Sea Lice Monitoring and Non
... the exposure of farmed salmon to sea lice is unknown, since migration timing, migration routes, total abundance of wild hosts and infestation loads on these fish are not fully known. Escaped farmed salmon may also be a source of dispersal, infestation and re-infestation of sea lice to farmed and wil ...
... the exposure of farmed salmon to sea lice is unknown, since migration timing, migration routes, total abundance of wild hosts and infestation loads on these fish are not fully known. Escaped farmed salmon may also be a source of dispersal, infestation and re-infestation of sea lice to farmed and wil ...
Offshore Ecosystems and Habitats
... The surface waters of the Gulf of Maine are strongly influenced by waters from the Scotian Shelf, while deep water from the continental slope enters the Gulf through the Northeast Channel, modulating temperatures and providing a source of nutrients to portions of the Gulf of Maine. The Eastern Maine ...
... The surface waters of the Gulf of Maine are strongly influenced by waters from the Scotian Shelf, while deep water from the continental slope enters the Gulf through the Northeast Channel, modulating temperatures and providing a source of nutrients to portions of the Gulf of Maine. The Eastern Maine ...
Mesopelagic N-2 fixation related to organic matter composition in
... in oligotrophic oceanic areas, and hence has an important role in modulating the ability of the oceans to sequester carbon dioxide [2]. The amount of fixed N in the oceans depends on the difference between ‘gains’ (N2 fixation) and ‘losses’ (denitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation -anammox- ...
... in oligotrophic oceanic areas, and hence has an important role in modulating the ability of the oceans to sequester carbon dioxide [2]. The amount of fixed N in the oceans depends on the difference between ‘gains’ (N2 fixation) and ‘losses’ (denitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation -anammox- ...
The High Seas and Us
... poorly understood of all the Earth’s ecosystems. For example, an estimated 91% of marine species are still to be discovered (Mora et al., 2011). The enormity of the global ocean and the central role it plays in supporting life on Earth came sharply into focus more than 40 years ago when the Apollo m ...
... poorly understood of all the Earth’s ecosystems. For example, an estimated 91% of marine species are still to be discovered (Mora et al., 2011). The enormity of the global ocean and the central role it plays in supporting life on Earth came sharply into focus more than 40 years ago when the Apollo m ...
Sea Lice Review and Summary of Research Priorities
... extent to which salmon aquaculture may contribute to this problem. Levels of lice infestation on mariculture and wild fish in the same near-shore waters are suggested to be consistently higher than on fish found offshore or upstream. However, the paucity of information on the prevalence and intensit ...
... extent to which salmon aquaculture may contribute to this problem. Levels of lice infestation on mariculture and wild fish in the same near-shore waters are suggested to be consistently higher than on fish found offshore or upstream. However, the paucity of information on the prevalence and intensit ...
ECOLOGY OF WHALE FALLS AT THE DEEP-SEA FLOOR
... 1934a,b), and decided that it is “practically certain that the bottom fauna must obtain a more than negligible amount of food from fairly large animals sinking down from the surface.” In considering food sources for the deep sea, Bruun (1956) noted that whale ear bones are often trawled or dredged f ...
... 1934a,b), and decided that it is “practically certain that the bottom fauna must obtain a more than negligible amount of food from fairly large animals sinking down from the surface.” In considering food sources for the deep sea, Bruun (1956) noted that whale ear bones are often trawled or dredged f ...
ecology of whale falls at the deep-sea floor
... 1934a,b), and decided that it is “practically certain that the bottom fauna must obtain a more than negligible amount of food from fairly large animals sinking down from the surface.” In considering food sources for the deep sea, Bruun (1956) noted that whale ear bones are often trawled or dredged f ...
... 1934a,b), and decided that it is “practically certain that the bottom fauna must obtain a more than negligible amount of food from fairly large animals sinking down from the surface.” In considering food sources for the deep sea, Bruun (1956) noted that whale ear bones are often trawled or dredged f ...
Ecological Linkages: Marine and Estuarine Ecosystems of Central
... Every 20-30 years, the surface waters of the central and northern Pacific Ocean shift several degrees from the mean temperature. Such shifts in mean surface water temperature, known as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, have been detected 5 times during ...
... Every 20-30 years, the surface waters of the central and northern Pacific Ocean shift several degrees from the mean temperature. Such shifts in mean surface water temperature, known as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, have been detected 5 times during ...
Ecological Linkages: Marine and Estuarine Ecosystems of Central
... 6. Seasonal sea surface temperature and chlorophyll. These maps were developed summarizing monthly averages for temperature (1996 – 1999) and chlorophyll (1998 – 2000) in a 9 km grid. Maps are representative of upwelling, intermittent upwelling and winter storm periods. ............................. ...
... 6. Seasonal sea surface temperature and chlorophyll. These maps were developed summarizing monthly averages for temperature (1996 – 1999) and chlorophyll (1998 – 2000) in a 9 km grid. Maps are representative of upwelling, intermittent upwelling and winter storm periods. ............................. ...
"Marine Biology Honors" as a life science requisite
... in biochemical common to living organisms. S2(9-10)B1.5 Understands how organisms can be classified on the basis of similar DNA sequences presumed to be inherited from a common ancestor. S2(9-10)B3 Understands the relationships between organizational levels of multi-cellular organisms S2(9-10)B3.1 U ...
... in biochemical common to living organisms. S2(9-10)B1.5 Understands how organisms can be classified on the basis of similar DNA sequences presumed to be inherited from a common ancestor. S2(9-10)B3 Understands the relationships between organizational levels of multi-cellular organisms S2(9-10)B3.1 U ...
Elsevier Editorial System(tm) for Journal of Marine
... pointing to long food chains in which biomass is recycled several times. The opposite state was found in the innermost parts, where the glaciers melt water discharge led to low chlorophyll a concentrations but high abundance of amorphous particles. It resulted in steep slopes indicating more herbivo ...
... pointing to long food chains in which biomass is recycled several times. The opposite state was found in the innermost parts, where the glaciers melt water discharge led to low chlorophyll a concentrations but high abundance of amorphous particles. It resulted in steep slopes indicating more herbivo ...
ocean acidification resulting from
... expressed by a reduced pH. Surface waters of the world oceans have already experienced a pH reduction of about 0.1 pH units. Further reductions of the order of 0.2-0.3 by 2100 are expected and even larger reductions may occur thereafter depending on future emission scenarios. The acidification occur ...
... expressed by a reduced pH. Surface waters of the world oceans have already experienced a pH reduction of about 0.1 pH units. Further reductions of the order of 0.2-0.3 by 2100 are expected and even larger reductions may occur thereafter depending on future emission scenarios. The acidification occur ...
AFSC - Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission
... rock sole, rex sole, and misc. sole and rockfish species, and big and longnose skates. Increasingly, the program is ageing non-commercial species, which either are possible candidates for commercial harvest, or may be important in monitoring the broader ecosystem. These species currently include yel ...
... rock sole, rex sole, and misc. sole and rockfish species, and big and longnose skates. Increasingly, the program is ageing non-commercial species, which either are possible candidates for commercial harvest, or may be important in monitoring the broader ecosystem. These species currently include yel ...
marine biological considerations related to the reverse osmosis
... These models show that increasing the discharge-seawater salinity by the addition of the 2x RO concentrate will elevate its density and that the heated, more saline discharge will sink faster than presently occurs with the heated-only discharge. Sinking increases heat dispersion, which will occur mo ...
... These models show that increasing the discharge-seawater salinity by the addition of the 2x RO concentrate will elevate its density and that the heated, more saline discharge will sink faster than presently occurs with the heated-only discharge. Sinking increases heat dispersion, which will occur mo ...
the Report
... Differences in age-at-maturity between the eastern and western populations in the North Atlantic might support the discrete population hypothesis (i.e. two stocks), however this still remains unknown given the apparently extensive and complex mixing movements identified across the east/west boundary ...
... Differences in age-at-maturity between the eastern and western populations in the North Atlantic might support the discrete population hypothesis (i.e. two stocks), however this still remains unknown given the apparently extensive and complex mixing movements identified across the east/west boundary ...
Use of hydrated lime to control Styela clava in the
... factsheet for pH was prepared in 1999 the guideline remains the same in 2016. These guidelines are science-based and, while determined using toxicity data, they recommend “safe” levels that are lower than reported lethal or toxic thresholds. The CCME water quality guideline for pH states: “The pH of ...
... factsheet for pH was prepared in 1999 the guideline remains the same in 2016. These guidelines are science-based and, while determined using toxicity data, they recommend “safe” levels that are lower than reported lethal or toxic thresholds. The CCME water quality guideline for pH states: “The pH of ...
GFCM Algal and Jellyfish Blooms in the Mediterranean and Black Sea
... nutrients along the Mediterranean coasts. This cultural eutrophication generates a contrast between coastal waters and the open ocean where, owing to summer stratification and nutrient depletion, oligotrophic conditions prevail in the upper layer. Nutrient-rich coastal environments of the Mediterran ...
... nutrients along the Mediterranean coasts. This cultural eutrophication generates a contrast between coastal waters and the open ocean where, owing to summer stratification and nutrient depletion, oligotrophic conditions prevail in the upper layer. Nutrient-rich coastal environments of the Mediterran ...
Microbial Ecosystem Functions Along the Steep Oxygen
... has been known for a long time [36], although only a minority of the microbial cells in seawater have been accessed by cultivation in the laboratory [37]. This cultivation discrepancy, which is true for other environments as well, has been named the “great plate anomaly” [38]. Although cultivation m ...
... has been known for a long time [36], although only a minority of the microbial cells in seawater have been accessed by cultivation in the laboratory [37]. This cultivation discrepancy, which is true for other environments as well, has been named the “great plate anomaly” [38]. Although cultivation m ...
State Responsibility and the High Seas Marine Environment: A
... undertaken during the research vessel Challenger expedition of 1872-76.' However, it was not until after World War II, during which newly developed naval sonar revealed their distribution, that interest in seamounts burgeoned. 14 Since then, seamounts have experienced a steady increase in pressure f ...
... undertaken during the research vessel Challenger expedition of 1872-76.' However, it was not until after World War II, during which newly developed naval sonar revealed their distribution, that interest in seamounts burgeoned. 14 Since then, seamounts have experienced a steady increase in pressure f ...
Urea decomposition by bacteria in the Southern California Bight and
... strategy for acquiring energy from ammonium, an intriguing question is why other mesopelagic bacteria should be ureolytic, i.e. whether there is an energetic advantage or nitrogen limitation. Heterotrophic bacteria in the mesopelagial might use urea (after extra- or intracellular hydrolysis to ammon ...
... strategy for acquiring energy from ammonium, an intriguing question is why other mesopelagic bacteria should be ureolytic, i.e. whether there is an energetic advantage or nitrogen limitation. Heterotrophic bacteria in the mesopelagial might use urea (after extra- or intracellular hydrolysis to ammon ...
Oceanography and Marine Biology An Annual Review volume 47
... a productive phase, can complete growth and division in a few days whilst many zooplankton take months to complete their life cycles. Consequently, longer-lived planktonic organisms can be dispersed over much larger distances compared with shorter-lived species. Although larger organisms such as fis ...
... a productive phase, can complete growth and division in a few days whilst many zooplankton take months to complete their life cycles. Consequently, longer-lived planktonic organisms can be dispersed over much larger distances compared with shorter-lived species. Although larger organisms such as fis ...
Iodine chemistry reflects productivity and denitrification in the
... surface layer (WOSL) where iodide concentrations were in the range of 158–558 nM, and (2) the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) where total iodine concentrations [primarily as iodide and in excess to the oceanic iodine/salinity ratio of B13] varied from B200 to 950 nM. Iodine data in the WOSL of the Arabian ...
... surface layer (WOSL) where iodide concentrations were in the range of 158–558 nM, and (2) the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) where total iodine concentrations [primarily as iodide and in excess to the oceanic iodine/salinity ratio of B13] varied from B200 to 950 nM. Iodine data in the WOSL of the Arabian ...
Ch. 16 Marine and Coastal Systems: Resources, Impacts, and
... • Microscopic phytoplankton constitute the base of the marine food chain in the pelagic zone - Algae, protists, and cyanobacteria • These organisms feed zooplankton - Which then feeds fish, jellyfish, whales, etc. • Predators at higher trophic levels include larger fish, sea turtles, sharks, and fis ...
... • Microscopic phytoplankton constitute the base of the marine food chain in the pelagic zone - Algae, protists, and cyanobacteria • These organisms feed zooplankton - Which then feeds fish, jellyfish, whales, etc. • Predators at higher trophic levels include larger fish, sea turtles, sharks, and fis ...
Moray Eels
... How Do Moray Eels Eat? Moray eels are sometimes fed by a marine biologist that knocks on the rocks to call them The eels hide and wait for small fish so the eels could eat the fish ...
... How Do Moray Eels Eat? Moray eels are sometimes fed by a marine biologist that knocks on the rocks to call them The eels hide and wait for small fish so the eels could eat the fish ...
Plankton trophodynamics at the subtropical convergence, Southern
... across the STC (Altabet and Francois, 1994; Goericke and Fry, 1994). Francois et al. (Francois et al., 1993) found a distinct gradient in d13CPOM in a transect crossing the STC near 688E, with depleted values associated with the cold southern and [CO2(aq)]-rich water mass relative to more enriched v ...
... across the STC (Altabet and Francois, 1994; Goericke and Fry, 1994). Francois et al. (Francois et al., 1993) found a distinct gradient in d13CPOM in a transect crossing the STC near 688E, with depleted values associated with the cold southern and [CO2(aq)]-rich water mass relative to more enriched v ...
Deep sea fish
Deep-sea fish are fish that live in the darkness below the sunlit surface waters, that is below the epipelagic or photic zone of the sea. The lanternfish is, by far, the most common deep-sea fish. Other deep sea fish include the flashlight fish, cookiecutter shark, bristlemouths, anglerfish, and viperfish.Only about 2% of known marine species inhabit the pelagic environment. This means that they live in the water column as opposed to the benthic organisms that live in or on the sea floor. Deep-sea organisms generally inhabit bathypelagic (1000m-4000m deep) and abyssopelagic (4000m-6000m deep) zones. However, characteristics of deep-sea organisms, such as bioluminescence can be seen in the mesopelagic (200m-1000m deep) zone as well. The mesopelagic zone is the disphotic zone, meaning light there is minimal but still measurable. The oxygen minimum layer exists somewhere between a depth of 700m and 1000m deep depending on the place in the ocean. This area is also where nutrients are most abundant. The bathypelagic and abyssopelagic zones are aphotic, meaning that no light penetrates this area of the ocean. These zones make up about 75% of the inhabitable ocean space.The epipelagic zone (0m-200m) is the area where light penetrates the water and photosynthesis occurs. This is also known as the photic zone. Because this typically extends only a few hundred meters below the water, the deep sea, about 90% of the ocean volume, is in darkness. The deep sea is also an extremely hostile environment, with temperatures that rarely exceed 3 °C and fall as low as -1.8 °C (with the exception of hydrothermal vent ecosystems that can exceed 350 °C), low oxygen levels, and pressures between 20 and 1,000 atmospheres (between 2 and 100 megapascals).