TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR GENES Molecular Oncology 2011
... The p53 protein is a transcriptional regulator that has been associated with blocking cell cycle progression and inducing apoptosis in some systems. These effects may be mediated by the products of genes whose expression is enhanced by the p53 protein including the p21WAF1/Cip1 gene and the Bax gene ...
... The p53 protein is a transcriptional regulator that has been associated with blocking cell cycle progression and inducing apoptosis in some systems. These effects may be mediated by the products of genes whose expression is enhanced by the p53 protein including the p21WAF1/Cip1 gene and the Bax gene ...
Lectures in biochemistry and molecular biology 2016/2017 From
... 1. Textbook: Molecular Biology of the Cell by A. Johnson, B. Alberts, D. Bray, J. Lewis, K. Roberts, and M. Raff • Chapters dedicated to intracellular transport. • Special focus should be on translocation of proteins into the ER, processing in the ER (including unfolded protein response), function o ...
... 1. Textbook: Molecular Biology of the Cell by A. Johnson, B. Alberts, D. Bray, J. Lewis, K. Roberts, and M. Raff • Chapters dedicated to intracellular transport. • Special focus should be on translocation of proteins into the ER, processing in the ER (including unfolded protein response), function o ...
ANSWERS TO REVIEW QUESTIONS
... 12. Short repeats can cause mispairing during meiosis. Long triplet repeats add amino acids, which can disrupt the encoded protein's function, often adding a function. Repeated genes can cause mispairing in meiosis and have dosage-related effects. 13. Copy number variants (CNVs) differ by the number ...
... 12. Short repeats can cause mispairing during meiosis. Long triplet repeats add amino acids, which can disrupt the encoded protein's function, often adding a function. Repeated genes can cause mispairing in meiosis and have dosage-related effects. 13. Copy number variants (CNVs) differ by the number ...
Supplementary material for "The Plasmodium HU homolog, which
... 1.4. Transfection of parasite and localization of expressed fluorescent proteins The bsd gene of the plasmids pEM7/Bsd (Invitrogen) was recombined to the P. falciparum expression plasmids pSSPF2/PfHsp60-GFP [1] and pSSPF2/PfACP-DsRed [3] replacing the hDHFR gene to generate pSSPF3/PfHsp60-GFP and pS ...
... 1.4. Transfection of parasite and localization of expressed fluorescent proteins The bsd gene of the plasmids pEM7/Bsd (Invitrogen) was recombined to the P. falciparum expression plasmids pSSPF2/PfHsp60-GFP [1] and pSSPF2/PfACP-DsRed [3] replacing the hDHFR gene to generate pSSPF3/PfHsp60-GFP and pS ...
regulation-2013
... but also determines the level of activity and the amount of protein that is available in a cell. • Genes which are always active are called constitutive genes, or housekeeping genes. ...
... but also determines the level of activity and the amount of protein that is available in a cell. • Genes which are always active are called constitutive genes, or housekeeping genes. ...
How functions are combined within the ABC model
... MIR172 restricts AP2 activity to the 1 and 2 whorl so that AG expression is prevented in these whorls but can occur in whorls 3 and 4 Wild type 35S::MIR172 B ...
... MIR172 restricts AP2 activity to the 1 and 2 whorl so that AG expression is prevented in these whorls but can occur in whorls 3 and 4 Wild type 35S::MIR172 B ...
LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034
... 12. What is meant by lactose intolerance? How it can be overcome? 13. How the viscosity of starch solution is related to its structure? 14. Give a brief account of cyclodextrins and their use. 15. Explain the biological role of NAD+. 16. What are (i) oxidoreductases (ii) transferases. Give two examp ...
... 12. What is meant by lactose intolerance? How it can be overcome? 13. How the viscosity of starch solution is related to its structure? 14. Give a brief account of cyclodextrins and their use. 15. Explain the biological role of NAD+. 16. What are (i) oxidoreductases (ii) transferases. Give two examp ...
Ribosomes and In Vivo Folding
... unitary mechanism! Reptiles evolved in hot climates; but living North American reptiles and amphibians – frogs, salamanders, turtles - adapted to ice ages; may well retain features of folding intermediates only needed at higher temperatures, but still retained in current physiology: “relic features” ...
... unitary mechanism! Reptiles evolved in hot climates; but living North American reptiles and amphibians – frogs, salamanders, turtles - adapted to ice ages; may well retain features of folding intermediates only needed at higher temperatures, but still retained in current physiology: “relic features” ...
The Cell
... • The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life. – The cells structural anatomy will determine its overall function. • All cells contains organelles which are the equivalent to organs of an organism. – They provide a specific function within the cell. • produces different types of pro ...
... • The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life. – The cells structural anatomy will determine its overall function. • All cells contains organelles which are the equivalent to organs of an organism. – They provide a specific function within the cell. • produces different types of pro ...
Leukaemia Section inv(16)(p13q24) CBFA2T3/GLIS2 Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
... transcriptional repressor via interaction with corepressor complexes; do not directly bind DNA, but interacts with transcription factors such as BCL6, PLZF, GFI1, ZNF651 and ZNF652 (Kumar et al., ...
... transcriptional repressor via interaction with corepressor complexes; do not directly bind DNA, but interacts with transcription factors such as BCL6, PLZF, GFI1, ZNF651 and ZNF652 (Kumar et al., ...
An introduction to Support Vector Machines
... It can be shown that: The portion, n, of unseen data that will be missclassified is bounded by: n Number of support vectors / number of training examples Ockham´s razor principle: Simpler system are better than more complex ones. In SVM case: fewer support vectors mean a simpler representation of ...
... It can be shown that: The portion, n, of unseen data that will be missclassified is bounded by: n Number of support vectors / number of training examples Ockham´s razor principle: Simpler system are better than more complex ones. In SVM case: fewer support vectors mean a simpler representation of ...
Chapter 13 - Gene Function
... Translation proceeds in a 5’ to 3’ direction on the mRNA The codon is a 3 nucleotide sequence on the mRNA For each codon there exists an anticodon on a tRNA The tRNA is responsible for carrying a specific amino acid to its codon on the mRNA Peptide bonds are formed between the amino acids by enzymes ...
... Translation proceeds in a 5’ to 3’ direction on the mRNA The codon is a 3 nucleotide sequence on the mRNA For each codon there exists an anticodon on a tRNA The tRNA is responsible for carrying a specific amino acid to its codon on the mRNA Peptide bonds are formed between the amino acids by enzymes ...
Modelling protein Modelling protein--surface interactions: a surface interactions: a challenge for computations
... • Protein and water recognize the surface • Hydration water is (dynamically) bound to the protein in well-defined positions (similar to antifreeze proteins Nuts et al. JACS 2008) ...
... • Protein and water recognize the surface • Hydration water is (dynamically) bound to the protein in well-defined positions (similar to antifreeze proteins Nuts et al. JACS 2008) ...
Gene Section WFDC1 (WAP four-disulfide core domain 1) in Oncology and Haematology
... stromal-epithelial interactions and contribute to the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. The ps20 protein is assumed to function as a protease inhibitor. In vitro studies indicate that exogeneous addition of ps20 protein stimulates endothelial cell migration, and promotes angiogenesis and tumour gro ...
... stromal-epithelial interactions and contribute to the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. The ps20 protein is assumed to function as a protease inhibitor. In vitro studies indicate that exogeneous addition of ps20 protein stimulates endothelial cell migration, and promotes angiogenesis and tumour gro ...
Functional Groups and Organic Molecules
... polar sidechains (white tacks) are also on the outside surface of your protein where they can hydrogen bond with water. ...
... polar sidechains (white tacks) are also on the outside surface of your protein where they can hydrogen bond with water. ...
Exam 1 Objectives
... 17. Diagram and state the stages of mitosis and cytokinesis, and describe the events that occur in each stage. Be able to recognize (or sketch) a cell in each phase of mitosis. 18. Understand the processes of DNA replication and transcription, including the KEY enzymes required. 19. Describe how pro ...
... 17. Diagram and state the stages of mitosis and cytokinesis, and describe the events that occur in each stage. Be able to recognize (or sketch) a cell in each phase of mitosis. 18. Understand the processes of DNA replication and transcription, including the KEY enzymes required. 19. Describe how pro ...
Lecture 21-Kumar - Rutgers New Jersey Medical School
... The model for membrane structure is known as the fluid mosaic model. Peripheral proteins occur on the inner or outer face of the membrane and integral proteins extend through both lipid layers. Membrane bound enzymes occur allowing structured metabolic pathways. Glycoproteins form the glycocalyx and ...
... The model for membrane structure is known as the fluid mosaic model. Peripheral proteins occur on the inner or outer face of the membrane and integral proteins extend through both lipid layers. Membrane bound enzymes occur allowing structured metabolic pathways. Glycoproteins form the glycocalyx and ...
GENOME GENE EXPRESSION
... Mutations in homeobox genes alter gene regulation, and hence cause phenotypic changes – important in evolution !!! In normal flies: structures like legs, wings, and antennae develop on particular segments, and this process requires the action of homeotic genes In mutant flies: structures characteris ...
... Mutations in homeobox genes alter gene regulation, and hence cause phenotypic changes – important in evolution !!! In normal flies: structures like legs, wings, and antennae develop on particular segments, and this process requires the action of homeotic genes In mutant flies: structures characteris ...
Guide for Bioinformatics Project Module 1 - SGD-Wiki
... speciation event (2) a gene in one of two or more different species that evolved from a common ancestral gene. Normally, the products of orthologs retain the same functions in the cou ...
... speciation event (2) a gene in one of two or more different species that evolved from a common ancestral gene. Normally, the products of orthologs retain the same functions in the cou ...
`response to x` terms?
... 3. SourceForge Request Jesintha Maniraja • The GO definition for ‘response to stimulus’ is “A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a specified stimulus.” ...
... 3. SourceForge Request Jesintha Maniraja • The GO definition for ‘response to stimulus’ is “A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a specified stimulus.” ...
High Protein Low-Glycemic Diets Better at Maintaining Weight Loss
... 8% of their initial body weight with a low-calorie diet. Participants were randomly assigned to one of five diets to prevent weight regain over a 26-week period: a low-protein and low-GI (glycemic index) diet, a low-protein and high-GI diet, a high-protein and low-GI diet, a highprotein and high-GI ...
... 8% of their initial body weight with a low-calorie diet. Participants were randomly assigned to one of five diets to prevent weight regain over a 26-week period: a low-protein and low-GI (glycemic index) diet, a low-protein and high-GI diet, a high-protein and low-GI diet, a highprotein and high-GI ...
The National Eye Institute Supercourse
... diseases and conditions that in majority have a genetic basis ...
... diseases and conditions that in majority have a genetic basis ...
Protein moonlighting
Protein moonlighting (or gene sharing) is a phenomenon by which a protein can perform more than one function. Ancestral moonlighting proteins originally possessed a single function but through evolution, acquired additional functions. Many proteins that moonlight are enzymes; others are receptors, ion channels or chaperones. The most common primary function of moonlighting proteins is enzymatic catalysis, but these enzymes have acquired secondary non-enzymatic roles. Some examples of functions of moonlighting proteins secondary to catalysis include signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, motility, and structural.Protein moonlighting may occur widely in nature. Protein moonlighting through gene sharing differs from the use of a single gene to generate different proteins by alternative RNA splicing, DNA rearrangement, or post-translational processing. It is also different from multifunctionality of the protein, in which the protein has multiple domains, each serving a different function. Protein moonlighting by gene sharing means that a gene may acquire and maintain a second function without gene duplication and without loss of the primary function. Such genes are under two or more entirely different selective constraints.Various techniques have been used to reveal moonlighting functions in proteins. The detection of a protein in unexpected locations within cells, cell types, or tissues may suggest that a protein has a moonlighting function. Furthermore, sequence or structure homology of a protein may be used to infer both primary function as well as secondary moonlighting functions of a protein.The most well-studied examples of gene sharing are crystallins. These proteins, when expressed at low levels in many tissues function as enzymes, but when expressed at high levels in eye tissue, become densely packed and thus form lenses. While the recognition of gene sharing is relatively recent—the term was coined in 1988, after crystallins in chickens and ducks were found to be identical to separately identified enzymes—recent studies have found many examples throughout the living world. Joram Piatigorsky has suggested that many or all proteins exhibit gene sharing to some extent, and that gene sharing is a key aspect of molecular evolution. The genes encoding crystallins must maintain sequences for catalytic function and transparency maintenance function.Inappropriate moonlighting is a contributing factor in some genetic diseases, and moonlighting provides a possible mechanism by which bacteria may become resistant to antibiotics.