Other ways to make ATP
... – Examples: Fe+2 to Fe+3, NH3 to NO2– Requires O2 as terminal electron acceptor – Usually CO2 used as source of carbon ...
... – Examples: Fe+2 to Fe+3, NH3 to NO2– Requires O2 as terminal electron acceptor – Usually CO2 used as source of carbon ...
Chapter 5: How Ecosystems Work
... A _______________________________________________ is a species that colonizes an ________________________________________________ and that starts an ecological cycle in which many other species become established. ...
... A _______________________________________________ is a species that colonizes an ________________________________________________ and that starts an ecological cycle in which many other species become established. ...
Lecture 19
... Metabolism is the overall process through which living systems acquire and utilize free energy to carry out their functions The coupling of exergonic reactions of nutrient breakdown to the endergonic processes is required to maintain the living state How do living things acquire the energy needed fo ...
... Metabolism is the overall process through which living systems acquire and utilize free energy to carry out their functions The coupling of exergonic reactions of nutrient breakdown to the endergonic processes is required to maintain the living state How do living things acquire the energy needed fo ...
“Breathing” Notes
... • Some animals take in oxygen through their skin • Examples: flatworm or earthworm ...
... • Some animals take in oxygen through their skin • Examples: flatworm or earthworm ...
Physical Science EOC Review Name
... ii. What 2 energy storing molecules are produced? iii. (T/F) Solar energy splits water molecules and oxygen is released into the atmosphere as a waste product. c. Stage 2 doesn’t require solar energy and is called the (Light-Dependent or Light Independent) Reactions; Also called the Dark Reactions. ...
... ii. What 2 energy storing molecules are produced? iii. (T/F) Solar energy splits water molecules and oxygen is released into the atmosphere as a waste product. c. Stage 2 doesn’t require solar energy and is called the (Light-Dependent or Light Independent) Reactions; Also called the Dark Reactions. ...
Ecology Unit - Miss Gerges
... carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energyrich carbohydrates such as sugars and starches. This process adds oxygen to the atmosphere and removes carbon dioxide. ...
... carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energyrich carbohydrates such as sugars and starches. This process adds oxygen to the atmosphere and removes carbon dioxide. ...
Plant project
... • Sunlight temperature for warmth for the vines so the heat waves wont make the sugars come out. The grapes grow sooner then expected sometimes , and the skins of the grape grow a outer fuzz from the the grape to protect. ...
... • Sunlight temperature for warmth for the vines so the heat waves wont make the sugars come out. The grapes grow sooner then expected sometimes , and the skins of the grape grow a outer fuzz from the the grape to protect. ...
A. Interphase B. Prophase C. Metaphase D
... _____5. The sun is considered the ultimate source of energy for life on Earth because A. All organisms carry out photosynthesis C. All organisms carry out cellular respiration B. The sun heats the Earth’s atmosphere D. Either photosynthetic organisms or organisms that have eaten them provide energy ...
... _____5. The sun is considered the ultimate source of energy for life on Earth because A. All organisms carry out photosynthesis C. All organisms carry out cellular respiration B. The sun heats the Earth’s atmosphere D. Either photosynthetic organisms or organisms that have eaten them provide energy ...
aerobic vs anerobic ws - Hicksville Public Schools
... a. a 2-carbon molecule from a 6-carbon molecule b. CO2 from a three-carbon molecule ...
... a. a 2-carbon molecule from a 6-carbon molecule b. CO2 from a three-carbon molecule ...
respiration - WordPress.com
... the glucose being broken down, carbon dioxide released along with water and energy Release of enzymes. ...
... the glucose being broken down, carbon dioxide released along with water and energy Release of enzymes. ...
Ecological Systems
... 2. Second Law - Whenever energy changes form, large amounts are lost as heat. -Entropy: The degree of disorder. Organisms utilize energy in orderly forms to do work, this is low entropy. When energy is lost as heat, it becomes disordered, high entropy. -Physicists define energy flow in the universe ...
... 2. Second Law - Whenever energy changes form, large amounts are lost as heat. -Entropy: The degree of disorder. Organisms utilize energy in orderly forms to do work, this is low entropy. When energy is lost as heat, it becomes disordered, high entropy. -Physicists define energy flow in the universe ...
GENERALITIES of the PLANT KINGDOM
... -Seeds are highly protected embryos - embryo protected (cones, fruits, etc) - often specialized dispersal (animal, water, wind) - Woody tissues common ...
... -Seeds are highly protected embryos - embryo protected (cones, fruits, etc) - often specialized dispersal (animal, water, wind) - Woody tissues common ...
Chapter 6 Nutrition and Metabolism
... energy and hydrogen atoms or electrons. Nutrient molecules frequently cannot cross selectively permeable plasma membranes through passive diffusion. They must be transported by one of three major mechanisms involving the use of membrane carrier proteins. ...
... energy and hydrogen atoms or electrons. Nutrient molecules frequently cannot cross selectively permeable plasma membranes through passive diffusion. They must be transported by one of three major mechanisms involving the use of membrane carrier proteins. ...
Chapter 1
... The principle function of a stem is to conduct H2O and minerals absorbed by the roots to the leaves and other above-ground plant parts, and to conduct food materials produced in the leaves to the roots and other plant ...
... The principle function of a stem is to conduct H2O and minerals absorbed by the roots to the leaves and other above-ground plant parts, and to conduct food materials produced in the leaves to the roots and other plant ...
Study guide packet part 1
... Lactic Acid Fermentation- this makes lactic acid. This is the type of respiration our muscles do when they run out of oxygen. It is why our muscles get sore. Bacteria also make lactic acid. Alcohol Fermentation- this is the type of fermentation that is done by yeast. It makes alcohol and can make it ...
... Lactic Acid Fermentation- this makes lactic acid. This is the type of respiration our muscles do when they run out of oxygen. It is why our muscles get sore. Bacteria also make lactic acid. Alcohol Fermentation- this is the type of fermentation that is done by yeast. It makes alcohol and can make it ...
UNIT 2.2 Microbial Mat Ecology Presented by: Dr. Lee Prufert
... usually occurring through action of an electron transport chain. Chemiosmosis: The use of ion gradients, especially proton gradients, across membranes to generate ATP. ATP: Adenosine triphosphate, the principal energy carrying molecule of the cell—short term energy “currency” ...
... usually occurring through action of an electron transport chain. Chemiosmosis: The use of ion gradients, especially proton gradients, across membranes to generate ATP. ATP: Adenosine triphosphate, the principal energy carrying molecule of the cell—short term energy “currency” ...
PASS Review—Plants Name: All living organisms share the
... tubes to move water and food; xylem carries water, phloem carries food; some have a woody stem, some have a herbaceous stem (soft and green). Nonvascular plants: no true roots, stems, or leaves; no tubes to carry water and food—moves it from cell to cell; live in wet areas and are very short; exampl ...
... tubes to move water and food; xylem carries water, phloem carries food; some have a woody stem, some have a herbaceous stem (soft and green). Nonvascular plants: no true roots, stems, or leaves; no tubes to carry water and food—moves it from cell to cell; live in wet areas and are very short; exampl ...
Biosphere - Glasgow Independent Schools
... the biosphere a) Evaporation: water changes to gaseous form by absorbing energy b) Transpiration: loss of water through leaves due to evaporation c) Condensation: changing of water from gas to liquid by releasing energy d) Precipitation: movement of water from atmosphere to surface as rain, snow, ha ...
... the biosphere a) Evaporation: water changes to gaseous form by absorbing energy b) Transpiration: loss of water through leaves due to evaporation c) Condensation: changing of water from gas to liquid by releasing energy d) Precipitation: movement of water from atmosphere to surface as rain, snow, ha ...
Chapter 3: Biochemistry
... Most lipids contain fatty acids, unbranched carbon molecules that have a hydrophilic end (head) and a hydrophobic end (tail) ...
... Most lipids contain fatty acids, unbranched carbon molecules that have a hydrophilic end (head) and a hydrophobic end (tail) ...
THE LAWRENCE SCHOOL SANAWAR
... 2. Scurvy is caused due to the deficiency of…………………………………………..in our body. 3. Anaemia is caused by the deficiency of…………………………………………………..in diet. 4. Rickets is caused by the lack of vitamin D and the mineral…………………………………….. 5. Substances that are made of two or more elements, called……………………………………… ...
... 2. Scurvy is caused due to the deficiency of…………………………………………..in our body. 3. Anaemia is caused by the deficiency of…………………………………………………..in diet. 4. Rickets is caused by the lack of vitamin D and the mineral…………………………………….. 5. Substances that are made of two or more elements, called……………………………………… ...
Cycles of Matter
... • Energy cannot be recycled but decreases as it is passed through the ecosystem. • Matter is continually recycled in a system. • Cycles of Matter – Water – Carbon & Oxygen – Nitrogen ...
... • Energy cannot be recycled but decreases as it is passed through the ecosystem. • Matter is continually recycled in a system. • Cycles of Matter – Water – Carbon & Oxygen – Nitrogen ...
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy, normally from the Sun, into chemical energy that can be later released to fuel the organisms' activities. This chemical energy is stored in carbohydrate molecules, such as sugars, which are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water – hence the name photosynthesis, from the Greek φῶς, phōs, ""light"", and σύνθεσις, synthesis, ""putting together"". In most cases, oxygen is also released as a waste product. Most plants, most algae, and cyanobacteria perform photosynthesis; such organisms are called photoautotrophs. Photosynthesis maintains atmospheric oxygen levels and supplies all of the organic compounds and most of the energy necessary for life on Earth.Although photosynthesis is performed differently by different species, the process always begins when energy from light is absorbed by proteins called reaction centres that contain green chlorophyll pigments. In plants, these proteins are held inside organelles called chloroplasts, which are most abundant in leaf cells, while in bacteria they are embedded in the plasma membrane. In these light-dependent reactions, some energy is used to strip electrons from suitable substances, such as water, producing oxygen gas. Furthermore, two further compounds are generated: reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the ""energy currency"" of cells.In plants, algae and cyanobacteria, sugars are produced by a subsequent sequence of light-independent reactions called the Calvin cycle, but some bacteria use different mechanisms, such as the reverse Krebs cycle. In the Calvin cycle, atmospheric carbon dioxide is incorporated into already existing organic carbon compounds, such as ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP). Using the ATP and NADPH produced by the light-dependent reactions, the resulting compounds are then reduced and removed to form further carbohydrates, such as glucose.The first photosynthetic organisms probably evolved early in the evolutionary history of life and most likely used reducing agents, such as hydrogen or hydrogen sulfide, as sources of electrons, rather than water. Cyanobacteria appeared later; the excess oxygen they produced contributed to the oxygen catastrophe, which rendered the evolution of complex life possible. Today, the average rate of energy capture by photosynthesis globally is approximately 130 terawatts, which is about three times the current power consumption of human civilization.Photosynthetic organisms also convert around 100–115 thousand million metric tonnes of carbon into biomass per year.