Ch 43-45 PPT
... 1) B cells – made in the bone marrow, binds to antigens (specific) antibodies = proteins, specific to an antigen, video Y shaped, bind to antigens, then phagocytes engulf ...
... 1) B cells – made in the bone marrow, binds to antigens (specific) antibodies = proteins, specific to an antigen, video Y shaped, bind to antigens, then phagocytes engulf ...
Freeman 1e: How we got there
... Presentation of Antigen to T Lymphocytes • T cells recognize antigens presented by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) or by pathogen-infected cells. • At the molecular level, TCRs bind peptide antigens presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins. Class I MHC proteins are found on the ...
... Presentation of Antigen to T Lymphocytes • T cells recognize antigens presented by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) or by pathogen-infected cells. • At the molecular level, TCRs bind peptide antigens presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins. Class I MHC proteins are found on the ...
Lecture 14-Carbohydrate recognition in cell adhesion and signalling
... • The rolling process requires a precise balance between the making and breaking of contacts between the leucocyte and endothelium • The rate constants for ligand binding (kon) and release (koff) are rapid ...
... • The rolling process requires a precise balance between the making and breaking of contacts between the leucocyte and endothelium • The rate constants for ligand binding (kon) and release (koff) are rapid ...
Document
... 9. Assume that you had mice with mutations that diminished the function of the proteins listed below. For each, identify and explain whether lymphocyte extravasation, homing and/or immune responses would be affected. A. ICAM, a protein required for cell-to-cell adhesion ...
... 9. Assume that you had mice with mutations that diminished the function of the proteins listed below. For each, identify and explain whether lymphocyte extravasation, homing and/or immune responses would be affected. A. ICAM, a protein required for cell-to-cell adhesion ...
Immunity AIM: How does the immune system protect the body
... a. destruction of infectious agents by white blood cells b. production of antibodies by white blood cells c. increased production of white blood cells d. production of pathogens by white blood cells ...
... a. destruction of infectious agents by white blood cells b. production of antibodies by white blood cells c. increased production of white blood cells d. production of pathogens by white blood cells ...
Immunoregulation How the immune system maintains the delicate
... • Autoimmunity was observed at an unexpected high frequency in some manipulated animals: a. thymectomized mice b. cytokine or cytokine receptor gene knockout mice (e.g. IL-2, IL-2Rb knockout) ...
... • Autoimmunity was observed at an unexpected high frequency in some manipulated animals: a. thymectomized mice b. cytokine or cytokine receptor gene knockout mice (e.g. IL-2, IL-2Rb knockout) ...
Document
... Mutations occur throughout the V domain - especially CDR Occurs on both gene copies - but only one expresses protein AID - Activation induced Cytidine Deaminase UNG - Uracil-DNA glycosylase ...
... Mutations occur throughout the V domain - especially CDR Occurs on both gene copies - but only one expresses protein AID - Activation induced Cytidine Deaminase UNG - Uracil-DNA glycosylase ...
The Lymphatic System
... Helper T cells – stimulate T cells and B cells Suppressor T cells – inhibit T cells and B cells B cells -bone marrow derived (10-15% circ. Lymphocytes) Plasma cells – secrete antibodies (immunoglobulins) Antibodies bind to antigens NK cells natural killer cells (5-10% circulating lymphocytes ...
... Helper T cells – stimulate T cells and B cells Suppressor T cells – inhibit T cells and B cells B cells -bone marrow derived (10-15% circ. Lymphocytes) Plasma cells – secrete antibodies (immunoglobulins) Antibodies bind to antigens NK cells natural killer cells (5-10% circulating lymphocytes ...
Powerpoint 5
... • T-cytotoxic (TC )cells recognize antigens on virus-infected host cells and tumor cells through antigen-specific TCRs. • Antigen-specific recognition triggers killing via perforin and granzymes. • Natural killer (NK) cells use the same effectors to kill virus-infected cells and tumors. However, NK ...
... • T-cytotoxic (TC )cells recognize antigens on virus-infected host cells and tumor cells through antigen-specific TCRs. • Antigen-specific recognition triggers killing via perforin and granzymes. • Natural killer (NK) cells use the same effectors to kill virus-infected cells and tumors. However, NK ...
Host Microbe Interations
... 2- M proteins found in strains of Streptococcus pyogenes also inactivate the C3b complement component. 3- Fc receptors found on the surface of Staphylococcus and Streptococcus bind to the fc region of an antibody preventing it from binding correctly! ...
... 2- M proteins found in strains of Streptococcus pyogenes also inactivate the C3b complement component. 3- Fc receptors found on the surface of Staphylococcus and Streptococcus bind to the fc region of an antibody preventing it from binding correctly! ...
Presentation1
... • The lymphatic system is a network of tissues and organs that primarily consists of lymph vessels, lymph nodes and lymph. The tonsils, adenoids, spleen and thymus are all part of the lymphatic system. • The human circulatory system processes an average of 20 liters of blood per day through the capi ...
... • The lymphatic system is a network of tissues and organs that primarily consists of lymph vessels, lymph nodes and lymph. The tonsils, adenoids, spleen and thymus are all part of the lymphatic system. • The human circulatory system processes an average of 20 liters of blood per day through the capi ...
Слайд 1 - sechenov.ru
... vasoactive and spasmogenic substances that act on vessels and smooth muscle and proinflammatory cytokins that recruit inflammatory cells TYPE II : humoral antibodies participate directly in injuring cells by predisposing them to phagocytosis or lysis. TYPE III : immune complex diseases in which humo ...
... vasoactive and spasmogenic substances that act on vessels and smooth muscle and proinflammatory cytokins that recruit inflammatory cells TYPE II : humoral antibodies participate directly in injuring cells by predisposing them to phagocytosis or lysis. TYPE III : immune complex diseases in which humo ...
B217F12Unit2Chapt05t..
... • Endothelial cell lining (of blood vessels) – prevents blood clotting normally - during inflammation allows leukocyte migration • Platelets - activation results in degranulation (release of serotonin) and to stop bleeding ...
... • Endothelial cell lining (of blood vessels) – prevents blood clotting normally - during inflammation allows leukocyte migration • Platelets - activation results in degranulation (release of serotonin) and to stop bleeding ...
Document
... ___________________________if the same pathogen enters the body again. Another type of T cell, called suppressor T cells, inhibits the immune response once an infection is under control. They may also be involved in preventing autoimmune diseases. Although cytotoxic T cells are ___________________in ...
... ___________________________if the same pathogen enters the body again. Another type of T cell, called suppressor T cells, inhibits the immune response once an infection is under control. They may also be involved in preventing autoimmune diseases. Although cytotoxic T cells are ___________________in ...
Cells and Organs Of Lymphoid System
... - the medulla, where they learn to discriminate between self and nonself during fetal development and for a short time after birth. T cells leave the medulla to enter the peripheral blood circulation, through which they are transported to the secondary lymphoid organs ...
... - the medulla, where they learn to discriminate between self and nonself during fetal development and for a short time after birth. T cells leave the medulla to enter the peripheral blood circulation, through which they are transported to the secondary lymphoid organs ...
Adaptive Immune System
... Zimmerman A. - Immune System: Diseases, Disorders & Function. Live Science. Weblog. Available from http://www.livescience.com/26579-immune-system.html [Accessed 26th Sept 2016]. ...
... Zimmerman A. - Immune System: Diseases, Disorders & Function. Live Science. Weblog. Available from http://www.livescience.com/26579-immune-system.html [Accessed 26th Sept 2016]. ...
Introduction to Blood
... damaged and dead host cells and serve to eliminate these cells and to initiate the process of tissue repair. • Innate immunity to microbes stimulates adaptive immune responses and can influence the nature of the adaptive responses to make them optimally effective against different types of microbes. ...
... damaged and dead host cells and serve to eliminate these cells and to initiate the process of tissue repair. • Innate immunity to microbes stimulates adaptive immune responses and can influence the nature of the adaptive responses to make them optimally effective against different types of microbes. ...
Objectives 1. Briefly describe the cellular and humoral components
... exogenous antigens. Besides dendritic cells (not to be confused with cells of nervous tissue) and all monocyte‐derived cells, “professional” APCs include the epithelial reticular cells of the thymus and B lymphocytes. During inflammation transient expression of MHC class I ...
... exogenous antigens. Besides dendritic cells (not to be confused with cells of nervous tissue) and all monocyte‐derived cells, “professional” APCs include the epithelial reticular cells of the thymus and B lymphocytes. During inflammation transient expression of MHC class I ...
Connective tissue proper There are three major components of
... Lysosomes numerous fold or finger like projection of the cell membrane & cytoplasm are the structures indicative of the phagocytic capability of the cell. Macrophage function is phagocytosis of either bacteria or virus cell debris. Also they play a role in immune reaction by presenting lymphocyt ...
... Lysosomes numerous fold or finger like projection of the cell membrane & cytoplasm are the structures indicative of the phagocytic capability of the cell. Macrophage function is phagocytosis of either bacteria or virus cell debris. Also they play a role in immune reaction by presenting lymphocyt ...
Phagocyte
Phagocytes are cells that protect the body by ingesting (phagocytosing) harmful foreign particles, bacteria, and dead or dying cells. Their name comes from the Greek phagein, ""to eat"" or ""devour"", and ""-cyte"", the suffix in biology denoting ""cell"", from the Greek kutos, ""hollow vessel"". They are essential for fighting infections and for subsequent immunity. Phagocytes are important throughout the animal kingdom and are highly developed within vertebrates. One litre of human blood contains about six billion phagocytes. They were first discovered in 1882 by Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov while he was studying starfish larvae. Mechnikov was awarded the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery. Phagocytes occur in many species; some amoebae behave like macrophage phagocytes, which suggests that phagocytes appeared early in the evolution of life.Phagocytes of humans and other animals are called ""professional"" or ""non-professional"" depending on how effective they are at phagocytosis. The professional phagocytes include many types of white blood cells (such as neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, mast cells, and dendritic cells). The main difference between professional and non-professional phagocytes is that the professional phagocytes have molecules called receptors on their surfaces that can detect harmful objects, such as bacteria, that are not normally found in the body. Phagocytes are crucial in fighting infections, as well as in maintaining healthy tissues by removing dead and dying cells that have reached the end of their lifespan.During an infection, chemical signals attract phagocytes to places where the pathogen has invaded the body. These chemicals may come from bacteria or from other phagocytes already present. The phagocytes move by a method called chemotaxis. When phagocytes come into contact with bacteria, the receptors on the phagocyte's surface will bind to them. This binding will lead to the engulfing of the bacteria by the phagocyte. Some phagocytes kill the ingested pathogen with oxidants and nitric oxide. After phagocytosis, macrophages and dendritic cells can also participate in antigen presentation, a process in which a phagocyte moves parts of the ingested material back to its surface. This material is then displayed to other cells of the immune system. Some phagocytes then travel to the body's lymph nodes and display the material to white blood cells called lymphocytes. This process is important in building immunity, and many pathogens have evolved methods to evade attacks by phagocytes.