- EBioMedicine
... at the time of vaccination also generated mostly neutralizing antibodies (Scherer et al., 2014). The findings support the possibility that women who are seropositive due to infection might nonetheless benefit from VLP vaccination. However, it is important to note that the authors appropriately caution ...
... at the time of vaccination also generated mostly neutralizing antibodies (Scherer et al., 2014). The findings support the possibility that women who are seropositive due to infection might nonetheless benefit from VLP vaccination. However, it is important to note that the authors appropriately caution ...
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Population Derived from
... Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are being tested in a wide range of human diseases; however, loss of potency and inconsistent quality severely limit their use. To overcome these issues, we have utilized a developmental precursor called the hemangioblast as an intermediate cell type in the derivation o ...
... Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are being tested in a wide range of human diseases; however, loss of potency and inconsistent quality severely limit their use. To overcome these issues, we have utilized a developmental precursor called the hemangioblast as an intermediate cell type in the derivation o ...
Platelet-derived CD154 enables T-cell priming and
... on innate and adaptive immunity such as TGF-, RANTES, P-selectin, CD154, and several chemoattractants.15-17 Because of these attributes, platelets are well poised to constitute another early signaling component in the immune response. Consistent with an early signaling function of platelets, we rep ...
... on innate and adaptive immunity such as TGF-, RANTES, P-selectin, CD154, and several chemoattractants.15-17 Because of these attributes, platelets are well poised to constitute another early signaling component in the immune response. Consistent with an early signaling function of platelets, we rep ...
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... In contrast to the indirect recognition mechanism of the fly Toll, the mammalian Toll-like receptors (TLRs), are activated via direct binding to pathogen-associated molecules [9]. An oligomer complex similar to Drosophila MyD88, Tube and Pelle is utilized during mammalian TLR signaling: IRAK4 and IR ...
... In contrast to the indirect recognition mechanism of the fly Toll, the mammalian Toll-like receptors (TLRs), are activated via direct binding to pathogen-associated molecules [9]. An oligomer complex similar to Drosophila MyD88, Tube and Pelle is utilized during mammalian TLR signaling: IRAK4 and IR ...
African trypanosomiasis vaccine II 15-9-2012
... macrophages play a predominant role in the immunosuppression at the blood stage of infection by African trypanosomes [76,83,87,88,89,91,98,99]. The induction of suppressor macrophages and their effector mechanisms appear to be complex and are by no means sufficiently elucidated. Phagocytosis of whol ...
... macrophages play a predominant role in the immunosuppression at the blood stage of infection by African trypanosomes [76,83,87,88,89,91,98,99]. The induction of suppressor macrophages and their effector mechanisms appear to be complex and are by no means sufficiently elucidated. Phagocytosis of whol ...
Bacillus cereus immune escape: a journey
... Bacillus cereus is an emerging human pathogen initially characterized as a causal agent of gastroenteritis. It is the third most important cause of collective food poisoning infections, after Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus (Anonymus, 2009). Bacillus cereus food poisoning is generally mild, but ...
... Bacillus cereus is an emerging human pathogen initially characterized as a causal agent of gastroenteritis. It is the third most important cause of collective food poisoning infections, after Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus (Anonymus, 2009). Bacillus cereus food poisoning is generally mild, but ...
Antitumor immunity by magnetic nanoparticle
... of MCLs. These authors also reported that repeated hyperthermia treatment could primarily cause tumor necrosis [51] , and that a large amount of HSP70 was induced in the tumor tissue. Their findings appear to correlate well with the report of Basu et al., which indicated that necrotic but not apopto ...
... of MCLs. These authors also reported that repeated hyperthermia treatment could primarily cause tumor necrosis [51] , and that a large amount of HSP70 was induced in the tumor tissue. Their findings appear to correlate well with the report of Basu et al., which indicated that necrotic but not apopto ...
Lactobacilli- and Staphylococcus aureus mediated
... The human gastro-intestinal tract is in direct contact with the external environment. It continuously encounters dietary products, environmental antigens, pathogens and commensal microbes. Given the huge antigenic load, a balance needs to be maintained between immunogenic and tolerogenic immune resp ...
... The human gastro-intestinal tract is in direct contact with the external environment. It continuously encounters dietary products, environmental antigens, pathogens and commensal microbes. Given the huge antigenic load, a balance needs to be maintained between immunogenic and tolerogenic immune resp ...
Phenotypic Markers Distinguished by Their Cytokine Profiles and T
... study memory T cell responses. Fig. 1 shows FACS analysis of IFN-g production by these two T cell populations following direct ex vivo stimulation with the immunodominant peptide LCMV NP118 –126. IFN-g was undetectable in both day 8 and memory CD81 T cells immediately ex vivo, suggesting that cytoki ...
... study memory T cell responses. Fig. 1 shows FACS analysis of IFN-g production by these two T cell populations following direct ex vivo stimulation with the immunodominant peptide LCMV NP118 –126. IFN-g was undetectable in both day 8 and memory CD81 T cells immediately ex vivo, suggesting that cytoki ...
Bernard Bihari, MD: Low-dose Naltrexone for Normalizing Immune
... to gyms. They were divided into two groups—all men: men who went to the gym regularly just for bodybuilding purposes and did relatively little aerobic exercise; and men who went to the gym on a regular basis to do aerobic exercise with much less attention to bodybuilding and weight training. Both gr ...
... to gyms. They were divided into two groups—all men: men who went to the gym regularly just for bodybuilding purposes and did relatively little aerobic exercise; and men who went to the gym on a regular basis to do aerobic exercise with much less attention to bodybuilding and weight training. Both gr ...
A Model to Predict Cell-Mediated Immune
... experiments predicting elements of the system that contribute to the different disease outcomes. This model makes specific predictions concerning the roles of IL-10, IL-12, IFN-␥, and IL-4 and describes key elements of cell-mediated immunity that lead to latency or active disease. Primary TB, the re ...
... experiments predicting elements of the system that contribute to the different disease outcomes. This model makes specific predictions concerning the roles of IL-10, IL-12, IFN-␥, and IL-4 and describes key elements of cell-mediated immunity that lead to latency or active disease. Primary TB, the re ...
Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells Producing and Readily Migrating −
... endritic cells (DC) undergo transition from immature DC to mature DC (mDC) under inflammatory conditions. During this process, surface levels of CD40, CD80, CD86, and MHC class II (MHCII) increase, and the cells release inflammatory cytokines (1–4). Inflamed mDC migrate to draining lymph nodes (DLN) ...
... endritic cells (DC) undergo transition from immature DC to mature DC (mDC) under inflammatory conditions. During this process, surface levels of CD40, CD80, CD86, and MHC class II (MHCII) increase, and the cells release inflammatory cytokines (1–4). Inflamed mDC migrate to draining lymph nodes (DLN) ...
Interaction between Nutrients, Pro-Inflammatory
... studies include observation of the effects of dietary fat on burn injury, cytokine- and endotoxin-induced anorexia and fever, cytokine- and endotoxin-induced changes in visceral protein metabolism and cytokine production from macrophages. In summary, fats rich in n-3 PUFAs or n-9 monounsaturated fat ...
... studies include observation of the effects of dietary fat on burn injury, cytokine- and endotoxin-induced anorexia and fever, cytokine- and endotoxin-induced changes in visceral protein metabolism and cytokine production from macrophages. In summary, fats rich in n-3 PUFAs or n-9 monounsaturated fat ...
MDS Glossary - MDS Foundation
... anemia have hypocellular bone marrow. Hypomethylating Agent A hypomethylating agent is a drug that inhibits DNA methylation. Works by preventing certain genes involved in controlling cancer from being silenced, allowing for the normal functioning of the tumor suppressor genes. Synonym: demethylating ...
... anemia have hypocellular bone marrow. Hypomethylating Agent A hypomethylating agent is a drug that inhibits DNA methylation. Works by preventing certain genes involved in controlling cancer from being silenced, allowing for the normal functioning of the tumor suppressor genes. Synonym: demethylating ...
Complement-induced regulatory T cells suppress T
... Figure 1. CD46-induced Tr1-like cell supernatants do not suppress dendritic-cell (DC) maturation despite high IL-10 content. (A) General experimental approach. Purified human blood monocytes were cultured in GM-CSF/IL-4–containing media for 72 hours. The generated DC precursors were incubated for 24 ...
... Figure 1. CD46-induced Tr1-like cell supernatants do not suppress dendritic-cell (DC) maturation despite high IL-10 content. (A) General experimental approach. Purified human blood monocytes were cultured in GM-CSF/IL-4–containing media for 72 hours. The generated DC precursors were incubated for 24 ...
Optimal Enhancement of Immune Response
... macrophages) that engulf and consume the microbes, reducing them to non-functioning units. They also stimulate the production of cytokines, complement, and acutephase proteins that either damage an intruder’s plasma membrane directly or that trigger the second phase of immune response. The innate im ...
... macrophages) that engulf and consume the microbes, reducing them to non-functioning units. They also stimulate the production of cytokines, complement, and acutephase proteins that either damage an intruder’s plasma membrane directly or that trigger the second phase of immune response. The innate im ...
Blood 3
... • the immune response is non-specific (it is not targeted at a specific antigen, but is rather equal to different antigens) • the first line defense • quick immune response ...
... • the immune response is non-specific (it is not targeted at a specific antigen, but is rather equal to different antigens) • the first line defense • quick immune response ...
Emerging microengineered tools for functional analysis
... channel or flow focusing that deforms RBCs and triggers their ATP release (Figure 1D) [28]. An important advantage of such microfluidic ATP-releasing assays is the realtime detection capability, which is useful for providing biological insights into ATP biosynthesis. This feature was exploited in an ...
... channel or flow focusing that deforms RBCs and triggers their ATP release (Figure 1D) [28]. An important advantage of such microfluidic ATP-releasing assays is the realtime detection capability, which is useful for providing biological insights into ATP biosynthesis. This feature was exploited in an ...
T Cell Differentiation - The Journal of Immunology
... reat advances in techniques allowing ex vivo enumeration of Ag-specific T cells (using tetramers, ELISPOT, or intracellular cytokine straining) have led to quantification of CD8⫹ T cell responses to several viral pathogens including lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)3 and influenza virus (1–5 ...
... reat advances in techniques allowing ex vivo enumeration of Ag-specific T cells (using tetramers, ELISPOT, or intracellular cytokine straining) have led to quantification of CD8⫹ T cell responses to several viral pathogens including lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)3 and influenza virus (1–5 ...
Immunology
... The lectin pathway is activated by the binding of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) to mannose residues on glycoproteins or carbohydrates on the surface of microorganisms including certain Salmonella, Listeria, and Neisseria strains, as well as Cryptococcus neoformans and Candida albicans. MBL is an acut ...
... The lectin pathway is activated by the binding of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) to mannose residues on glycoproteins or carbohydrates on the surface of microorganisms including certain Salmonella, Listeria, and Neisseria strains, as well as Cryptococcus neoformans and Candida albicans. MBL is an acut ...
Artificial Immune Systems: An Emerging Technology
... Primary immune response Launch a response to invading pathogens ...
... Primary immune response Launch a response to invading pathogens ...
Inflammation in the visceral adipose tissue of obese subjects
... • The inflammatory state of adipose tissue, with the contribution of adipose macrophages and T cells, is believed to contribute to this systemic low-grade inflammation. The specific characterization of the inflammatory profile of obese subjects, associating systemic and adipose markers of inflammat ...
... • The inflammatory state of adipose tissue, with the contribution of adipose macrophages and T cells, is believed to contribute to this systemic low-grade inflammation. The specific characterization of the inflammatory profile of obese subjects, associating systemic and adipose markers of inflammat ...
Innate immune system
The innate immune system, also known as the nonspecific immune system, is an important subsystem of the overall immune system that comprises the cells and mechanisms that defend the host from infection by other organisms. The cells of the innate system recognize and respond to pathogens in a generic way, but, unlike the adaptive immune system (which is found only in vertebrates), it does not confer long-lasting or protective immunity to the host. Innate immune systems provide immediate defense against infection, and are found in all classes of plant and animal life. They include both humoral immunity components and cell-mediated immunity components.The innate immune system is an evolutionarily older defense strategy, and is the dominant immune system found in plants, fungi, insects, and primitive multicellular organisms.The major functions of the vertebrate innate immune system include: Recruiting immune cells to sites of infection, through the production of chemical factors, including specialized chemical mediators, called cytokines Activation of the complement cascade to identify bacteria, activate cells, and promote clearance of antibody complexes or dead cells The identification and removal of foreign substances present in organs, tissues, the blood and lymph, by specialised white blood cells Activation of the adaptive immune system through a process known as antigen presentation Acting as a physical and chemical barrier to infectious agents.↑ ↑ ↑