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... What’s so great about a little Cell? Relating Cell Structure to Function in the Immune System ...
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Using In Vivo Expression Technology to

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The Hallmarks of Cancer - Roswell Park Cancer Institute

... • Oncogenes – mutated forms of normal cellular genes generally involved in promoting cell proliferation. These mutations result in dominant gain of function. • Tumor Suppressor genes – genes whose normal function in regulating proliferation is to stop it. Mutation results in recessive loss of funct ...
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General pathology Introduction : Pathology is a Greek word

... A- Hematology: study diseases of the blood, as well as effects of other disease on the blood. B- Chemical pathology: study the disease from perspective of biochemical abnormalities. C- Immunology: study primary diseases of immune system, as well as the effects of other diseases on the immune system. ...
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... (Slide #47) _________________________________ requires T cell binding to additional surface receptors on an APC. ____________________________ such as _________________________ 1 and 2 from APCs or T cells trigger _________________________ and _________________________ of the activated T cell. What c ...
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Kuby Immunology 6/e - Dr. Jennifer Capers, PhD

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Chapter 22 - FacultyWeb

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Monoclonal Antibodies - The Grange School Blogs

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Chapter 17 Adaptive Immunity

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Immunomics

Immunomics is the study of immune system regulation and response to pathogens using genome-wide approaches. With the rise of genomic and proteomic technologies, scientists have been able to visualize biological networks and infer interrelationships between genes and/or proteins; recently, these technologies have been used to help better understand how the immune system functions and how it is regulated. Two thirds of the genome is active in one or more immune cell types and less than 1% of genes are uniquely expressed in a given type of cell. Therefore, it is critical that the expression patterns of these immune cell types be deciphered in the context of a network, and not as an individual, so that their roles be correctly characterized and related to one another. Defects of the immune system such as autoimmune diseases, immunodeficiency, and malignancies can benefit from genomic insights on pathological processes. For example, analyzing the systematic variation of gene expression can relate these patterns with specific diseases and gene networks important for immune functions.Traditionally, scientists studying the immune system have had to search for antigens on an individual basis and identify the protein sequence of these antigens (“epitopes”) that would stimulate an immune response. This procedure required that antigens be isolated from whole cells, digested into smaller fragments, and tested against T- and B-cells to observe T- and B- cell responses. These classical approaches could only visualize this system as a static condition and required a large amount of time and labor.Immunomics has made this approach easier by its ability to look at the immune system as a whole and characterize it as a dynamic model. It has revealed that some of the immune system’s most distinguishing features are the continuous motility, turnover, and plasticity of its constituent cells. In addition, current genomic technologies, like microarrays, can capture immune system gene expression over time and can trace interactions of microorganisms with cells of the innate immune system. New, proteomic approaches, including T-cell and B-cells-epitope mapping, can also accelerate the pace at which scientists discover antibody-antigen relationships.
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