ARISTOTLE Why be ethical
... principles or maxims. To do this we must be autonomous and free to be able to do our duty. Achieving the supreme good cannot be attained in this life. ...
... principles or maxims. To do this we must be autonomous and free to be able to do our duty. Achieving the supreme good cannot be attained in this life. ...
Altruism and Selfsacrifice
... The Virus Case is like the Bomb Case in nearly all respects. The crucial difference is that in the Bomb Case, the self-sacrificing action is required in order to save people from serious harm that is the result of the gross immorality of another agent. In the Virus Case, the self-sacrificing action ...
... The Virus Case is like the Bomb Case in nearly all respects. The crucial difference is that in the Bomb Case, the self-sacrificing action is required in order to save people from serious harm that is the result of the gross immorality of another agent. In the Virus Case, the self-sacrificing action ...
File - Tallis English & Philosophy
... • Later in his life he defends a kind of Impartial Observer theory: what would we feel when faced with a moral choice? • Hence, Hume’s “Is/Ought Gap”, or “Fact/Value Distinction” – you can't go from a factual statement (an "is") to a moral one (an "ought"), as facts don’t motivate actions (he thinks ...
... • Later in his life he defends a kind of Impartial Observer theory: what would we feel when faced with a moral choice? • Hence, Hume’s “Is/Ought Gap”, or “Fact/Value Distinction” – you can't go from a factual statement (an "is") to a moral one (an "ought"), as facts don’t motivate actions (he thinks ...
What is Ethics?
... Easy to learn how to be a morally good person – you just learn the rules. We do all agree that torturing innocents is wrong (don’t we?). Arguments against Absolutism Why not believe that moral truths are absolute? Sometimes we need flexibility to deal with situations. (Moral dilemma The Promis ...
... Easy to learn how to be a morally good person – you just learn the rules. We do all agree that torturing innocents is wrong (don’t we?). Arguments against Absolutism Why not believe that moral truths are absolute? Sometimes we need flexibility to deal with situations. (Moral dilemma The Promis ...
Morals
... • Animals members of our community • If we treat them badly we display wrong character traits • Gives us no method for arguing for moral considerability or establishing moral significance ...
... • Animals members of our community • If we treat them badly we display wrong character traits • Gives us no method for arguing for moral considerability or establishing moral significance ...
Ethics Glossary
... Areté. The Greek word for "excellence" or "virtue." For the Greeks, this was not limited to human beings. A guitar, for example, has its areté in producing harmonious music, just as a hammer has its excellence or virtue in pounding nails into wood well. So, too, the virtue of an Olympic swimmer is i ...
... Areté. The Greek word for "excellence" or "virtue." For the Greeks, this was not limited to human beings. A guitar, for example, has its areté in producing harmonious music, just as a hammer has its excellence or virtue in pounding nails into wood well. So, too, the virtue of an Olympic swimmer is i ...
NAME: EMMANUEL EMMANUELA OLUWATOSIN. DEPARTMENT
... The idea of human being referred to as “zoo politikon” meaning political animals by Aristotle portrays human beings as social beings, in the sense that no human being can survive alone or be an island( or a Robinson Crusoe) and be satisfied with himself or herself. In full consideration and conclusi ...
... The idea of human being referred to as “zoo politikon” meaning political animals by Aristotle portrays human beings as social beings, in the sense that no human being can survive alone or be an island( or a Robinson Crusoe) and be satisfied with himself or herself. In full consideration and conclusi ...
Immanuel Kant (1724 * 1804)
... person or in that of any other, in every case as an end withal, never as means only.” • This principle, that humanity and generally every rational nature is an end in itself (which is the supreme limiting condition of every man's freedom of action), is not borrowed from experience, … because it is u ...
... person or in that of any other, in every case as an end withal, never as means only.” • This principle, that humanity and generally every rational nature is an end in itself (which is the supreme limiting condition of every man's freedom of action), is not borrowed from experience, … because it is u ...
Moral Development Policy - St Thomas of Canterbury Catholic School
... As they develop a sense of morality, children should become more able to explore the place of reason in ethical matters and acquire value systems which are their own, rather than simply transmitted by others and accepted uncritically. They should also develop an understanding that their behaviour an ...
... As they develop a sense of morality, children should become more able to explore the place of reason in ethical matters and acquire value systems which are their own, rather than simply transmitted by others and accepted uncritically. They should also develop an understanding that their behaviour an ...
William Talbott, Which Rights Should Be Universal
... Different positions about the normative foundations/justified applications of human rights: Universalism about human rights (Talbott’s position) Cultural Relativism (either “extreme moral relativism” or “cultural relativism about internal norms”) Talbott thinks that extreme moral relativism ...
... Different positions about the normative foundations/justified applications of human rights: Universalism about human rights (Talbott’s position) Cultural Relativism (either “extreme moral relativism” or “cultural relativism about internal norms”) Talbott thinks that extreme moral relativism ...
Chapter 4: Ethics, Social Responsibility and Sustainable Development
... There are two different views on how national culture influences ethical behaviour: 1. Cultural relativism: Ethical behaviour is always determined by cultural context (not universal) 2. Ethical imperialism: Behaviour that is unacceptable in one’s home environment should not be acceptable anywhere el ...
... There are two different views on how national culture influences ethical behaviour: 1. Cultural relativism: Ethical behaviour is always determined by cultural context (not universal) 2. Ethical imperialism: Behaviour that is unacceptable in one’s home environment should not be acceptable anywhere el ...
Moral Development - University of Puget Sound
... Conforms to gain reward “It’s Heinz’s life he’s risking, he can do it if he wants” “He’ll probably get caught, so it’s too much risk” Altruism (due to benefits- what’s in it for me) ...
... Conforms to gain reward “It’s Heinz’s life he’s risking, he can do it if he wants” “He’ll probably get caught, so it’s too much risk” Altruism (due to benefits- what’s in it for me) ...
The Basis of Moral Knowledge
... On what basis do we have moral rights? We could try to argue like the 18th century philosophers Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau about a state of nature prior to society and derive human rights from that. Another approach is to argue that they come from reason itself. We have seen attempts to justify mora ...
... On what basis do we have moral rights? We could try to argue like the 18th century philosophers Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau about a state of nature prior to society and derive human rights from that. Another approach is to argue that they come from reason itself. We have seen attempts to justify mora ...
THE NATURE OF MORALITY
... thing, then you will be caught, your conscience will bother you, or in some way “what goes around comes around,” so that your misdeed will come back to haunt you. This is often correct but sometimes just in terms of personal interest – it may pay off for you to do what you know to be wrong. ...
... thing, then you will be caught, your conscience will bother you, or in some way “what goes around comes around,” so that your misdeed will come back to haunt you. This is often correct but sometimes just in terms of personal interest – it may pay off for you to do what you know to be wrong. ...
A Psychological Approach to Ethics
... carry it out. But if others know that the costs of retaliation are prohibitive, they will realize the threat is empty. Unless, of course, they believe they are dealing with someone who simply likes to retaliate. Such a person may strike back even when it is not in his material interests to do so. Bu ...
... carry it out. But if others know that the costs of retaliation are prohibitive, they will realize the threat is empty. Unless, of course, they believe they are dealing with someone who simply likes to retaliate. Such a person may strike back even when it is not in his material interests to do so. Bu ...
Glosario Etica
... Arete. The Greek word for "excellence" or "virtue." For the Greeks, this was not limited to human beings. A guitar, for example, has its aret* in producing harmonious music, just as a hammer has its excellence or virtue in pounding nails into wood well. So, too, the virtue of an Olympic swimmer is i ...
... Arete. The Greek word for "excellence" or "virtue." For the Greeks, this was not limited to human beings. A guitar, for example, has its aret* in producing harmonious music, just as a hammer has its excellence or virtue in pounding nails into wood well. So, too, the virtue of an Olympic swimmer is i ...
Moral Leadership
... What moral theory applies or informs the leader best how to decide or act? What core values are involved in the situation? Do the people, circumstances, and culture provide salience to making a choice ...
... What moral theory applies or informs the leader best how to decide or act? What core values are involved in the situation? Do the people, circumstances, and culture provide salience to making a choice ...
MacIntyre and Emotivism
... “bad,” “right,” “wrong,” all in their specifically moral senses o What do these terms refer to? o How are these terms used? Moral metaphysics o Are there properties that correspond to moral terms? o If so, what kind of properties are they? Moral epistemology o Are moral statements the kind of st ...
... “bad,” “right,” “wrong,” all in their specifically moral senses o What do these terms refer to? o How are these terms used? Moral metaphysics o Are there properties that correspond to moral terms? o If so, what kind of properties are they? Moral epistemology o Are moral statements the kind of st ...
Moral Development in Adolescents
... behavior if his parents allow him to make choices instead of pressuring him to respond to mandates. Parents must also take an active interest in discussing the importance of responsibility to an adolescent. For example, if a young teen wishes to go on a date with a boy she is interested in, her pare ...
... behavior if his parents allow him to make choices instead of pressuring him to respond to mandates. Parents must also take an active interest in discussing the importance of responsibility to an adolescent. For example, if a young teen wishes to go on a date with a boy she is interested in, her pare ...
Buddhist Ethics
... The ethical teaching of Buddhism advocates an ideal of moral perfection as its ultimate goal. Moral perfection is attained when the unwholesome psychological roots of human behaviour, namely, greed, hatred and delusion are eradicated. They are described as unwholesome roots (akusalamula) because it ...
... The ethical teaching of Buddhism advocates an ideal of moral perfection as its ultimate goal. Moral perfection is attained when the unwholesome psychological roots of human behaviour, namely, greed, hatred and delusion are eradicated. They are described as unwholesome roots (akusalamula) because it ...
PHILOSOPHY 104 – FALL 2008 (TED STOLZE)
... I shouldn’t have to take up the lack; why should I do more just because others are doing too little? I should only have to do my fair share. Singer’s response: yes, doing one’s fair share would go a long way, but even if others don’t do their fair share, I’m still morally obligated to do as much as ...
... I shouldn’t have to take up the lack; why should I do more just because others are doing too little? I should only have to do my fair share. Singer’s response: yes, doing one’s fair share would go a long way, but even if others don’t do their fair share, I’m still morally obligated to do as much as ...
Major Theories in Moral Philosophy
... Ethical relativism, psychological and ethical egoism, utilitarianism and deontology all belong to the type of moral philosophy called Ethics of Conduct, focusing on ”What to Do.” Virtue Ethics, going back to the time of Socrates, Plato and Aristotle, and further back in time, focuses on developi ...
... Ethical relativism, psychological and ethical egoism, utilitarianism and deontology all belong to the type of moral philosophy called Ethics of Conduct, focusing on ”What to Do.” Virtue Ethics, going back to the time of Socrates, Plato and Aristotle, and further back in time, focuses on developi ...
Ethics Lesson 1 - The Engquist Teachers
... • A person who believes that criminals should never be executed might hold some of these fundamental principles: – Murder is always wrong. Even when killing a criminal it would turn an innocent executioner into a murderer. – A person can be punished more by spending their life in prison. Living is m ...
... • A person who believes that criminals should never be executed might hold some of these fundamental principles: – Murder is always wrong. Even when killing a criminal it would turn an innocent executioner into a murderer. – A person can be punished more by spending their life in prison. Living is m ...
Balancing freedom and responsibility
... 1. Reticence to recognize that values and ethics form the foundation for responsible living, for consumer citizenship, for the responses that are needed in face of climate change and social inequity ...
... 1. Reticence to recognize that values and ethics form the foundation for responsible living, for consumer citizenship, for the responses that are needed in face of climate change and social inequity ...
Moral responsibility
In philosophy, moral responsibility is the status of morally deserving praise, blame, reward, or punishment for an act or omission, in accordance with one's moral obligations.Deciding what (if anything) counts as ""morally obligatory"" is a principal concern of ethics.Philosophers refer to people who have moral responsibility for an action as moral agents. Agents have the capability to reflect on their situation, to form intentions about how they will act, and then to carry out that action. The notion of free will has become an important issue in the debate on whether individuals are ever morally responsible for their actions and, if so, in what sense. Incompatibilists regard determinism as at odds with free will, whereas compatibilists think the two can coexist.Moral responsibility does not necessarily equate to legal responsibility. A person is legally responsible for an event when a legal system is liable to penalise that person for that event. Although it may often be the case that when a person is morally responsible for an act, they are also legally responsible for it, the two states do not always coincide.