Bacterial Foodborne Diseases
... grow at 4-15 to 35-55°C, preferring the range 3040°C. The pH range allowing growth is 4.9-9.3; however, in foods such as meat it may grow at pH values as low as 4.35. The minimum water activity (aw) allowing growth is 0.93, with 0.912 being recommended as the minimum for controlling growth in fried ...
... grow at 4-15 to 35-55°C, preferring the range 3040°C. The pH range allowing growth is 4.9-9.3; however, in foods such as meat it may grow at pH values as low as 4.35. The minimum water activity (aw) allowing growth is 0.93, with 0.912 being recommended as the minimum for controlling growth in fried ...
MICROBIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF FOOD - Szak-nyelv
... limitations, and are becoming popular in microbial systematics. A more representative sampling of the genome can be obtained by sequencing several functionally unrelated genes, than is possible with a single one. Analyses of whole genome sequences also provide information about the genome structure ...
... limitations, and are becoming popular in microbial systematics. A more representative sampling of the genome can be obtained by sequencing several functionally unrelated genes, than is possible with a single one. Analyses of whole genome sequences also provide information about the genome structure ...
CASE 1: IMPETIGO
... longer in contact with the human host as a result of desiccation and rapid loss of infectivity.[10] Of note, it has been found that it has the ability to form a biofilm outside of the host, allowing for the bacterium to remain viable for extended periods of time, while remaining infectious.[10] This ...
... longer in contact with the human host as a result of desiccation and rapid loss of infectivity.[10] Of note, it has been found that it has the ability to form a biofilm outside of the host, allowing for the bacterium to remain viable for extended periods of time, while remaining infectious.[10] This ...
Effect of Alternative Household Sanitizing Formulations
... Importance of Cross Contamination to Foodborne Illness According the Center for Disease Control (CDC), approximately 76 million foodborne illnesses occur each year in the United States. Of those 76 million, there are 325,000 hospitalizations and 5,000 deaths (CDC 2005). Several factors must be in pl ...
... Importance of Cross Contamination to Foodborne Illness According the Center for Disease Control (CDC), approximately 76 million foodborne illnesses occur each year in the United States. Of those 76 million, there are 325,000 hospitalizations and 5,000 deaths (CDC 2005). Several factors must be in pl ...
Pathogens, Commensal Symbionts, and
... proliferates and secretes toxins. Although P. aeruginosa, coagulase-negative staphylococci, and C. difficile play an important role in the clinical management of hospitalized patients, these bacteria do not formally fulfill the third Koch’s postulate. They fail to infect healthy individuals but requir ...
... proliferates and secretes toxins. Although P. aeruginosa, coagulase-negative staphylococci, and C. difficile play an important role in the clinical management of hospitalized patients, these bacteria do not formally fulfill the third Koch’s postulate. They fail to infect healthy individuals but requir ...
File - Riske Science
... kinds of bacteria. They are usually more potent. Broad range antibiotics are effective against a wide range of bacteria. When doctors diagnose patients suspected of having bacterial infections, they must first take samples of body fluids, and try to determine the precise type of infection. A broad r ...
... kinds of bacteria. They are usually more potent. Broad range antibiotics are effective against a wide range of bacteria. When doctors diagnose patients suspected of having bacterial infections, they must first take samples of body fluids, and try to determine the precise type of infection. A broad r ...
T Lymphocyte Responses + Despite Augmenting Antigen
... days 3–7 (Fig. 1B). A lower inoculum of 103 CFU Listeria revealed similar results (data not shown). Furthermore, in one experiment in which BALB/c mice were infected with the normally well-tolerated dose of 1 ⫻ 105 CFU Listeria, 58% (7 of 12) of Flt3-L-treated mice, but only 8% (1 of 12) of controls ...
... days 3–7 (Fig. 1B). A lower inoculum of 103 CFU Listeria revealed similar results (data not shown). Furthermore, in one experiment in which BALB/c mice were infected with the normally well-tolerated dose of 1 ⫻ 105 CFU Listeria, 58% (7 of 12) of Flt3-L-treated mice, but only 8% (1 of 12) of controls ...
Lecture 15-CNS Infections
... Kerning's sign: while patient is lying supine, with the hip and knee flexed to 90 degrees pain limits passive extension of the knee Brudzinski's sign: flexion of the neck causes involuntary flexion of the knee and hip ...
... Kerning's sign: while patient is lying supine, with the hip and knee flexed to 90 degrees pain limits passive extension of the knee Brudzinski's sign: flexion of the neck causes involuntary flexion of the knee and hip ...
LACTIC ACID BACTERIA AS BIOPROTECTIVE AGENTS AGAINST FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND SPOILAGE
... can cause considerably economic losses for the industry, apart from being the origin of foodborne diseases. Some of the most important contaminants of fresh products can be human pathogens like Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas ae ...
... can cause considerably economic losses for the industry, apart from being the origin of foodborne diseases. Some of the most important contaminants of fresh products can be human pathogens like Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas ae ...
Lecture 7
... Using the host cell nutrients siderophores • =protein secreted by some bacteria in order to obtain free iron !!-iron is required for the growth of pathogenic • bacteria !!-in human body the concentration of free • iron is low = most of it is bound to iron ...
... Using the host cell nutrients siderophores • =protein secreted by some bacteria in order to obtain free iron !!-iron is required for the growth of pathogenic • bacteria !!-in human body the concentration of free • iron is low = most of it is bound to iron ...
W09micr430Lec18 - Cal State LA
... A pathogen must gain access to nutrients and appropriate growth conditions before colonization and growth in substantial numbers in host tissue can occur. Organisms may grow locally at the site of invasion or may spread through the body. If extensive bacterial growth in tissues occurs, some of the o ...
... A pathogen must gain access to nutrients and appropriate growth conditions before colonization and growth in substantial numbers in host tissue can occur. Organisms may grow locally at the site of invasion or may spread through the body. If extensive bacterial growth in tissues occurs, some of the o ...
Empiric Treatment: Pneumonia
... percentages will vary with bacterial, viral, or other causes of meningitis. For example, bacterial meningitis causes a greatly lower than normal percentage of glucose to be present in CSF, as the bacteria are essentially "eating" the host's glucose, and using it for their own nutrition and energy pr ...
... percentages will vary with bacterial, viral, or other causes of meningitis. For example, bacterial meningitis causes a greatly lower than normal percentage of glucose to be present in CSF, as the bacteria are essentially "eating" the host's glucose, and using it for their own nutrition and energy pr ...
Requirements for Infection
... layer. Therefore, cuts or wounds limited to this layer are less likely to spread beyond the site of entry. In contrast, the dermis is associated with blood vessels, and cuts or wounds that involve this layer or go deeper are far more likely to cause more serious systemic infections. This is even mor ...
... layer. Therefore, cuts or wounds limited to this layer are less likely to spread beyond the site of entry. In contrast, the dermis is associated with blood vessels, and cuts or wounds that involve this layer or go deeper are far more likely to cause more serious systemic infections. This is even mor ...
Chlamydia trachomatis
... In addition it can cause a pharyngitis, bronchitis, sinusitis and possibly atherosclerosis. The organism was originally called the TWAR strain from the names of the two original isolates - Taiwan (TW-183) and an acute respiratory isolate designated AR-39. Pathogenesis - The organism is transmitted p ...
... In addition it can cause a pharyngitis, bronchitis, sinusitis and possibly atherosclerosis. The organism was originally called the TWAR strain from the names of the two original isolates - Taiwan (TW-183) and an acute respiratory isolate designated AR-39. Pathogenesis - The organism is transmitted p ...
THE GENUS CLOSTRIDUM
... In addition it can cause a pharyngitis, bronchitis, sinusitis and possibly atherosclerosis. The organism was originally called the TWAR strain from the names of the two original isolates - Taiwan (TW-183) and an acute respiratory isolate designated AR-39. Pathogenesis - The organism is transmitted p ...
... In addition it can cause a pharyngitis, bronchitis, sinusitis and possibly atherosclerosis. The organism was originally called the TWAR strain from the names of the two original isolates - Taiwan (TW-183) and an acute respiratory isolate designated AR-39. Pathogenesis - The organism is transmitted p ...
Campylobacter
... of domestic pets, wild animals and birds, and poultry. Larger numbers of the bacteria may be present in raw chickens, turkey and ducks. Unpasteurised milk; shellfish and water contaminated with animal faeces are also known sources of infection. It is possible for Campylobacter bacteria to remain in ...
... of domestic pets, wild animals and birds, and poultry. Larger numbers of the bacteria may be present in raw chickens, turkey and ducks. Unpasteurised milk; shellfish and water contaminated with animal faeces are also known sources of infection. It is possible for Campylobacter bacteria to remain in ...
INTRODUCTION IN MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY
... Typical representative of this group is Vibrio cholerae. ...
... Typical representative of this group is Vibrio cholerae. ...
Gram Staining - Mount Mansfield Union High School
... • Metabolizing the host– Heterotrophic bacteria obtain nutrients by secreting enzymes that break down organic structures and absorb them – If the environment is your throat or lungs, this can cause serious problems! • Ex. – Tuberculosis settles into the lungs and use human tissue as their nutrients ...
... • Metabolizing the host– Heterotrophic bacteria obtain nutrients by secreting enzymes that break down organic structures and absorb them – If the environment is your throat or lungs, this can cause serious problems! • Ex. – Tuberculosis settles into the lungs and use human tissue as their nutrients ...
No Slide Title
... Yersinia enterocolitica Typically, only a small number of human cases of Yersiniosis are recognized. Symptoms are like that of appendicitis and out breaks are often detected by a sudden increase in appendectomies in a particular region. The Center for Disease Control & Prevention estimates that abou ...
... Yersinia enterocolitica Typically, only a small number of human cases of Yersiniosis are recognized. Symptoms are like that of appendicitis and out breaks are often detected by a sudden increase in appendectomies in a particular region. The Center for Disease Control & Prevention estimates that abou ...
now
... eyelids and forms a depot to control possible secondary bacterial infection. Thin metal clips which are placed at a right angle to the eyelids, and closed using fine pliers (Eales clips), can also be used to evert the lower eyelid. These clips have the advantage that they can be inserted quickly by ...
... eyelids and forms a depot to control possible secondary bacterial infection. Thin metal clips which are placed at a right angle to the eyelids, and closed using fine pliers (Eales clips), can also be used to evert the lower eyelid. These clips have the advantage that they can be inserted quickly by ...
Listeria monocytogenes in fish farming and processing
... Kingdom and Pirie (1927) in South Africa recognised a disease in laboratory rabbits, guineapigs and gerbils caused by a Gram-positive bacillus. Pirie named the causative bacterium Listerella hepatolytica and Murray, Webb and Swann named the bacterium Bacterium monocytogenes as it produced large mono ...
... Kingdom and Pirie (1927) in South Africa recognised a disease in laboratory rabbits, guineapigs and gerbils caused by a Gram-positive bacillus. Pirie named the causative bacterium Listerella hepatolytica and Murray, Webb and Swann named the bacterium Bacterium monocytogenes as it produced large mono ...
Risk Assessment for Fresh Hispanic Cheese
... of starter cultures, neutral pH, low salt content and high moisture would contribute to the growth of bacteria from raw milk. Epidemiology A number of bacterial pathogens have been associated with fresh Hispanic cheese outbreaks. Of the 32 cheeserelated outbreaks that occurred between 1973 and 1992, ...
... of starter cultures, neutral pH, low salt content and high moisture would contribute to the growth of bacteria from raw milk. Epidemiology A number of bacterial pathogens have been associated with fresh Hispanic cheese outbreaks. Of the 32 cheeserelated outbreaks that occurred between 1973 and 1992, ...
File
... Francisella tularensis is classified as a Category A bioterrorism agent by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Inhaling as few as ten of these bacteria can develop into an acute, lethal pneumonia if untreated. Studies using mouse models of tularemia have shown that F. tularensis invades ...
... Francisella tularensis is classified as a Category A bioterrorism agent by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Inhaling as few as ten of these bacteria can develop into an acute, lethal pneumonia if untreated. Studies using mouse models of tularemia have shown that F. tularensis invades ...
Chapter 15
... – Contribute to virulence by killing host immune cells (phagocytic cells) and aid bacteria to escape from phagosomes into the host’s cytoplasm • e.g. Leukocidins (kill phagocytic leukocytes and macrophages by forming protein channels) ...
... – Contribute to virulence by killing host immune cells (phagocytic cells) and aid bacteria to escape from phagosomes into the host’s cytoplasm • e.g. Leukocidins (kill phagocytic leukocytes and macrophages by forming protein channels) ...
common_infectious_diseses
... Common Infectious Disease Classification – not all are contagious (human to human transmission) and the ones that are vary in their mode of transmission. Some are human>human, others involve an animal vector (zoonotic). DISEASES CLASSIFIED BY SPECIFIC PATHOGEN (in some cases more than one closely re ...
... Common Infectious Disease Classification – not all are contagious (human to human transmission) and the ones that are vary in their mode of transmission. Some are human>human, others involve an animal vector (zoonotic). DISEASES CLASSIFIED BY SPECIFIC PATHOGEN (in some cases more than one closely re ...
Listeria monocytogenes
Listeria monocytogenes is the bacterium that causes the infection listeriosis. It is a facultative anaerobic bacterium, capable of surviving in the presence or absence of oxygen. It can grow and reproduce inside the host's cells and is one of the most virulent foodborne pathogens, with 20 to 30% of clinical infections resulting in death. Responsible for an estimated 1,600 illnesses and 260 deaths in the United States (U.S.) annually, listeriosis is the third-leading cause of death among foodborne bacterial pathogens, with fatality rates exceeding even Salmonella and Clostridium botulinum.L. monocytogenes is a Gram-positive bacterium, in the division Firmicutes, named after Joseph Lister. Motile via flagella at 30°C and below, but usually not at 37°C, L. monocytogenes can instead move within eukaryotic cells by explosive polymerization of actin filaments (known as comet tails or actin rockets).Studies suggest up to 10% of human gastrointestinal tracts may be colonized by L. monocytogenes.Nevertheless, clinical diseases due to L. monocytogenes are more frequently recognized by veterinarians, especially as meningoencephalitis in ruminants. See: listeriosis in animals.Due to its frequent pathogenicity, causing meningitis in newborns (acquired transvaginally), pregnant mothers are often advised not to eat soft cheeses such as Brie, Camembert, feta, and queso blanco fresco, which may be contaminated with and permit growth of L. monocytogenes. It is the third-most-common cause of meningitis in newborns.