Guidelines for Abstract Submission
... Keywords: Arabidopsis, GFP, point mutations A massive transfer of mitochondria and chloroplast DNA to the cell nucleus occurred during the evolution of these organelles. As a consequence, most of their proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and have specific N-terminal targeting sequences. Although c ...
... Keywords: Arabidopsis, GFP, point mutations A massive transfer of mitochondria and chloroplast DNA to the cell nucleus occurred during the evolution of these organelles. As a consequence, most of their proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and have specific N-terminal targeting sequences. Although c ...
Translation
... controlled at all of these steps: •DNA packaging •Transcription •RNA processing and transport •RNA degradation •Translation •Post-translational Fig 16.1 ...
... controlled at all of these steps: •DNA packaging •Transcription •RNA processing and transport •RNA degradation •Translation •Post-translational Fig 16.1 ...
The Roles of Moonlighting Proteins in Bacteria
... along with their classic neuropeptide function (Campbell and Scanes, 1995). The term “moonlighting protein” was introduced to describe a single protein that has multiple functions not due to gene fusions, splice variants or multiple proteolytic fragments (Jeffery, 2009; Huberts and van der Klei, 201 ...
... along with their classic neuropeptide function (Campbell and Scanes, 1995). The term “moonlighting protein” was introduced to describe a single protein that has multiple functions not due to gene fusions, splice variants or multiple proteolytic fragments (Jeffery, 2009; Huberts and van der Klei, 201 ...
Bma: Visual Tool for Modeling and Analyzing Biological Networks
... The user constructs the models by dragging and dropping elements onto a gridded canvas. Cell membranes that are added fill an entire square in the grid. These have no functional use in the analysis and simply allow the user to pictorially represent a cell. Proteins can be placed either in or outside ...
... The user constructs the models by dragging and dropping elements onto a gridded canvas. Cell membranes that are added fill an entire square in the grid. These have no functional use in the analysis and simply allow the user to pictorially represent a cell. Proteins can be placed either in or outside ...
Variations in the correlation of Gene Ontology annotations with
... The assignment of Gene Ontology (GO) terms to proteins has become an important method for characterising the function, process and cellular component of a protein such that comparisons can be made between proteins and their roles within and between species. Semantic similarity analysis is a means of ...
... The assignment of Gene Ontology (GO) terms to proteins has become an important method for characterising the function, process and cellular component of a protein such that comparisons can be made between proteins and their roles within and between species. Semantic similarity analysis is a means of ...
INDUCTION OF ß-GALACTOSIDASE IN E.COLI
... INDUCTION OF ß-GALACTOSIDASE IN E.COLI The machinery of RNA and protein synthesis needs a great amount of energy. The strictly controlled energy metabolism of living cells demands very selective and careful control of these processes. Enzyme induction and repression serve both in procaryotes and in ...
... INDUCTION OF ß-GALACTOSIDASE IN E.COLI The machinery of RNA and protein synthesis needs a great amount of energy. The strictly controlled energy metabolism of living cells demands very selective and careful control of these processes. Enzyme induction and repression serve both in procaryotes and in ...
Gene Section TACC2 (transforming, acidic coiled-coil containing protein 2)
... often shows species 65-70 kDa (corresponding in size to ORF-BC015736 and AAF63433 isoforms), however the variability in intensity in different preparations from the same cell type suggests that these species could also arise as a product of degradation (PEST sequences support that TACC2 is subject t ...
... often shows species 65-70 kDa (corresponding in size to ORF-BC015736 and AAF63433 isoforms), however the variability in intensity in different preparations from the same cell type suggests that these species could also arise as a product of degradation (PEST sequences support that TACC2 is subject t ...
Chapter 11: The Eukaryotic Chromosome: An Organelle for
... 2. Nucleosomes in the decompacted area unwind to allow the initiation of transcription 3. By influencing gene expression, chromatin packaging affects tissue differentiation B. Extreme condensation silences expression 1. Position effect variegation in Drosophila: moving a gene near heterochromatin p ...
... 2. Nucleosomes in the decompacted area unwind to allow the initiation of transcription 3. By influencing gene expression, chromatin packaging affects tissue differentiation B. Extreme condensation silences expression 1. Position effect variegation in Drosophila: moving a gene near heterochromatin p ...
Towards a Phylogeny of Bacteriophage via Protein Importance
... two proteins. The value of the function at the optimized t is a transition probability matrix for the amino acid transition probability. Note that the same amino acid transition rate matrix, Q, is determined for an entire family of proteins, but there is a different transition probability matrix, P, ...
... two proteins. The value of the function at the optimized t is a transition probability matrix for the amino acid transition probability. Note that the same amino acid transition rate matrix, Q, is determined for an entire family of proteins, but there is a different transition probability matrix, P, ...
PowerPoint Presentation - Modeling the Organism: The Cell in
... A Few Questions for Thought • Describe the life cycle of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, noting relationships between mitotic growth, the alternation of generations, meiosis, conjugation and spore formation. •Review the compartments and cytoskeleton of the eukaryotic cell, comparing and contrasting what ...
... A Few Questions for Thought • Describe the life cycle of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, noting relationships between mitotic growth, the alternation of generations, meiosis, conjugation and spore formation. •Review the compartments and cytoskeleton of the eukaryotic cell, comparing and contrasting what ...
Phosphorylation and concomitant structural changes in human 2
... H2O2 catabolic peroxidase activity (Fig. 2A) but also a chaperone activity that suppressed thermal aggregation of model substrate MDH at 43 C (Fig. 2B). However, no inhibition of MDH aggregation was observed by the addition of excessive amounts of bovine serum albumin alone. To estimate the influenc ...
... H2O2 catabolic peroxidase activity (Fig. 2A) but also a chaperone activity that suppressed thermal aggregation of model substrate MDH at 43 C (Fig. 2B). However, no inhibition of MDH aggregation was observed by the addition of excessive amounts of bovine serum albumin alone. To estimate the influenc ...
Enzymes
... (steady) internal balance. • In living things, homeostasis shares a close relationship with enzyme function. • Enzymes can destroy harmful substances that might disrupt homeostasis. – And homeostasis maintains conditions necessary for enzymes to function. ...
... (steady) internal balance. • In living things, homeostasis shares a close relationship with enzyme function. • Enzymes can destroy harmful substances that might disrupt homeostasis. – And homeostasis maintains conditions necessary for enzymes to function. ...
Name:
... 24. What is diffusion? (Give an example of where it occurs in the body) 25. What does dynamic equilibrium refer to? 26. What is osmosis? (Give an example of where it occurs in the body) 27. Describe passive transport. 28. Describe the two types of passive transport proteins. 29. Describe how passive ...
... 24. What is diffusion? (Give an example of where it occurs in the body) 25. What does dynamic equilibrium refer to? 26. What is osmosis? (Give an example of where it occurs in the body) 27. Describe passive transport. 28. Describe the two types of passive transport proteins. 29. Describe how passive ...
were performed essentially as described previously (Witt et al
... Interaction of between nebulin and titin. To survey for the residues in titin mediating binding to nebulin, we used a SPOTS blot membrane (JPT, Berlin) that displays exon 4 – exon 7 of titin (see also EMBL data library, accession AJ277892) as a series of 31 overlapping residues (peptides were acetyl ...
... Interaction of between nebulin and titin. To survey for the residues in titin mediating binding to nebulin, we used a SPOTS blot membrane (JPT, Berlin) that displays exon 4 – exon 7 of titin (see also EMBL data library, accession AJ277892) as a series of 31 overlapping residues (peptides were acetyl ...
Proteins and Enzymes Assessment Statements 7.5.1 Explain the
... substance than it needs. Many metabolic reactions occur in an assembly line type of process so that a specific end product can be achieved. Each step is catalyzed by a specific enzyme. When the end product is made in a sufficient quantity, the assembly line is shut down. This is usually done by inhi ...
... substance than it needs. Many metabolic reactions occur in an assembly line type of process so that a specific end product can be achieved. Each step is catalyzed by a specific enzyme. When the end product is made in a sufficient quantity, the assembly line is shut down. This is usually done by inhi ...
BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
... structure and function of proteins, nucleic acids, and their complexes. The topics addressed are a selection of modern biophysical methods applied to current questions in macromolecular biochemistry. In particular, the interplay of structure and function of biological macromolecules will be highligh ...
... structure and function of proteins, nucleic acids, and their complexes. The topics addressed are a selection of modern biophysical methods applied to current questions in macromolecular biochemistry. In particular, the interplay of structure and function of biological macromolecules will be highligh ...
Bis2A 14.0 Regulation of Gene Expression Overview
... Prokaryotic organisms are single-celled organisms that lack a cell nucleus, and their DNA therefore oats freely in the cell cytoplasm. To synthesize a protein, the processes of transcription and translation occur almost simultaneously. When the resulting protein is no longer needed, transcription s ...
... Prokaryotic organisms are single-celled organisms that lack a cell nucleus, and their DNA therefore oats freely in the cell cytoplasm. To synthesize a protein, the processes of transcription and translation occur almost simultaneously. When the resulting protein is no longer needed, transcription s ...
Additional file 1
... - bridging centrality (br) - We have previously shown that cellular degree (kh) and betweenness (bh) measures of host proteins are partially correlated within the human cellular network [3]. We have also demonstrated, when considering low degree proteins (LD), that Hepatitis C Virus proteins tend to ...
... - bridging centrality (br) - We have previously shown that cellular degree (kh) and betweenness (bh) measures of host proteins are partially correlated within the human cellular network [3]. We have also demonstrated, when considering low degree proteins (LD), that Hepatitis C Virus proteins tend to ...
B Ca(2+)
... then embedded, sectioned and stained as previously described7. Electron micrographs of neuromuscular junctions on muscle fiber number 6 from abdominal segments 3 and 4 were taken at 12,000X magnification on a JEOL 2000 EX-II 200 keV transmission electron microscope. Images were scanned using an Agfa ...
... then embedded, sectioned and stained as previously described7. Electron micrographs of neuromuscular junctions on muscle fiber number 6 from abdominal segments 3 and 4 were taken at 12,000X magnification on a JEOL 2000 EX-II 200 keV transmission electron microscope. Images were scanned using an Agfa ...
Chapter 4B Lecture
... right-handed helices interrupted by bends, some of which are ß turns (Fig. 4-16a). Seventy-eight per cent of the residues of myoglobin occur in the helical regions (Table 4-4, see below). The heme group is mostly surrounded by the polypeptide chain and sits in a crevice which is barely exposed a ...
... right-handed helices interrupted by bends, some of which are ß turns (Fig. 4-16a). Seventy-eight per cent of the residues of myoglobin occur in the helical regions (Table 4-4, see below). The heme group is mostly surrounded by the polypeptide chain and sits in a crevice which is barely exposed a ...
Introduction to Macromolecular Structures
... all over the whole molecule. If the fitting suddenly becomes bad in some region, it may indicate that something wrong with the fitting. Missing density is much better than extra density. It’s rarely seen that there is a blob of extra density for Gly, Ala or Pro residue. The model should make chemica ...
... all over the whole molecule. If the fitting suddenly becomes bad in some region, it may indicate that something wrong with the fitting. Missing density is much better than extra density. It’s rarely seen that there is a blob of extra density for Gly, Ala or Pro residue. The model should make chemica ...
Structure determination by X
... all over the whole molecule. If the fitting suddenly becomes bad in some region, it may indicate that something wrong with the fitting. Missing density is much better than extra density. It’s rarely seen that there is a blob of extra density for Gly, Ala or Pro residue. The model should make chemica ...
... all over the whole molecule. If the fitting suddenly becomes bad in some region, it may indicate that something wrong with the fitting. Missing density is much better than extra density. It’s rarely seen that there is a blob of extra density for Gly, Ala or Pro residue. The model should make chemica ...
Slide 1 - Elsevier
... TATA element. The TATA element is shown binding the TATA-binding protein (TBP). Multiple general transcription factors (IIA, IIB, etc.) and RNA polymerase II (pol II) associate with TBP. Each transcription factor comprises multiple individual proteins complexed together. This basal transcription app ...
... TATA element. The TATA element is shown binding the TATA-binding protein (TBP). Multiple general transcription factors (IIA, IIB, etc.) and RNA polymerase II (pol II) associate with TBP. Each transcription factor comprises multiple individual proteins complexed together. This basal transcription app ...
Protein moonlighting
Protein moonlighting (or gene sharing) is a phenomenon by which a protein can perform more than one function. Ancestral moonlighting proteins originally possessed a single function but through evolution, acquired additional functions. Many proteins that moonlight are enzymes; others are receptors, ion channels or chaperones. The most common primary function of moonlighting proteins is enzymatic catalysis, but these enzymes have acquired secondary non-enzymatic roles. Some examples of functions of moonlighting proteins secondary to catalysis include signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, motility, and structural.Protein moonlighting may occur widely in nature. Protein moonlighting through gene sharing differs from the use of a single gene to generate different proteins by alternative RNA splicing, DNA rearrangement, or post-translational processing. It is also different from multifunctionality of the protein, in which the protein has multiple domains, each serving a different function. Protein moonlighting by gene sharing means that a gene may acquire and maintain a second function without gene duplication and without loss of the primary function. Such genes are under two or more entirely different selective constraints.Various techniques have been used to reveal moonlighting functions in proteins. The detection of a protein in unexpected locations within cells, cell types, or tissues may suggest that a protein has a moonlighting function. Furthermore, sequence or structure homology of a protein may be used to infer both primary function as well as secondary moonlighting functions of a protein.The most well-studied examples of gene sharing are crystallins. These proteins, when expressed at low levels in many tissues function as enzymes, but when expressed at high levels in eye tissue, become densely packed and thus form lenses. While the recognition of gene sharing is relatively recent—the term was coined in 1988, after crystallins in chickens and ducks were found to be identical to separately identified enzymes—recent studies have found many examples throughout the living world. Joram Piatigorsky has suggested that many or all proteins exhibit gene sharing to some extent, and that gene sharing is a key aspect of molecular evolution. The genes encoding crystallins must maintain sequences for catalytic function and transparency maintenance function.Inappropriate moonlighting is a contributing factor in some genetic diseases, and moonlighting provides a possible mechanism by which bacteria may become resistant to antibiotics.