly enter the pathways of intermediary metabolism, resultin ...
... the breakdown of the resulting carbon skeletons. • These pathways converge to form seven intermediate products: oxaloacetate, αketoglutarate, pyruvate, fumarate, succinyl coenzyme A (CoA), acetyl CoA, and acetoacetate. • These products directly enter the pathways of intermediary metabolism, resultin ...
Molecular basis of cardiac efficiency
... oxygen consumption occur in mitochondria, the findings of these studies suggest that the basis for impaired cardiac efficiency may be located within mitochondria. Work from our group showed that both ob/ob and db/db hearts pre-perfused with buffer containing glucose as the only substrate have impair ...
... oxygen consumption occur in mitochondria, the findings of these studies suggest that the basis for impaired cardiac efficiency may be located within mitochondria. Work from our group showed that both ob/ob and db/db hearts pre-perfused with buffer containing glucose as the only substrate have impair ...
Jan. 28
... – Aqueous residue showed that 10 -15% of carbon had been converted to organic compounds (including amino acids) – Glycine (R=H) was found to be most abundant (least C-C bond forming reactions needed) – 12 of the other proteinogenic amino acids (20 in modern cells) were formed: – These were amino a ...
... – Aqueous residue showed that 10 -15% of carbon had been converted to organic compounds (including amino acids) – Glycine (R=H) was found to be most abundant (least C-C bond forming reactions needed) – 12 of the other proteinogenic amino acids (20 in modern cells) were formed: – These were amino a ...
U4L22 exercise - University of Sydney
... by or on behalf of the University of Sydney pursuant to Part VB of the Copyright Act 1968 (the Act). The material in this communication may be subject to copyright under the Act. Any further reproduction or communication of this material by you may be the subject of copyright protection under the Ac ...
... by or on behalf of the University of Sydney pursuant to Part VB of the Copyright Act 1968 (the Act). The material in this communication may be subject to copyright under the Act. Any further reproduction or communication of this material by you may be the subject of copyright protection under the Ac ...
Transaminase Affects Accumulation of Free Amino Acids in
... Chrystall and Devine, 1985; Takahasi et al., 1987). It appears that the lysosomal enzymes released by ES acted more rapidly on the meat. Daily means of Glu-aminopeptidase activity were similar in both treatments but decreased during storage to about 65% at 14 days (Fig. 1). Nakai et al. (1995) state ...
... Chrystall and Devine, 1985; Takahasi et al., 1987). It appears that the lysosomal enzymes released by ES acted more rapidly on the meat. Daily means of Glu-aminopeptidase activity were similar in both treatments but decreased during storage to about 65% at 14 days (Fig. 1). Nakai et al. (1995) state ...
ENZYMES - PROBLEMS - Chemistry@Elmhurst
... Ques. 9. MSG (monosodium glutamate) is used for a meat flavoring agent. Only the L optical isomer is effective. After drawing the mirror image, explain why the D isomer apparently is unable to react with taste receptor sites on the tongue. ...
... Ques. 9. MSG (monosodium glutamate) is used for a meat flavoring agent. Only the L optical isomer is effective. After drawing the mirror image, explain why the D isomer apparently is unable to react with taste receptor sites on the tongue. ...
Carbohydrate Synthesis 1. Photosynthesis
... Up to this point in the course, the main focus has been the breakdown of metabolites, including carbohydrates, lipids and amino acids. The primary purpose of these pathways is to extract energy in useable form with the common end product being ATP, the "energy currency" of the cell. In the case of g ...
... Up to this point in the course, the main focus has been the breakdown of metabolites, including carbohydrates, lipids and amino acids. The primary purpose of these pathways is to extract energy in useable form with the common end product being ATP, the "energy currency" of the cell. In the case of g ...
slides#8 - DENTISTRY 2012
... Glycogen Storage Diseases This presents with lactic acidosis, neurological dysfunction (seizures, hypotonia, coma) It is a defect in the first step of gluconeogenesis which is the production of oxaloacetate from pyruvate. In addition to the effect on gluconeogenesis, lack of oxaloacetate affect ...
... Glycogen Storage Diseases This presents with lactic acidosis, neurological dysfunction (seizures, hypotonia, coma) It is a defect in the first step of gluconeogenesis which is the production of oxaloacetate from pyruvate. In addition to the effect on gluconeogenesis, lack of oxaloacetate affect ...
video slide - Human Anatomy
... – Are lipids characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four fused rings ...
... – Are lipids characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four fused rings ...
PPT - Med Study Group
... Glycogen Storage Diseases This presents with lactic acidosis, neurological dysfunction (seizures, hypotonia, coma) It is a defect in the first step of gluconeogenesis which is the production of oxaloacetate from pyruvate. In addition to the effect on gluconeogenesis, lack of oxaloacetate affect ...
... Glycogen Storage Diseases This presents with lactic acidosis, neurological dysfunction (seizures, hypotonia, coma) It is a defect in the first step of gluconeogenesis which is the production of oxaloacetate from pyruvate. In addition to the effect on gluconeogenesis, lack of oxaloacetate affect ...
Evolution of Amino Acid Metabolism Inferred through Cladistic
... In 1945 Horowitz (14) postulated that the earliest biosynthetic pathways evolved in a backward direction if life began in a rich soup of organic molecules. If primitive cells were using a particular external nutrient, soon this organic molecule would be depleted in the environment. A selective advan ...
... In 1945 Horowitz (14) postulated that the earliest biosynthetic pathways evolved in a backward direction if life began in a rich soup of organic molecules. If primitive cells were using a particular external nutrient, soon this organic molecule would be depleted in the environment. A selective advan ...
U4L23 starvation - The University of Sydney
... • The brain needs ~120g/day, • Substrates for gluconeogenesis – ~30g glucose from glycerol per day – Glucose from lactate is just recycling – Alanine from muscle/tissue proteolysis • Would need to provide 90 g/day • Or 180 g protein per day, just for the brain ...
... • The brain needs ~120g/day, • Substrates for gluconeogenesis – ~30g glucose from glycerol per day – Glucose from lactate is just recycling – Alanine from muscle/tissue proteolysis • Would need to provide 90 g/day • Or 180 g protein per day, just for the brain ...
Immobilised Enzymes
... fixed to fit the substrate. When the substrate enters the active site it causes (or induces) it to change shape slightly. The enzyme then fits more precisely around the substrate this is known as the Induced Fit Model of enzyme action. ...
... fixed to fit the substrate. When the substrate enters the active site it causes (or induces) it to change shape slightly. The enzyme then fits more precisely around the substrate this is known as the Induced Fit Model of enzyme action. ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.