Hantavirus Reservoirs: Current Status with an
... approaches have been widely used to define these groups [70–75] thereby shedding new light on their nature and limits [76]. Some rodents of the subfamily Sigmodontinae have generalist living habits; they are able to occupy a wide range of habitats, which makes them able to adapt to the conditions of ...
... approaches have been widely used to define these groups [70–75] thereby shedding new light on their nature and limits [76]. Some rodents of the subfamily Sigmodontinae have generalist living habits; they are able to occupy a wide range of habitats, which makes them able to adapt to the conditions of ...
Genetic and Biochemical Analyses of the Flaviviridae Capsid Proteins
... recent years by the HIV pandemic, the spread of West Nile virus to new environments, the emergence of severe-acute respiratory syndrome, and by increasing incidences of avian influenza virus transmission to humans. Numerous pathogens of immense human and agricultural impact are encompassed within th ...
... recent years by the HIV pandemic, the spread of West Nile virus to new environments, the emergence of severe-acute respiratory syndrome, and by increasing incidences of avian influenza virus transmission to humans. Numerous pathogens of immense human and agricultural impact are encompassed within th ...
Avian reovirus infections
... Strains of avian reoviruses have been differentiated by cross neutralisation tests conducted in eggs or cell culture (40). The strain S I 133 isolated in the USA is the basis of many commercial vaccines and appears widespread throughout the world, although many regional variants exist. Recently, str ...
... Strains of avian reoviruses have been differentiated by cross neutralisation tests conducted in eggs or cell culture (40). The strain S I 133 isolated in the USA is the basis of many commercial vaccines and appears widespread throughout the world, although many regional variants exist. Recently, str ...
Diseases of eels in an international perspective: Workshop on Eel
... loss, migration barriers, and chemical pollution, and/or a combination of these factors. Infec- ...
... loss, migration barriers, and chemical pollution, and/or a combination of these factors. Infec- ...
Hepatitis A virus - Food Standards Australia New Zealand
... Croci et al. (2002) demonstrated that when fresh produce was stored at 4 °C HAV survived and remained infective on carrots for 4 days, fennel for 7 days and on lettuce for the study duration of 9 days. The differing survival rates observed on fresh produce may be due to the difference in surface tex ...
... Croci et al. (2002) demonstrated that when fresh produce was stored at 4 °C HAV survived and remained infective on carrots for 4 days, fennel for 7 days and on lettuce for the study duration of 9 days. The differing survival rates observed on fresh produce may be due to the difference in surface tex ...
Viral Hepatitis: The Basics
... proteins that make up the virus, and for HBV antibodies that the immune system creates to attack the antigens. These include the surface antigen (HBsAg), which makes up the covering of the virus, and the “e” antigen (HBeAg). When a person does develop surface antibodies, it means he or she has clear ...
... proteins that make up the virus, and for HBV antibodies that the immune system creates to attack the antigens. These include the surface antigen (HBsAg), which makes up the covering of the virus, and the “e” antigen (HBeAg). When a person does develop surface antibodies, it means he or she has clear ...
Table of Contents - Nationale Forschungsplattform für Zoonosen
... abstracts for oral or poster presentations! Renowned speakers complete the programme and will give plenary talks concerning current issues. We would like to encourage all participants to pay close attention to the poster sessions offering the opportunity to initiate the scientific information exchan ...
... abstracts for oral or poster presentations! Renowned speakers complete the programme and will give plenary talks concerning current issues. We would like to encourage all participants to pay close attention to the poster sessions offering the opportunity to initiate the scientific information exchan ...
Smallpox - Columbia University
... • Smallpox vaccine is made from live vaccinia virus and does not contain variola virus, the virus that causes smallpox. Vaccinia virus is a member of the orthopox virus family. • Vaccination is performed using a bifurcated needle. A sterile needle with a droplet of vaccine held by a capillary, is he ...
... • Smallpox vaccine is made from live vaccinia virus and does not contain variola virus, the virus that causes smallpox. Vaccinia virus is a member of the orthopox virus family. • Vaccination is performed using a bifurcated needle. A sterile needle with a droplet of vaccine held by a capillary, is he ...
Interpretation of Viral Hepatitis Laboratory Test Results (CP012A
... immunity to at least one sub-type of hepatitis B. An HBV viral load exceeding 2000 IU/mL in an antiHBe positive chronic hepatitis B carrier, calls for referral to a hepatitis specialist. Page 1 of 2 ...
... immunity to at least one sub-type of hepatitis B. An HBV viral load exceeding 2000 IU/mL in an antiHBe positive chronic hepatitis B carrier, calls for referral to a hepatitis specialist. Page 1 of 2 ...
VIRAL HEPATITIS: CAUSES, DIAGNOSIS, AND TREATMENT
... first present and decline after 3 to 6 months; next immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies appear and may remain for years after infection. The presence of IgG anti-HAV without IgM indicates a past infection and the presence of IgM anti-HAV indicates an acute infection. Another way to detect acute infect ...
... first present and decline after 3 to 6 months; next immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies appear and may remain for years after infection. The presence of IgG anti-HAV without IgM indicates a past infection and the presence of IgM anti-HAV indicates an acute infection. Another way to detect acute infect ...
PDF
... from four weeks after their inoculation and all of them avoided inoculated individuals at six to eight weeks after inoculation (Fig. 1c). Other evidence (our unpublished results) indicates that avoidance of diseased conspecifics may act powerfully against the spread of disease in the wild. Laborator ...
... from four weeks after their inoculation and all of them avoided inoculated individuals at six to eight weeks after inoculation (Fig. 1c). Other evidence (our unpublished results) indicates that avoidance of diseased conspecifics may act powerfully against the spread of disease in the wild. Laborator ...
High-level expression of recombinant dengue
... are prepared from dengue viruses-infected mouse brain or cultured cells and are extracted by acetone-sucrose gradient. Not only are these procedures laborious and unsafe, they may also result in differences in batch quality. The ability to produce recombinant antigens raises the question of whether ...
... are prepared from dengue viruses-infected mouse brain or cultured cells and are extracted by acetone-sucrose gradient. Not only are these procedures laborious and unsafe, they may also result in differences in batch quality. The ability to produce recombinant antigens raises the question of whether ...
English (PDF/6469KB) - Fort Valley State University
... From a dead animal One of the most frequently asked questions is, “What samples should I collect in order for the laboratory to be able to diagnose a specific disease?” Although many diseases are diagnosed based on specific tissues, what happens when it turns out that the animal doesn’t have that ...
... From a dead animal One of the most frequently asked questions is, “What samples should I collect in order for the laboratory to be able to diagnose a specific disease?” Although many diseases are diagnosed based on specific tissues, what happens when it turns out that the animal doesn’t have that ...
人感染猪H1N1流感病毒 - 中国疾病预防控制中心应用门户
... A(H1N1) viruses increased significantly for the first time worldwide. Early surveillance data suggest that the prevalence of oseltamivir resistance among A(H1N1) viruses will most likely be higher during the 2008-2009 season. OBJECTIVES: To describe patients infected with oseltamivir-resistant influ ...
... A(H1N1) viruses increased significantly for the first time worldwide. Early surveillance data suggest that the prevalence of oseltamivir resistance among A(H1N1) viruses will most likely be higher during the 2008-2009 season. OBJECTIVES: To describe patients infected with oseltamivir-resistant influ ...
pathology of the rabbit
... contraction. The right atrioventricular valve is bicuspid instead of tricuspid. Rabbits are hind gut fermenters with a large and complex digestive system. They practice cecotrophy, which is the ingestion of mucous-coated night feces. Cecotrophy occurs daily, and is a method of recycling nutrients su ...
... contraction. The right atrioventricular valve is bicuspid instead of tricuspid. Rabbits are hind gut fermenters with a large and complex digestive system. They practice cecotrophy, which is the ingestion of mucous-coated night feces. Cecotrophy occurs daily, and is a method of recycling nutrients su ...
Virus isolation (CSFV/BDV/BVDV)
... This form should be used by an OIE Reference Laboratory to report activities that took place from January through December of the past year (2012), unless otherwise stated, and must be submitted by the end of January every year. Only those activities that concern the disease (or topic) for which the ...
... This form should be used by an OIE Reference Laboratory to report activities that took place from January through December of the past year (2012), unless otherwise stated, and must be submitted by the end of January every year. Only those activities that concern the disease (or topic) for which the ...
“Toxoplasmosis, Cytomegalovirus infection, Herpes simplex I, II types”.
... moisture, each sporocyst matures into four sporozoites. For about 2 wk the cat excretes 105 -107 oocysts/day, which, in a suitable environment, may retain their viability for a year or more. Oocysts sporulate 1-5 days after excretion and are then infectious. Oocysts are killed by drying, boiling, an ...
... moisture, each sporocyst matures into four sporozoites. For about 2 wk the cat excretes 105 -107 oocysts/day, which, in a suitable environment, may retain their viability for a year or more. Oocysts sporulate 1-5 days after excretion and are then infectious. Oocysts are killed by drying, boiling, an ...
Nucleotide sequence and genome structure of grapevine rupestris
... RSPaV-1 GenBank accession number : AF057136. ...
... RSPaV-1 GenBank accession number : AF057136. ...
A virus behind the mask of prions?
... preparations [42]. This requires only a simple and rapid RT-PCR test with the primers already described [3]. The preparative recovery of infectivity also seems to be quite poor (~0.1% of the starting brain infectivity) because “500 ml” of a 10% 263K infected brain homogenate should have a total > 10 ...
... preparations [42]. This requires only a simple and rapid RT-PCR test with the primers already described [3]. The preparative recovery of infectivity also seems to be quite poor (~0.1% of the starting brain infectivity) because “500 ml” of a 10% 263K infected brain homogenate should have a total > 10 ...
ICD-9 Codes - Medical Diagnostic Laboratories
... To avoid unwarranted denials, requisitions must include all medically appropriate ICD-9 diagnosis codes. ICD-9 diagnosis codes are required by all third party payors to confirm the medical necessity of the test(s) and/or profile(s) ordered. The codes listed below are some of the most commonly receiv ...
... To avoid unwarranted denials, requisitions must include all medically appropriate ICD-9 diagnosis codes. ICD-9 diagnosis codes are required by all third party payors to confirm the medical necessity of the test(s) and/or profile(s) ordered. The codes listed below are some of the most commonly receiv ...
EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS INFECTIONS
... The heterophile test is used for the diagnosis of IM in children and adults. A titer of 40-fold or greater is diagnostic of acute EBV infection in a patient who has symptoms compatible with IM and atypical lymphocytes. Tests for heterophile antibodies are positive in 40% of patients with IM during t ...
... The heterophile test is used for the diagnosis of IM in children and adults. A titer of 40-fold or greater is diagnostic of acute EBV infection in a patient who has symptoms compatible with IM and atypical lymphocytes. Tests for heterophile antibodies are positive in 40% of patients with IM during t ...
OIE Terrestrial Manual
... antigens, these are preferred targets of influenza A group serological methods. Agar gel immunodiffusion tests can be used to detect antibodies to these antigens. Concentrated virus preparations containing either or both type of antigens are used in such tests. Not all species of birds develop demon ...
... antigens, these are preferred targets of influenza A group serological methods. Agar gel immunodiffusion tests can be used to detect antibodies to these antigens. Concentrated virus preparations containing either or both type of antigens are used in such tests. Not all species of birds develop demon ...
Cell-mediated immune responses in cattle
... This may have necessitated cutting thru an image and duplicating adjacent pggss to insure yci: complets continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a large round black mark, it is an indication that the photographer suspected that the copy may have moved during exposure and thus cau ...
... This may have necessitated cutting thru an image and duplicating adjacent pggss to insure yci: complets continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a large round black mark, it is an indication that the photographer suspected that the copy may have moved during exposure and thus cau ...
Using ICR and SCID mice as animal models for smallpox to assess
... vaccines (Marennikova & Shchelkunov, 2005) can be harmful for individuals with immune system pathologies, and their efficacy can differ from that in individuals without this pathology. The number of people with suppressed immune system function is growing annually due to deteriorating environmental ...
... vaccines (Marennikova & Shchelkunov, 2005) can be harmful for individuals with immune system pathologies, and their efficacy can differ from that in individuals without this pathology. The number of people with suppressed immune system function is growing annually due to deteriorating environmental ...
Filamentous influenza viruses
... In this review we summarize seven decades of work on influenza virus filaments, with a particular emphasis on recent structural and molecular biology studies. We also discuss possible functions of this often-neglected trait in the virus life cycle. ...
... In this review we summarize seven decades of work on influenza virus filaments, with a particular emphasis on recent structural and molecular biology studies. We also discuss possible functions of this often-neglected trait in the virus life cycle. ...
Taura syndrome
Taura syndrome is one of the more devastating diseases affecting the shrimp farming industry worldwide.Taura syndrome (TS) was first described in Ecuador during the summer of 1992. In March 1993, it returned as a major epidemic and was the object of extensive media coverage. Retrospective studies have suggested a case of Taura syndrome might have occurred on a shrimp farm in Colombia as early as 1990 and the virus was already present in Ecuador in mid-1991. Between 1992 and 1997, the disease spread to all major regions of the Americas where whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is cultured. The economic impact of TS in the Americas during that period might have exceeded US$ 2 billion by some estimates.