Cohen paper, revised
... problem that the terms are new or neologistic. If someone needs to know which domain we’re talking about, it’s easy to key them in. One way is to use Cohen’s helpful suggestion that the domain epistemology is concerned with is “the kind of rationality [/justification/normativity] that applies exclus ...
... problem that the terms are new or neologistic. If someone needs to know which domain we’re talking about, it’s easy to key them in. One way is to use Cohen’s helpful suggestion that the domain epistemology is concerned with is “the kind of rationality [/justification/normativity] that applies exclus ...
Nussbaum and Wolf Reading Study Guide Phil 240 Introduction to
... Recent philosophy has seen a large resurgence of interest in theorizing about the virtues, but many virtue-oriented ethical theories have involved some version of relativism—the view that ethics can only articulate local ideals rather than offering any universally valid norms of conduct. In contrast ...
... Recent philosophy has seen a large resurgence of interest in theorizing about the virtues, but many virtue-oriented ethical theories have involved some version of relativism—the view that ethics can only articulate local ideals rather than offering any universally valid norms of conduct. In contrast ...
What is ethics
... • Guiding principle: never do anything to another person that we would not want done to ourselves ...
... • Guiding principle: never do anything to another person that we would not want done to ourselves ...
Moral Rationalism and Rational Amoralism
... In this essay I will defend rationalism against these worries. But I hope to do more than that. I intend to show how the rationality of people like those described above is compatible with two plausible versions of internalism. Second, I will show how properly formulated rationalism serves to explai ...
... In this essay I will defend rationalism against these worries. But I hope to do more than that. I intend to show how the rationality of people like those described above is compatible with two plausible versions of internalism. Second, I will show how properly formulated rationalism serves to explai ...
Class #10 - 5/14/12
... The Utilitarianism approach of Bentham and the greatest happiness principle is deeply flawed. “Ask yourself whether you are happy and you cease to be so.” In response to Bentham, John Stuart Mill claims that happiness is an intellectual achievement, not merely pleasure. Mill argued that you cannot s ...
... The Utilitarianism approach of Bentham and the greatest happiness principle is deeply flawed. “Ask yourself whether you are happy and you cease to be so.” In response to Bentham, John Stuart Mill claims that happiness is an intellectual achievement, not merely pleasure. Mill argued that you cannot s ...
Foundationalism
... something other than S’s other beliefs or the coherence of her belief system, something that is by itself sufficient for B’s justification. However, this characterization rules out what we might call brute basicality, the view that basic beliefs are justified but do not owe their justification to an ...
... something other than S’s other beliefs or the coherence of her belief system, something that is by itself sufficient for B’s justification. However, this characterization rules out what we might call brute basicality, the view that basic beliefs are justified but do not owe their justification to an ...
Ethical Relativism 2 Kinds of Relativism: ethical relativism and social
... Moral reasoning, persuasion, education, criticism, dispute, debate and justification all suppose there are reasons for and against different moral judgments, and only a restricted range of reasons at that. But all of these activities take place within a moral system, within a moral practice. The met ...
... Moral reasoning, persuasion, education, criticism, dispute, debate and justification all suppose there are reasons for and against different moral judgments, and only a restricted range of reasons at that. But all of these activities take place within a moral system, within a moral practice. The met ...
303 3
... • Utilitarianism is ungodly because it proposes utility, rather than the Bible or God, as a basis for moral judgments. • Utilitarianism is unworkable because no one has the time to calculate all the consequences of an action beforehand. • Utilitarianism is unworkable because we cannot know the full ...
... • Utilitarianism is ungodly because it proposes utility, rather than the Bible or God, as a basis for moral judgments. • Utilitarianism is unworkable because no one has the time to calculate all the consequences of an action beforehand. • Utilitarianism is unworkable because we cannot know the full ...
Sample File - 2
... able to back up their positions with well-thought-out arguments. 2. Work through several examples of constructing moral arguments and identifying fallacies, with the class or in small groups. If your students have not had a prior course in philosophy or logic they may have difficulty with some of th ...
... able to back up their positions with well-thought-out arguments. 2. Work through several examples of constructing moral arguments and identifying fallacies, with the class or in small groups. If your students have not had a prior course in philosophy or logic they may have difficulty with some of th ...
Class #9 - 8/5/10
... egoism, but would say that when we do so, we may be acting unethically. • Note that Utilitarians are hard absolutists. • The principle of utility is sometimes referred to as the greatest happiness principle. • Utilitarianism is similar to but should be distinguished from the view held by Machiavelli ...
... egoism, but would say that when we do so, we may be acting unethically. • Note that Utilitarians are hard absolutists. • The principle of utility is sometimes referred to as the greatest happiness principle. • Utilitarianism is similar to but should be distinguished from the view held by Machiavelli ...
Ethical Pluralism and Relativism
... We may be able to tolerate other people’s different moral values because we are willing to cooperate and live together in the same society. Thus individual relativism can be refuted if people in the same society share the same political courses. But can neutrality and tolerance be maintained when we ...
... We may be able to tolerate other people’s different moral values because we are willing to cooperate and live together in the same society. Thus individual relativism can be refuted if people in the same society share the same political courses. But can neutrality and tolerance be maintained when we ...
EXPERIENCE AND PERCEPTUAL BELIEF
... transcend introspective reports and cannot be validly derived from them. And it is perceptual statements about the world outside us that we need for the ‘empirical basis of science’. We cannot test scientific theories against introspective reports from scientists, because scientific theories (save f ...
... transcend introspective reports and cannot be validly derived from them. And it is perceptual statements about the world outside us that we need for the ‘empirical basis of science’. We cannot test scientific theories against introspective reports from scientists, because scientific theories (save f ...
ILA Powerpoint - Society for Personality and Social Psychology
... These 2 themes, or dimensions, emerged across a number of studies of individual differences in moral judgment ...
... These 2 themes, or dimensions, emerged across a number of studies of individual differences in moral judgment ...
4: Law and Order
... inhibitory neurotransmitter, GABA (gammaamino-butyric-acid) which counteracts the effect of glutamate, an excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain's limbic ...
... inhibitory neurotransmitter, GABA (gammaamino-butyric-acid) which counteracts the effect of glutamate, an excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain's limbic ...
Andrew Baker - Georgetown Commons
... p.238). However, merely objecting to ethical relativism does not inevitably include uncritical thinking. One can believe in the values and edicts of one’s own culture, while still engaging in a critical discussion. Indeed, it is my opinion that a belief in a certain moral code is essential to a crit ...
... p.238). However, merely objecting to ethical relativism does not inevitably include uncritical thinking. One can believe in the values and edicts of one’s own culture, while still engaging in a critical discussion. Indeed, it is my opinion that a belief in a certain moral code is essential to a crit ...
CHAPTER 6
... have us continue and shorten our lives at the same time, which is contradictory. • Lying promise: a rule allowing the intentional violation of a promise would involve a contradiction in willing (one would have to will that they be generally kept and not kept.) • Squandering talents: a rule allowing ...
... have us continue and shorten our lives at the same time, which is contradictory. • Lying promise: a rule allowing the intentional violation of a promise would involve a contradiction in willing (one would have to will that they be generally kept and not kept.) • Squandering talents: a rule allowing ...
Hilary Kornblith, On Reflection
... Though few may sing reflection’s praises aloud, it occupies a central and, some think, indispensable role in much of our theorizing across philosophy. It is a familiar, almost commonsensical, thought that what distinguishes us from the earth’s “lesser” creatures is our ability to reflect. While cats ...
... Though few may sing reflection’s praises aloud, it occupies a central and, some think, indispensable role in much of our theorizing across philosophy. It is a familiar, almost commonsensical, thought that what distinguishes us from the earth’s “lesser” creatures is our ability to reflect. While cats ...
Minimal Ethics
... established by the moral conundrums of the first part. Having recalled that the basic ingredient of any moral recipe is intuition (not saving a child when you have the opportunity is not moral) and rules of reasoning (duty brings power), the author goes on to discuss the relevance of thought experim ...
... established by the moral conundrums of the first part. Having recalled that the basic ingredient of any moral recipe is intuition (not saving a child when you have the opportunity is not moral) and rules of reasoning (duty brings power), the author goes on to discuss the relevance of thought experim ...
DOC - A Level Philosophy
... more humane than in the past, and there is greater agreement about moral judgements than before because we are discovering real moral truths.) There are two responses noncognitivists can give. First, they can claim that there can be very real improvements in people’s moral views (individually or as ...
... more humane than in the past, and there is greater agreement about moral judgements than before because we are discovering real moral truths.) There are two responses noncognitivists can give. First, they can claim that there can be very real improvements in people’s moral views (individually or as ...
Curriculum Vitae - Centre for Applied Philosophy and Public Ethics
... Project summary What can moral philosophers hope to learn from the sciences of the mind? Recent work on the disorders of autism and psychopathy, has promised to reshape a longstanding philosophical debate between Kantians and Humeans on the role of empathy (sympathy) in moral thinking. This project ...
... Project summary What can moral philosophers hope to learn from the sciences of the mind? Recent work on the disorders of autism and psychopathy, has promised to reshape a longstanding philosophical debate between Kantians and Humeans on the role of empathy (sympathy) in moral thinking. This project ...
Lecture
... 1. Morality is supposed to motivate and guide conduct. 2. I can only be motivated by what is part of my individual psychology. 3. My subjective moral intuitions are part of my psychology, moral principles are not. -----------------------------------------------4. Therefore, morality is subjective. ...
... 1. Morality is supposed to motivate and guide conduct. 2. I can only be motivated by what is part of my individual psychology. 3. My subjective moral intuitions are part of my psychology, moral principles are not. -----------------------------------------------4. Therefore, morality is subjective. ...
it is the right thing to do.
... The Utilitarianism approach of Bentham and the greatest happiness principle is deeply flawed. “Ask yourself whether you are happy and you cease to be so.” In response to Bentham, John Stuart Mill claims that happiness is an intellectual achievement, not merely pleasure. Mill argued that you cannot s ...
... The Utilitarianism approach of Bentham and the greatest happiness principle is deeply flawed. “Ask yourself whether you are happy and you cease to be so.” In response to Bentham, John Stuart Mill claims that happiness is an intellectual achievement, not merely pleasure. Mill argued that you cannot s ...
Rightness and Responsibility
... have formulated it, still gives expression to the idea that there is a noncontingent connection between morality and motivation. At its heart is the thesis that rightness and other moral considerations represent reasons for people to act in accordance with them. This thesis is a version of the posit ...
... have formulated it, still gives expression to the idea that there is a noncontingent connection between morality and motivation. At its heart is the thesis that rightness and other moral considerations represent reasons for people to act in accordance with them. This thesis is a version of the posit ...
Adolescence and Moral Development
... GABA in the limbic system. • THP has two roles, one in the limbic system where it helps to calm things down, and another in the hippocampus where in adolescents it heats things up. The hippocampus is important for emotion regulation. ...
... GABA in the limbic system. • THP has two roles, one in the limbic system where it helps to calm things down, and another in the hippocampus where in adolescents it heats things up. The hippocampus is important for emotion regulation. ...
The Intercultural Ethics Agenda from an Objectivist Point of View
... Intersubjectivism and subjectivism cannot provide coherent motivation for normative project of pursuing agreement on moral principles. Can’t argue for agreement on moral grounds because there is no universal principle that agreement is morally good. Can’t argue for agreement on prudential grounds be ...
... Intersubjectivism and subjectivism cannot provide coherent motivation for normative project of pursuing agreement on moral principles. Can’t argue for agreement on moral grounds because there is no universal principle that agreement is morally good. Can’t argue for agreement on prudential grounds be ...