细胞因子
... Extremely potent, acting at pM or fM The production is transient and tightly regulated Autocrine, paracrine or endocrine ...
... Extremely potent, acting at pM or fM The production is transient and tightly regulated Autocrine, paracrine or endocrine ...
Pathogens, Disease and Defense Against Disease
... and translating the viral DNA and more viruses are produced that enter into the bloodstream – proliferating viruses eventually kill the host helper T cell – as the number of helper T cells decline, the lymphocytes are no longer signaled to act during an invasion and the victim no longer produces suf ...
... and translating the viral DNA and more viruses are produced that enter into the bloodstream – proliferating viruses eventually kill the host helper T cell – as the number of helper T cells decline, the lymphocytes are no longer signaled to act during an invasion and the victim no longer produces suf ...
Immune System Basics - Wayzata Public Schools
... More antibodies than the 2nd exposure Fewer antibodies than the 2nd exposure No antibodies The same number of antibodies than the ...
... More antibodies than the 2nd exposure Fewer antibodies than the 2nd exposure No antibodies The same number of antibodies than the ...
B-LYMPHOCYTES
... VARIABLE REGION OF ANTIBODIES •At the tip of the arms of the Y-shape. •Variable region has the potential to bind with particular classes of antigens. •Once a raw antibody is stimulated to fit to a specific antigen, it can then react with ONLY that antigen. This is known as SINGLE SPECIFICITY. •Can ...
... VARIABLE REGION OF ANTIBODIES •At the tip of the arms of the Y-shape. •Variable region has the potential to bind with particular classes of antigens. •Once a raw antibody is stimulated to fit to a specific antigen, it can then react with ONLY that antigen. This is known as SINGLE SPECIFICITY. •Can ...
Bacterial Pathogenesis I
... a. Antibiotics are originally from natural products (selected in nature from the competition between microbes, like Penicillin, for example). b. Antibiotics block essential microbial-specific functions (like DNA replication, protein synthesis, cell wall synthesis, etc.). c. Antibiotic resistance com ...
... a. Antibiotics are originally from natural products (selected in nature from the competition between microbes, like Penicillin, for example). b. Antibiotics block essential microbial-specific functions (like DNA replication, protein synthesis, cell wall synthesis, etc.). c. Antibiotic resistance com ...
Monoclonal%20antibod..
... According to differences in their heavy chain constant domains, immunoglobulins are grouped into five classes, or isotypes: IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, and IgE. IgG: IgG1 (66%), IgG2 (23%), IgG3 (7%) and IgG4 (4%) , blood and tissue liquid. IgA:IgA1 (90%) and IgA2 (10%), stomach and intestines ...
... According to differences in their heavy chain constant domains, immunoglobulins are grouped into five classes, or isotypes: IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, and IgE. IgG: IgG1 (66%), IgG2 (23%), IgG3 (7%) and IgG4 (4%) , blood and tissue liquid. IgA:IgA1 (90%) and IgA2 (10%), stomach and intestines ...
Laudatio for Adrian Liston
... Eppendorf Young Investigator Award, Dr. Adrian Liston, is focusing on. Before Adrian tells you more about his work, I briefly want to introduce him to you. Adrian is an Australian who graduated from Adelaide University and then moved to Canberra where he did his PhD work with Chris Goodnow at the Au ...
... Eppendorf Young Investigator Award, Dr. Adrian Liston, is focusing on. Before Adrian tells you more about his work, I briefly want to introduce him to you. Adrian is an Australian who graduated from Adelaide University and then moved to Canberra where he did his PhD work with Chris Goodnow at the Au ...
lymphatic system
... neighboring cells and binds to surface receptors, inducing uninfected cells to synthesize antiviral proteins that interfere with or inhibit viral replication. – INFs also enhance the activity of phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells, inhibit cell growth, and suppress tumor formation; they may hol ...
... neighboring cells and binds to surface receptors, inducing uninfected cells to synthesize antiviral proteins that interfere with or inhibit viral replication. – INFs also enhance the activity of phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells, inhibit cell growth, and suppress tumor formation; they may hol ...
Immunology - Mosaiced.org
... infection by release of soluble mediators (they develop from monocytes) such as cytokines. The macrophage expresses receptors for many bacterial constituents. Bacteria binding to macrophage receptors initiate a response release of cytokine. Macrophages engulf and digest bacteria to which they bind. ...
... infection by release of soluble mediators (they develop from monocytes) such as cytokines. The macrophage expresses receptors for many bacterial constituents. Bacteria binding to macrophage receptors initiate a response release of cytokine. Macrophages engulf and digest bacteria to which they bind. ...
White 1: Blood Information
... Have specific antigen receptors that will bind to cells infected by certain antigens. Once they bind they will send a chemical signal to other cells to come help destroy the cell. ...
... Have specific antigen receptors that will bind to cells infected by certain antigens. Once they bind they will send a chemical signal to other cells to come help destroy the cell. ...
Lecture 2: Immunology of Fish and Shrimp
... Differentiates between “self” and “non-self” Works with several types of white blood cells, located throughout the body, that work together in a highly integrated way ...
... Differentiates between “self” and “non-self” Works with several types of white blood cells, located throughout the body, that work together in a highly integrated way ...
How Microorganisms Cause Disease - Pandem-Sim
... that are specific to the pathogen. This is why you develop a rash from the measles virus (a single stranded RNA virus of Morbillivirus genus) or why your throat hurts so much when you have strep throat (Streptococcus pyogenes). Each pathogen attacks specific cells that disrupt processes which then ...
... that are specific to the pathogen. This is why you develop a rash from the measles virus (a single stranded RNA virus of Morbillivirus genus) or why your throat hurts so much when you have strep throat (Streptococcus pyogenes). Each pathogen attacks specific cells that disrupt processes which then ...
8 Immunology
... When recognition occurs, the B cell, with the help of Th cell cytokines, begins to secrete antibodies in soluble form The B cell also undergoes clonal expansion; repeated rounds of cell division The process includes mutations in the antibody genes of the daughter cells that leads to antibodies with ...
... When recognition occurs, the B cell, with the help of Th cell cytokines, begins to secrete antibodies in soluble form The B cell also undergoes clonal expansion; repeated rounds of cell division The process includes mutations in the antibody genes of the daughter cells that leads to antibodies with ...
Immunology Cells and organs of the Immune System
... Particularly useful in eradicating pathogenic bacteria Activated macrophages can kill intracellular pathogens that would normally divide in a non-activated macrophage Mycobacterium leprae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Listeria monocytogenes. Activated macrophages also kill foreign mammalian cells ...
... Particularly useful in eradicating pathogenic bacteria Activated macrophages can kill intracellular pathogens that would normally divide in a non-activated macrophage Mycobacterium leprae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Listeria monocytogenes. Activated macrophages also kill foreign mammalian cells ...
Chapter 51
... – This is important to bring leukocytes and lymphocytes to area of injury where pathogens could have entered – Promote phagocyte accumulation – Hallmark signs: ...
... – This is important to bring leukocytes and lymphocytes to area of injury where pathogens could have entered – Promote phagocyte accumulation – Hallmark signs: ...
Cells
... and functional similarities to mast cells. • Like other granulocytes, basophils are derived from bone marrow progenitors (a lineage different from that of mast cells), mature in the bone marrow, and circulate in the blood. • Although they are normally not present in tissues, basophils may be recruit ...
... and functional similarities to mast cells. • Like other granulocytes, basophils are derived from bone marrow progenitors (a lineage different from that of mast cells), mature in the bone marrow, and circulate in the blood. • Although they are normally not present in tissues, basophils may be recruit ...
ACQUIRED (SECONDARY) IMMUNODEFICIENCIES
... Pathogenesis of HIV Infection and AIDS HIV disease begins with acute infection, which is only partly controlled by the adaptive immune response, and advances to chronic progressive infection of peripheral lymphoid tissues Acute (early) infection is characterized by infection of memory CD4+ T c ...
... Pathogenesis of HIV Infection and AIDS HIV disease begins with acute infection, which is only partly controlled by the adaptive immune response, and advances to chronic progressive infection of peripheral lymphoid tissues Acute (early) infection is characterized by infection of memory CD4+ T c ...
Innate immune system
The innate immune system, also known as the nonspecific immune system, is an important subsystem of the overall immune system that comprises the cells and mechanisms that defend the host from infection by other organisms. The cells of the innate system recognize and respond to pathogens in a generic way, but, unlike the adaptive immune system (which is found only in vertebrates), it does not confer long-lasting or protective immunity to the host. Innate immune systems provide immediate defense against infection, and are found in all classes of plant and animal life. They include both humoral immunity components and cell-mediated immunity components.The innate immune system is an evolutionarily older defense strategy, and is the dominant immune system found in plants, fungi, insects, and primitive multicellular organisms.The major functions of the vertebrate innate immune system include: Recruiting immune cells to sites of infection, through the production of chemical factors, including specialized chemical mediators, called cytokines Activation of the complement cascade to identify bacteria, activate cells, and promote clearance of antibody complexes or dead cells The identification and removal of foreign substances present in organs, tissues, the blood and lymph, by specialised white blood cells Activation of the adaptive immune system through a process known as antigen presentation Acting as a physical and chemical barrier to infectious agents.↑ ↑ ↑