NIH Public Access
... and epithelial cells. They contribute to host defence by disrupting the cytoplasmic membrane of microorganisms such as Escherichia coli or Candida albicans. Keratinocytes produce innate immune mediators The production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) is an evolutionarily conserved defence mechanism ...
... and epithelial cells. They contribute to host defence by disrupting the cytoplasmic membrane of microorganisms such as Escherichia coli or Candida albicans. Keratinocytes produce innate immune mediators The production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) is an evolutionarily conserved defence mechanism ...
The pathogenic role of rheumatoid factor in rheumatoid arthritis
... Rheumatoid factors (RFs) are the first autoantibodies described in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which target the Fc region of IgG. Since their discovery, RFs have been the subject of extensive studies not just because of their association with RA, but also because they serve as an excellent model for ...
... Rheumatoid factors (RFs) are the first autoantibodies described in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which target the Fc region of IgG. Since their discovery, RFs have been the subject of extensive studies not just because of their association with RA, but also because they serve as an excellent model for ...
Exercise and Psychosocial Factors Modulate Immunity to Influenza
... “healthy” behavior may minimize the age-associated decline of immune function. The objective of this study was to determine whether exercise, diet, and psychosocial factors were associated with altered immune response to influenza vaccine. Methods. Adults aged 62 years and older were categorized int ...
... “healthy” behavior may minimize the age-associated decline of immune function. The objective of this study was to determine whether exercise, diet, and psychosocial factors were associated with altered immune response to influenza vaccine. Methods. Adults aged 62 years and older were categorized int ...
Microreview How C-type lectins detect pathogens
... homologue of DC-SIGN – here designated as L-SIGN – is not expressed by DCs (Bashirova et al., 2001). Liver sinusoids are specialized capillary vessels characterized by the presence of resident macrophages adhering to the LSECs. The LSEC–leukocyte interactions, which require expression of adhesion mo ...
... homologue of DC-SIGN – here designated as L-SIGN – is not expressed by DCs (Bashirova et al., 2001). Liver sinusoids are specialized capillary vessels characterized by the presence of resident macrophages adhering to the LSECs. The LSEC–leukocyte interactions, which require expression of adhesion mo ...
Difference in cytokine production and cell cycle
... derived cell lines infected by EBV in vitro or transiently transfected by a constitutive expressed LMP1 vector were used [20-24]. However, results obtained from these studies were difficult to interpret since either there were not quantitative or the cell lines did not express LMP1 until a membrane ...
... derived cell lines infected by EBV in vitro or transiently transfected by a constitutive expressed LMP1 vector were used [20-24]. However, results obtained from these studies were difficult to interpret since either there were not quantitative or the cell lines did not express LMP1 until a membrane ...
Splenic autotransplantation in a patient with human
... the risk of opportunistic infection and sepsis, but its role in patients with human immunodeficiency virus is debated because the spleen is a replication site, especially during the asymptomatic phase of this infection. We present a case of a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection who w ...
... the risk of opportunistic infection and sepsis, but its role in patients with human immunodeficiency virus is debated because the spleen is a replication site, especially during the asymptomatic phase of this infection. We present a case of a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection who w ...
Antigen Recognition by T Lymphocytes
... * T-cells cannot recognize antigens in native form * T-cell recognition of antigens * Processing * Presentation ...
... * T-cells cannot recognize antigens in native form * T-cell recognition of antigens * Processing * Presentation ...
Autoimmune diseases
... coordinated adaptive immune response involving most of the mechanisms used in responding to a pathogen Dominant mechanisms of tissue injury may involve: • T cell mediated injury by CD4 and/or CD8 T cells ...
... coordinated adaptive immune response involving most of the mechanisms used in responding to a pathogen Dominant mechanisms of tissue injury may involve: • T cell mediated injury by CD4 and/or CD8 T cells ...
No Slide Title
... alone and in conjunction with gamma interferon to determine its potential efficacy in the treatment of human cancers. B-cell growth factors stimulate the multiplication of antibodyproducing cells. The hematopoietic growth factors step up the production of both red and white blood cells in the bone m ...
... alone and in conjunction with gamma interferon to determine its potential efficacy in the treatment of human cancers. B-cell growth factors stimulate the multiplication of antibodyproducing cells. The hematopoietic growth factors step up the production of both red and white blood cells in the bone m ...
Pattern Generated by Oxidative Stress Th2
... active by-product (6). In addition to direct toxicity, aldehydic modification of biomolecules, particularly of proteins, gives rise to a multitude of adducts that are increasingly implicated in the pathology of a wide range of human diseases with prominent oxidative components (4–6). For many such c ...
... active by-product (6). In addition to direct toxicity, aldehydic modification of biomolecules, particularly of proteins, gives rise to a multitude of adducts that are increasingly implicated in the pathology of a wide range of human diseases with prominent oxidative components (4–6). For many such c ...
Anaplasma
... There are three phases of illness with Ehrlichiosis: acute, subclinical, and chronic. • ACUTE PHASE: This is generally a mild phase and occurs 1 to 3 weeks after the host is bitten by the tick. The Ehrlichia organism is replicated in this time period and attaching to white blood cell membranes. Duri ...
... There are three phases of illness with Ehrlichiosis: acute, subclinical, and chronic. • ACUTE PHASE: This is generally a mild phase and occurs 1 to 3 weeks after the host is bitten by the tick. The Ehrlichia organism is replicated in this time period and attaching to white blood cell membranes. Duri ...
Biased to Th2 Secondary Responses Primary Effector Responses In
... more developmentally mature T cells that were produced after day 1, but before day 7, of life (i.e., the time of analysis). To investigate this possibility, #24-h-old newborns or adult mice were thymectomized or sham thymectomized and immunized with KLH. Six days later, lymph node cell suspensions w ...
... more developmentally mature T cells that were produced after day 1, but before day 7, of life (i.e., the time of analysis). To investigate this possibility, #24-h-old newborns or adult mice were thymectomized or sham thymectomized and immunized with KLH. Six days later, lymph node cell suspensions w ...
and anti-inflammatory phenomena in the physiopathology of type 2
... IL-4 AND IL-13: KEY CYTOKINES IN THE CONTROL OF M2 POLARIZATION The differentiation and survival of M2 cells are dependent upon exposure to IL-4 and IL-13[10]. An important question arises, particularly on the context of lean AT surroundings: Where these two cytokines come from? Conditioned medium f ...
... IL-4 AND IL-13: KEY CYTOKINES IN THE CONTROL OF M2 POLARIZATION The differentiation and survival of M2 cells are dependent upon exposure to IL-4 and IL-13[10]. An important question arises, particularly on the context of lean AT surroundings: Where these two cytokines come from? Conditioned medium f ...
Glomerular Diseases
... complement seen by IF. Mostly antibody mediated “immune complex” some cell mediated, some non-immune, some even by secondary mechanisms. ...
... complement seen by IF. Mostly antibody mediated “immune complex” some cell mediated, some non-immune, some even by secondary mechanisms. ...
Positive or Negative Involvement of Heat Shock Proteins in Multiple
... become progressive, that is, secondary progressive (SP) MS (23). Pathogenic studies have clearly indicated that axonal injury is a key feature of MS pathogenesis; the extent of axonal damage is also correlated to the degree of inflammation in the relapsing phases of the disease. A close relationship ...
... become progressive, that is, secondary progressive (SP) MS (23). Pathogenic studies have clearly indicated that axonal injury is a key feature of MS pathogenesis; the extent of axonal damage is also correlated to the degree of inflammation in the relapsing phases of the disease. A close relationship ...
Regulatory T cells control tolerogenic versus autoimmune response
... by sperm antigens produced in the testis and released into interstitial tissue space of the inflamed epididymis. Therefore, tolerance can be induced by sperm antigens released from tissue with persistent inflammation. This finding is unexpected for vasectomy, but it is less unexpected from the viewpoin ...
... by sperm antigens produced in the testis and released into interstitial tissue space of the inflamed epididymis. Therefore, tolerance can be induced by sperm antigens released from tissue with persistent inflammation. This finding is unexpected for vasectomy, but it is less unexpected from the viewpoin ...
PLASMA PROTEINS AND IMMUNOGLOBULINES – An Overview
... some plasma proteins along with decease in levels of other proteins in plasma, • Response is stimulated by release of Cytokines: Interleukin-1, Interleukin-6 and Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and increased plasma [Cortisol] and [Glucagon] ...
... some plasma proteins along with decease in levels of other proteins in plasma, • Response is stimulated by release of Cytokines: Interleukin-1, Interleukin-6 and Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and increased plasma [Cortisol] and [Glucagon] ...
A regulatory dendritic cell signature correlates with the clinical
... France, and Vienna, Austria Background: Given their pivotal role in the polarization of T-cell responses, molecular changes at the level of dendritic cells (DCs) could represent an early signature indicative of the subsequent orientation of adaptive immune responses during immunotherapy. Objective: ...
... France, and Vienna, Austria Background: Given their pivotal role in the polarization of T-cell responses, molecular changes at the level of dendritic cells (DCs) could represent an early signature indicative of the subsequent orientation of adaptive immune responses during immunotherapy. Objective: ...
Isolation of the intracellular and extracellular polysaccharides of
... and IPSs showed the enhancement on proliferation and increment of phagocytosis activities of macrophage (RAW264.7) cell lines. Using an oral toxicity test, we also observed that 2000 mg/kg body weight/day dosage of dried G. neojaponicum mycelium does not cause any significant toxic effects on Sprague ...
... and IPSs showed the enhancement on proliferation and increment of phagocytosis activities of macrophage (RAW264.7) cell lines. Using an oral toxicity test, we also observed that 2000 mg/kg body weight/day dosage of dried G. neojaponicum mycelium does not cause any significant toxic effects on Sprague ...
The Immune System - Wiley-VCH
... receptor, as opposed to an antagonist that inhibits it. PAMPs may bind directly the PRRs, therefore acting directly as ligands for these receptors, but some PAMPs can trigger responses by binding to a different molecule that then associates with a PRR, so it is useful to use the general term agonist ...
... receptor, as opposed to an antagonist that inhibits it. PAMPs may bind directly the PRRs, therefore acting directly as ligands for these receptors, but some PAMPs can trigger responses by binding to a different molecule that then associates with a PRR, so it is useful to use the general term agonist ...
Adaptogens for Health and Vitality
... During times of moderate stress, the body engages defence molecules. These molecules not only deal with the immediate threat, but also increase resistance to other threats. They can even repair existing damage. Examples of these molecular defence agents include heat shock proteins (HSPs), sirtuin1 ( ...
... During times of moderate stress, the body engages defence molecules. These molecules not only deal with the immediate threat, but also increase resistance to other threats. They can even repair existing damage. Examples of these molecular defence agents include heat shock proteins (HSPs), sirtuin1 ( ...
Innate immune system
The innate immune system, also known as the nonspecific immune system, is an important subsystem of the overall immune system that comprises the cells and mechanisms that defend the host from infection by other organisms. The cells of the innate system recognize and respond to pathogens in a generic way, but, unlike the adaptive immune system (which is found only in vertebrates), it does not confer long-lasting or protective immunity to the host. Innate immune systems provide immediate defense against infection, and are found in all classes of plant and animal life. They include both humoral immunity components and cell-mediated immunity components.The innate immune system is an evolutionarily older defense strategy, and is the dominant immune system found in plants, fungi, insects, and primitive multicellular organisms.The major functions of the vertebrate innate immune system include: Recruiting immune cells to sites of infection, through the production of chemical factors, including specialized chemical mediators, called cytokines Activation of the complement cascade to identify bacteria, activate cells, and promote clearance of antibody complexes or dead cells The identification and removal of foreign substances present in organs, tissues, the blood and lymph, by specialised white blood cells Activation of the adaptive immune system through a process known as antigen presentation Acting as a physical and chemical barrier to infectious agents.↑ ↑ ↑