Emerging biological roles of Cl− intracellular channel proteins
... The notion that CLIC proteins – not to be confused with the CLC family of intracellular Cl− transporters (Stauber and Jentsch, 2013) – might function as intracellular Cl− channels has a long, and somewhat peculiar, history (Littler et al., 2010; Singh, 2010). Its founding member, the atypical p64/CL ...
... The notion that CLIC proteins – not to be confused with the CLC family of intracellular Cl− transporters (Stauber and Jentsch, 2013) – might function as intracellular Cl− channels has a long, and somewhat peculiar, history (Littler et al., 2010; Singh, 2010). Its founding member, the atypical p64/CL ...
The Plasma Membrane of the Cyanobacterium
... The light reactions of oxygenic photosynthesis almost invariably take place in the thylakoid membranes, a highly specialized internal membrane system located in the stroma of chloroplasts and the cytoplasm of cyanobacteria. The only known exception is the primordial cyanobacterium Gloeobacter violac ...
... The light reactions of oxygenic photosynthesis almost invariably take place in the thylakoid membranes, a highly specialized internal membrane system located in the stroma of chloroplasts and the cytoplasm of cyanobacteria. The only known exception is the primordial cyanobacterium Gloeobacter violac ...
The main actors involved in extending the invertebrate life span
... reduced insulin signaling in germ-free Drosophila, while the addition of the commensal bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum is sufficient on its own to restore the natural Drosophila microbiota growthpromoting effect. According to the published data, L. plantarum exerts its benefit by acting geneticall ...
... reduced insulin signaling in germ-free Drosophila, while the addition of the commensal bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum is sufficient on its own to restore the natural Drosophila microbiota growthpromoting effect. According to the published data, L. plantarum exerts its benefit by acting geneticall ...
The Plasma Membrane of the Cyanobacterium
... The light reactions of oxygenic photosynthesis almost invariably take place in the thylakoid membranes, a highly specialized internal membrane system located in the stroma of chloroplasts and the cytoplasm of cyanobacteria. The only known exception is the primordial cyanobacterium Gloeobacter violac ...
... The light reactions of oxygenic photosynthesis almost invariably take place in the thylakoid membranes, a highly specialized internal membrane system located in the stroma of chloroplasts and the cytoplasm of cyanobacteria. The only known exception is the primordial cyanobacterium Gloeobacter violac ...
Forces That Move Ions and Molecules
... As a result, oxygen will diuse from the interstitial uid directly through the lipid bilayer of the membrane and into the cytoplasm within the cell. On the other hand, because cells produce CO2 as a byproduct of metabolism, CO2 concentrations rise within the cytoplasm; therefore, CO2 will move from ...
... As a result, oxygen will diuse from the interstitial uid directly through the lipid bilayer of the membrane and into the cytoplasm within the cell. On the other hand, because cells produce CO2 as a byproduct of metabolism, CO2 concentrations rise within the cytoplasm; therefore, CO2 will move from ...
Chapter 3
... Non-polar tails mingle within the membrane Cholesterol in animal membranes keeps them flexible ...
... Non-polar tails mingle within the membrane Cholesterol in animal membranes keeps them flexible ...
Palmitoylation of influenza virus proteins
... in vitro, at authentic sites in the absence of any enzyme source [18,19]. In addition, peptides composed of unnatural β- or D-amino acids are palmitoylated on microinjection into cells indicating that the hallmarks of classical enzyme reactions, substrate recognition and specificity do not exist [20 ...
... in vitro, at authentic sites in the absence of any enzyme source [18,19]. In addition, peptides composed of unnatural β- or D-amino acids are palmitoylated on microinjection into cells indicating that the hallmarks of classical enzyme reactions, substrate recognition and specificity do not exist [20 ...
Working paper - Complex Systems Lab
... Although the mechanisms underlying pattern formation in multicellular systems are typically richer than the previous RD scheme, they provide the appropriate framework to explain different situations. Some examples are pattern formation in fish (Kondo and Asai, 1995), bacterial growth in two dimensio ...
... Although the mechanisms underlying pattern formation in multicellular systems are typically richer than the previous RD scheme, they provide the appropriate framework to explain different situations. Some examples are pattern formation in fish (Kondo and Asai, 1995), bacterial growth in two dimensio ...
Figure S1. Chloroplast localization and topology of TerC
... Figure S1. Chloroplast localization and topology of TerC-GFP fusion protein. (a) Protoplasts were isolated from terc-1TerC-GFP. Chlorophyll fluorescence was excited at 450 – 490 nm and the emission was recorded at > 515 nm (Filterset 9, Carl Zeiss, http://microscopy.zeiss.com/microscopy/en_de/servic ...
... Figure S1. Chloroplast localization and topology of TerC-GFP fusion protein. (a) Protoplasts were isolated from terc-1TerC-GFP. Chlorophyll fluorescence was excited at 450 – 490 nm and the emission was recorded at > 515 nm (Filterset 9, Carl Zeiss, http://microscopy.zeiss.com/microscopy/en_de/servic ...
The Electrochemical Gradient - Advanced
... ADP and inorganic phosphate. Hence, ATP synthase is both an ion channel protein and enzyme. The synthesis reaction is driven by the proton flow, which forces the rotation of a part of the enzyme; the ATP synthase is a rotary mechanical motor. Bacteria may also have a version of this enzyme, where it ...
... ADP and inorganic phosphate. Hence, ATP synthase is both an ion channel protein and enzyme. The synthesis reaction is driven by the proton flow, which forces the rotation of a part of the enzyme; the ATP synthase is a rotary mechanical motor. Bacteria may also have a version of this enzyme, where it ...
Liposome
... Trif M. PhD Thesis “Liposomes as carriers for active pharmaceutical substances”, 1994, Institute of Biochemistry ...
... Trif M. PhD Thesis “Liposomes as carriers for active pharmaceutical substances”, 1994, Institute of Biochemistry ...
Slide 1 - McGill University
... -Tachyphylaxis of the adrenomedulin (AM) receptor (a) Concentration-dependent increase in cAMP in response to AM (EC50 3.2±0.7 nM, filled squares) and CGRP at 1 µM (no effect, filled triangle) in Rat-2 fibroblasts. (b) Concentration-dependent attenuation of AM cAMP responses following preexposure to ...
... -Tachyphylaxis of the adrenomedulin (AM) receptor (a) Concentration-dependent increase in cAMP in response to AM (EC50 3.2±0.7 nM, filled squares) and CGRP at 1 µM (no effect, filled triangle) in Rat-2 fibroblasts. (b) Concentration-dependent attenuation of AM cAMP responses following preexposure to ...
Membrane Structure and Function Chapter 7 Biology
... • Later studies found problems with this model, particularly the placement of membrane proteins, which have hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions • In 1972, J. Singer and G. Nicolson proposed that the membrane is a mosaic of proteins dispersed within the bilayer, with only the hydrophilic regions expo ...
... • Later studies found problems with this model, particularly the placement of membrane proteins, which have hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions • In 1972, J. Singer and G. Nicolson proposed that the membrane is a mosaic of proteins dispersed within the bilayer, with only the hydrophilic regions expo ...
12.4 G Protein–Coupled Receptors and Second Messengers
... heterotrimeric GTP-binding stimulatory G protein, or GS, on the cytosolic side of the plasma membrane. Alfred G. Gilman and Martin Rodbell discovered that when GTP is bound to Gs, Gs stimulates the production of cAMP by adenylyl cyclase (see below) in the plasma membrane. The function of Gs as a mol ...
... heterotrimeric GTP-binding stimulatory G protein, or GS, on the cytosolic side of the plasma membrane. Alfred G. Gilman and Martin Rodbell discovered that when GTP is bound to Gs, Gs stimulates the production of cAMP by adenylyl cyclase (see below) in the plasma membrane. The function of Gs as a mol ...
The basement membrane anchors epithelium to the
... nanometers in thickness, and consists of an underlying network of reticular collagen (type IV) fibrils (fibroblast precursors) which average 30 nanometers in diameter and 0.1–2 micrometers in thickness. In addition to collagen, this supportive matrix contains intrinsic macromolecular components. Th ...
... nanometers in thickness, and consists of an underlying network of reticular collagen (type IV) fibrils (fibroblast precursors) which average 30 nanometers in diameter and 0.1–2 micrometers in thickness. In addition to collagen, this supportive matrix contains intrinsic macromolecular components. Th ...
Paramecium trichocysts isolated with their membranes are stable in
... Essentially all the trichocysts have intact membranes and very little material other than trichocysts is found. (The electron-dense debris is residual Percoll: 30 nm particles of silica coated with polyvinylchloride.) A trichocyst is composed of two differentiated regions, the body and the tip. The ...
... Essentially all the trichocysts have intact membranes and very little material other than trichocysts is found. (The electron-dense debris is residual Percoll: 30 nm particles of silica coated with polyvinylchloride.) A trichocyst is composed of two differentiated regions, the body and the tip. The ...
Modes of Membrane Transport
... – “cell eating” – endocytosis of few very large substances (bacteria, viruses, cell fragments) – vesicles containing cells fuse with lysosomes which digest the cells • Pinocytosis – “cell sipping” – endocytosis of extracellular fluid • Receptor-mediated endocytosis – endocytosis of a specific substa ...
... – “cell eating” – endocytosis of few very large substances (bacteria, viruses, cell fragments) – vesicles containing cells fuse with lysosomes which digest the cells • Pinocytosis – “cell sipping” – endocytosis of extracellular fluid • Receptor-mediated endocytosis – endocytosis of a specific substa ...
Solutions
... – “cell eating” – endocytosis of few very large substances (bacteria, viruses, cell fragments) – vesicles containing cells fuse with lysosomes which digest the cells • Pinocytosis – “cell sipping” – endocytosis of extracellular fluid • Receptor-mediated endocytosis – endocytosis of a specific substa ...
... – “cell eating” – endocytosis of few very large substances (bacteria, viruses, cell fragments) – vesicles containing cells fuse with lysosomes which digest the cells • Pinocytosis – “cell sipping” – endocytosis of extracellular fluid • Receptor-mediated endocytosis – endocytosis of a specific substa ...
Abstract - Earth Journals publisher
... There is considerable sequence homology between the members of one family, but none between different families.They share the same heptahelical structure but differ in other respects, principally in the length of N-terminus and the location of the agonist-binding domain. Family A, releted to rhodops ...
... There is considerable sequence homology between the members of one family, but none between different families.They share the same heptahelical structure but differ in other respects, principally in the length of N-terminus and the location of the agonist-binding domain. Family A, releted to rhodops ...
Heterodimerization and Endocytosis of Arabidopsis
... imaging techniques, such as fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) to determine Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), indicative of receptor heterodimerization. These techniques are essential for imaging protein interactions in living plant (Shah et al., 2001, 2002; Immink et al., 2002 ...
... imaging techniques, such as fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) to determine Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), indicative of receptor heterodimerization. These techniques are essential for imaging protein interactions in living plant (Shah et al., 2001, 2002; Immink et al., 2002 ...
hospital/institute/center - Advances in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
... Pathogenesis of IBD is likely related to abnormal interactions between the immune system and gut microbiota ...
... Pathogenesis of IBD is likely related to abnormal interactions between the immune system and gut microbiota ...
The temperature effect during pulse application on cell membrane
... nearest surrounding on the nanometer scale, which depends on the type of phospholipids (saturated, nonsaturated alkyl chains), amount of cholesterol, protein distribution etc. All the regions in the membrane with the same ordering and dynamics (the same fluidity characteristics) are described as one ...
... nearest surrounding on the nanometer scale, which depends on the type of phospholipids (saturated, nonsaturated alkyl chains), amount of cholesterol, protein distribution etc. All the regions in the membrane with the same ordering and dynamics (the same fluidity characteristics) are described as one ...
Surface Charge Distribution on the Endothelial Cell of Liver Sinusoids
... the hepatocyte plasma membrane appeared to expose only negatively charged sites that bound cationized ferritin which is internalized via coated vesicles. Both anionic and cationic markers labeled the microvillar projections of the Kupffer cells and seemed to be actively taken up by numerous smooth m ...
... the hepatocyte plasma membrane appeared to expose only negatively charged sites that bound cationized ferritin which is internalized via coated vesicles. Both anionic and cationic markers labeled the microvillar projections of the Kupffer cells and seemed to be actively taken up by numerous smooth m ...
Isolation and Characterization of Cell Wall
... membranes; this clearly demonstrates the value of the Triton purification step (Fig. 5). Five unidentified strongly polar lipids, free fatty acids, and small amounts of sulpholipid were detected in the CW I1 fraction. One of the polar lipids (spot 5 in Fig. 5) seemed to be a unique constituent of th ...
... membranes; this clearly demonstrates the value of the Triton purification step (Fig. 5). Five unidentified strongly polar lipids, free fatty acids, and small amounts of sulpholipid were detected in the CW I1 fraction. One of the polar lipids (spot 5 in Fig. 5) seemed to be a unique constituent of th ...
Lipid raft
The plasma membranes of cells contain combinations of glycosphingolipids and protein receptors organized in glycolipoprotein microdomains termed lipid rafts. These specialized membrane microdomains compartmentalize cellular processes by serving as organizing centers for the assembly of signaling molecules, influencing membrane fluidity and membrane protein trafficking, and regulating neurotransmission and receptor trafficking. Lipid rafts are more ordered and tightly packed than the surrounding bilayer, but float freely in the membrane bilayer. Although more common in plasma membrane, lipid rafts have also been reported in other parts of the cell, such as Golgi and lysosomes.