Chapter 14 – The Lymphatic System and Immunity
... and for protecting the body against foreign material. Lymph is a specialized fluid which is formed in the tissue spaces = interstitial fluid. Contains excess fluid and protein molecules that cannot enter or return through the capillary ...
... and for protecting the body against foreign material. Lymph is a specialized fluid which is formed in the tissue spaces = interstitial fluid. Contains excess fluid and protein molecules that cannot enter or return through the capillary ...
Sensory and Immune systems
... as the endoplasmic reticulum, an extension of the nucleus where the cell’s proteins are synthesized. The cell body gives rise to two kinds of processes: several short dendrites and one, long, tubular axon. These processes vary in number & relative length but always serve to conduct impulses (with de ...
... as the endoplasmic reticulum, an extension of the nucleus where the cell’s proteins are synthesized. The cell body gives rise to two kinds of processes: several short dendrites and one, long, tubular axon. These processes vary in number & relative length but always serve to conduct impulses (with de ...
Learning Objectives
... response but memory B cells are the main antigen-presenting cells in the secondary response. 26. Explain how antibodies interact with antigens. 27. Diagram and label the structure of an antibody and explain how this structure allows antibodies to (a) recognize and bind to antigens, and (b) assist in ...
... response but memory B cells are the main antigen-presenting cells in the secondary response. 26. Explain how antibodies interact with antigens. 27. Diagram and label the structure of an antibody and explain how this structure allows antibodies to (a) recognize and bind to antigens, and (b) assist in ...
AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES
... expressing self-MHC-I + self-peptide complexes, and attack non-self (altered) complexes. Normally, altered complexes would be the result of infection or transformation of the cell expressing the MHC, that is, the peptide will be non-self. However, transplantation of tissues from a non-MHC-matched do ...
... expressing self-MHC-I + self-peptide complexes, and attack non-self (altered) complexes. Normally, altered complexes would be the result of infection or transformation of the cell expressing the MHC, that is, the peptide will be non-self. However, transplantation of tissues from a non-MHC-matched do ...
TEST immune 2012 markscheme
... leads to clonal selection/formation of B memory cells; B-cells produce specific antibodies; if same pathogen enters body again memory cells activated/stimulated to divide; antibodies produced faster and in greater amounts; ...
... leads to clonal selection/formation of B memory cells; B-cells produce specific antibodies; if same pathogen enters body again memory cells activated/stimulated to divide; antibodies produced faster and in greater amounts; ...
Defense Lecture Study ppt File
... WBCs, and inflammatory chemicals) – Antimicrobial proteins (interferons and complement proteins) ...
... WBCs, and inflammatory chemicals) – Antimicrobial proteins (interferons and complement proteins) ...
What is an Autoimmune Disease?
... attempt to keep your body healthy. The autoimmune response occurs when something goes wrong in your immune system. Your immune system starts to attack your own cells - self rather than non-self. ...
... attempt to keep your body healthy. The autoimmune response occurs when something goes wrong in your immune system. Your immune system starts to attack your own cells - self rather than non-self. ...
Bacteria Virus Protist Fungi Note Sheet
... ▪Viruses are specific to their ________________. They can only attack ________________cells (receptor sites) –Rabies, for instance, can be passed from ________________to human. HIV is a virus that seems specific to ________________. –Influenza is a virus that specifically attacks cells of the ______ ...
... ▪Viruses are specific to their ________________. They can only attack ________________cells (receptor sites) –Rabies, for instance, can be passed from ________________to human. HIV is a virus that seems specific to ________________. –Influenza is a virus that specifically attacks cells of the ______ ...
Current Strategies in HIV-1 Vaccine Development Using
... the virus is present and stimulate immune cells, known as B cells, into making diseasefighting antibodies. Once the immune system detects the infection, B cells bind to the virus and digest it. Once it’s digested, the B cells display pieces of the virus’ protein on their surface. Stimulated by this ...
... the virus is present and stimulate immune cells, known as B cells, into making diseasefighting antibodies. Once the immune system detects the infection, B cells bind to the virus and digest it. Once it’s digested, the B cells display pieces of the virus’ protein on their surface. Stimulated by this ...
T cell receptor
... ● TCRs are heterodimers that either contain alpha/beta chains or delta/gamma chains ● Co-receptors determine the class of MHC molecule the lymphocyte will bind to ● CD8 co-receptors confer preference for class I MHC-peptide complexes (cytotoxic T-cell) ● CD4 co-receptors confer preference for class ...
... ● TCRs are heterodimers that either contain alpha/beta chains or delta/gamma chains ● Co-receptors determine the class of MHC molecule the lymphocyte will bind to ● CD8 co-receptors confer preference for class I MHC-peptide complexes (cytotoxic T-cell) ● CD4 co-receptors confer preference for class ...
Antibodies, B cell, T cell
... • Ultimately, complement proteins generate a membrane attack complex (MAC), which forms a pore in the bacterial membrane, resulting in cell lysis. ...
... • Ultimately, complement proteins generate a membrane attack complex (MAC), which forms a pore in the bacterial membrane, resulting in cell lysis. ...
The Lymphatic System
... Plasma cells – secrete antibodies (immunoglobulins) Antibodies bind to antigens NK cells natural killer cells (5-10% circulating lymphocytes) Attack foreign cells, viral infected cells, and cancer cells ...
... Plasma cells – secrete antibodies (immunoglobulins) Antibodies bind to antigens NK cells natural killer cells (5-10% circulating lymphocytes) Attack foreign cells, viral infected cells, and cancer cells ...
File
... If tissues become damaged or invaded then white blood cells release cytokines into the bloodstream causing an increase in blood flow resulting in white blood cells (phagocytes and T- lymphocytes) accumulating at the site of infection or tissue damage ...
... If tissues become damaged or invaded then white blood cells release cytokines into the bloodstream causing an increase in blood flow resulting in white blood cells (phagocytes and T- lymphocytes) accumulating at the site of infection or tissue damage ...
Mechanism
... cells) or that secrete inflammatory mediators (CD4+ T cells) that cause tissue changes. The reaction is initiated by antigen-specific CD4+ helper T cells, which release numerous immunoregulatory and proinflammatory cytokines into the surrounding tissue. These substances attract antigen - specific an ...
... cells) or that secrete inflammatory mediators (CD4+ T cells) that cause tissue changes. The reaction is initiated by antigen-specific CD4+ helper T cells, which release numerous immunoregulatory and proinflammatory cytokines into the surrounding tissue. These substances attract antigen - specific an ...
File
... During fetal development, ____________ bone marrow releases lymphocytes into circulation, 70-80% of which become ______lymphocytes and the remainder of which become __________ cells). Undifferentiated lymphocytes that reach the thymus become T cells; B cells are thought to mature in the bone marrow. ...
... During fetal development, ____________ bone marrow releases lymphocytes into circulation, 70-80% of which become ______lymphocytes and the remainder of which become __________ cells). Undifferentiated lymphocytes that reach the thymus become T cells; B cells are thought to mature in the bone marrow. ...
Immune Design Announces Treatment of First Patient in Phase 1
... cells in the context of the tumor’s preexisting broad set of antigens to create a robust local and systemic anti-tumor immune response. Preclinical and clinical data have demonstrated the ability of GLA to significantly activate dendritic cells in animal models and to increase antigen dependent humo ...
... cells in the context of the tumor’s preexisting broad set of antigens to create a robust local and systemic anti-tumor immune response. Preclinical and clinical data have demonstrated the ability of GLA to significantly activate dendritic cells in animal models and to increase antigen dependent humo ...
Module 6 Immunology
... Part of secondary immune response This is the only antibody that can cross through the placenta Causes agglutination of pathogens Coats surface of foreign bodies for ingestion by phagocytes Activates complement system ...
... Part of secondary immune response This is the only antibody that can cross through the placenta Causes agglutination of pathogens Coats surface of foreign bodies for ingestion by phagocytes Activates complement system ...
reduced expression of tissue transglutaminase in a human
... reduced the capacity of these cells to bind [lUI]-IFN-y; this was paralleled by decreased upregulation of class I1 MHC antigens by IFN-y stimulated cells that had been pre-treated with chlorate. This indicates that sulphated, negatively charged regions on cell-surface GAGs are involved in both the s ...
... reduced the capacity of these cells to bind [lUI]-IFN-y; this was paralleled by decreased upregulation of class I1 MHC antigens by IFN-y stimulated cells that had been pre-treated with chlorate. This indicates that sulphated, negatively charged regions on cell-surface GAGs are involved in both the s ...
Your Immune System - The School District of Palm Beach County
... that invades the body, a special type of antibody is produced. The first time a germ gets into your body it may make you sick. Your body will detect the invader and produce antibodies for that specific type of germ. The germs are destroyed and you get well. The next time that same kind of germ enter ...
... that invades the body, a special type of antibody is produced. The first time a germ gets into your body it may make you sick. Your body will detect the invader and produce antibodies for that specific type of germ. The germs are destroyed and you get well. The next time that same kind of germ enter ...
Micro 532 Exam 96
... The clonal selection hypothesis proposes that each lymphocyte bears antigen receptors of many different specificities. ...
... The clonal selection hypothesis proposes that each lymphocyte bears antigen receptors of many different specificities. ...
Innate immune system
The innate immune system, also known as the nonspecific immune system, is an important subsystem of the overall immune system that comprises the cells and mechanisms that defend the host from infection by other organisms. The cells of the innate system recognize and respond to pathogens in a generic way, but, unlike the adaptive immune system (which is found only in vertebrates), it does not confer long-lasting or protective immunity to the host. Innate immune systems provide immediate defense against infection, and are found in all classes of plant and animal life. They include both humoral immunity components and cell-mediated immunity components.The innate immune system is an evolutionarily older defense strategy, and is the dominant immune system found in plants, fungi, insects, and primitive multicellular organisms.The major functions of the vertebrate innate immune system include: Recruiting immune cells to sites of infection, through the production of chemical factors, including specialized chemical mediators, called cytokines Activation of the complement cascade to identify bacteria, activate cells, and promote clearance of antibody complexes or dead cells The identification and removal of foreign substances present in organs, tissues, the blood and lymph, by specialised white blood cells Activation of the adaptive immune system through a process known as antigen presentation Acting as a physical and chemical barrier to infectious agents.↑ ↑ ↑