Chemistry of Life
... A catalyst lowers activation energy. Catalysts are substances that speed up chemical reactions. decrease activation energy increase reaction rate ...
... A catalyst lowers activation energy. Catalysts are substances that speed up chemical reactions. decrease activation energy increase reaction rate ...
Biology Warm-Ups - Lemon Bay High School
... into 2, 3-carbon molecules that enter the Kreb Cycle. STEP 2: Kreb Cycle = allows the 3-carbon molecules to be further broken down to produce ATP and high energy electron carriers that are then sent through the Electron Transport Chain. STEP 3: Electron Transport Chain = moves electron across the mi ...
... into 2, 3-carbon molecules that enter the Kreb Cycle. STEP 2: Kreb Cycle = allows the 3-carbon molecules to be further broken down to produce ATP and high energy electron carriers that are then sent through the Electron Transport Chain. STEP 3: Electron Transport Chain = moves electron across the mi ...
Lecture 9
... Gases diffuse down pressure gradients in the lungs and other organs In the lungs and tissues, O2 and CO2 diffuse from where their concentrations are higher to where they are lower ...
... Gases diffuse down pressure gradients in the lungs and other organs In the lungs and tissues, O2 and CO2 diffuse from where their concentrations are higher to where they are lower ...
Oxidative Phosphorylation
... In chemiosmosis, the free energy from the series of redox reactions just described is used to pump hydrogen ions (protons) across the membrane. The uneven distribution of H+ ions across the membrane establishes both concentration and electrical gradients (thus, an electrochemical gradient), owing to ...
... In chemiosmosis, the free energy from the series of redox reactions just described is used to pump hydrogen ions (protons) across the membrane. The uneven distribution of H+ ions across the membrane establishes both concentration and electrical gradients (thus, an electrochemical gradient), owing to ...
ECOLOGY, POLLUTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
... Components of an ecosystem can be subdivided into the biotic (includes all living organisms) and abiotic components (includes water, carbon dioxide, various minerals, oxygen and continuous supply of energy from the sun). 2.5.1.1 Biotic components of an ecosystem Autotrophs produce their own food or ...
... Components of an ecosystem can be subdivided into the biotic (includes all living organisms) and abiotic components (includes water, carbon dioxide, various minerals, oxygen and continuous supply of energy from the sun). 2.5.1.1 Biotic components of an ecosystem Autotrophs produce their own food or ...
Ecosystems
... DMS is converted to SO2 and SO3 and tiny droplets of sulfuric acid H2 SO4 (acid deposition) Absence of Oxygen? • Bacteria convert sulfate ions into sulfide ions S2• React with metal ions and deposited as rock ...
... DMS is converted to SO2 and SO3 and tiny droplets of sulfuric acid H2 SO4 (acid deposition) Absence of Oxygen? • Bacteria convert sulfate ions into sulfide ions S2• React with metal ions and deposited as rock ...
Where is the energy transfer?
... In the Calvin Cycle, CO2 is attached to a molecule of RUBP. This is catalyzed by the enzyme rubisco. The six carbon product splits, forming two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate. 3-phosphyglycerate receives a phosphate from ATP and electrons from NADPH forming a molecule of G3P. Two molecules of G3P c ...
... In the Calvin Cycle, CO2 is attached to a molecule of RUBP. This is catalyzed by the enzyme rubisco. The six carbon product splits, forming two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate. 3-phosphyglycerate receives a phosphate from ATP and electrons from NADPH forming a molecule of G3P. Two molecules of G3P c ...
review for Bio. I HSA
... A. Plant cells have a large central vacuole, cell wall, chloroplasts, no centrioles, and usually no lysosomes where animal cells have many small vacuoles, no cell wall. remember that plants do have mitochondria – the chloroplasts make the sugar and the mitochondria breakdown the sugar to make ATP wh ...
... A. Plant cells have a large central vacuole, cell wall, chloroplasts, no centrioles, and usually no lysosomes where animal cells have many small vacuoles, no cell wall. remember that plants do have mitochondria – the chloroplasts make the sugar and the mitochondria breakdown the sugar to make ATP wh ...
Nutrition Test
... A substance that effects the speed of chemical changes, an organic catalyst, usually a protein An organic compound consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and sulfur, used for liver transplants A thread-like structure running longitudinally through ;a muscle fiber consisting mainly of thick myofilaments and ...
... A substance that effects the speed of chemical changes, an organic catalyst, usually a protein An organic compound consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and sulfur, used for liver transplants A thread-like structure running longitudinally through ;a muscle fiber consisting mainly of thick myofilaments and ...
energy, chemical reactions and organic compounds list the four
... Fatty Acids – a chain of 4 – 24 carbon atoms with a carboxyl group on one end and a methyl group on the other and hydrogen bonded along the sides. Can be saturated (as much hydrogen as it can carry) or unsaturated (have carbon atoms joined by double bonded covalent bonds with no hydrogen). Trigly ...
... Fatty Acids – a chain of 4 – 24 carbon atoms with a carboxyl group on one end and a methyl group on the other and hydrogen bonded along the sides. Can be saturated (as much hydrogen as it can carry) or unsaturated (have carbon atoms joined by double bonded covalent bonds with no hydrogen). Trigly ...
Unit 1 – Cell Biology
... chlorophyll in the chloroplasts and is converted into chemical energy in the form of ATP. Water is split to produce hydrogen and oxygen. Hydrogen attaches to hydrogen acceptor molecules. Excess oxygen diffuses from the cell. 2. Carbon fixation: a series of enzyme-controlled reactions, which use hydr ...
... chlorophyll in the chloroplasts and is converted into chemical energy in the form of ATP. Water is split to produce hydrogen and oxygen. Hydrogen attaches to hydrogen acceptor molecules. Excess oxygen diffuses from the cell. 2. Carbon fixation: a series of enzyme-controlled reactions, which use hydr ...
Elements Found in Living Things
... can form single bonds with another atom and also bond to other carbon molecules forming double and triple bonds. This allows carbon based molecules to form single and double rings, chains, and branching chains. Most organic compounds are built primarily of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen but in differe ...
... can form single bonds with another atom and also bond to other carbon molecules forming double and triple bonds. This allows carbon based molecules to form single and double rings, chains, and branching chains. Most organic compounds are built primarily of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen but in differe ...
Organic Chemistry – Review #2 Vocabulary Adhesion Cohesion
... 2nd Idea: Biological macromolecules form from monomers. Use the diagrams to fill in the blanks and describe how carbon allows for the formation of macromolecules. o Macromolecules are very large molecules o Most macromolecules are polymers o ________________ are long chains of bonded groups o ____ ...
... 2nd Idea: Biological macromolecules form from monomers. Use the diagrams to fill in the blanks and describe how carbon allows for the formation of macromolecules. o Macromolecules are very large molecules o Most macromolecules are polymers o ________________ are long chains of bonded groups o ____ ...
Aerobic Metabolism ii: electron transport chain
... The cells of all eukaryotes (all animals, plants, fungi, algae – in other words, all living things except bacteria and archaea) contain intracellular organelles called mitochondria that produce ATP. Energy sources such as glucose are initially metabolized in the cytoplasm. The products are imported ...
... The cells of all eukaryotes (all animals, plants, fungi, algae – in other words, all living things except bacteria and archaea) contain intracellular organelles called mitochondria that produce ATP. Energy sources such as glucose are initially metabolized in the cytoplasm. The products are imported ...
Organic Compounds
... • Many animals store extra sugar as glycogen. – Glycogen stored in your muscles supplies energy for movement. – Glycogen stored in your liver is released when the glucose (sugar) in your blood runs low. • Recall: What is this an example of? – Homeostasis! ...
... • Many animals store extra sugar as glycogen. – Glycogen stored in your muscles supplies energy for movement. – Glycogen stored in your liver is released when the glucose (sugar) in your blood runs low. • Recall: What is this an example of? – Homeostasis! ...
Teacher`s Guide for “Breathe In Breathe Out” CT State Standards
... 3. Larynx –the voice box which contains the vocal chords 4. Trachea – the windpipe, where air passes through to enter the lungs 5. Bronchi – large tubes which lead from the trachea in each respective lung 6. Lungs – organs responsible for exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide 7. Alveoli – tiny a ...
... 3. Larynx –the voice box which contains the vocal chords 4. Trachea – the windpipe, where air passes through to enter the lungs 5. Bronchi – large tubes which lead from the trachea in each respective lung 6. Lungs – organs responsible for exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide 7. Alveoli – tiny a ...
plant responses to drought and stress tolerance
... (Bunce, 1981) or in soil water potential (Gollan et al., 1986). The relative part of stomatal limitation of photosynthesis depends on the severity of water deficit. Under mild stress it is a primary event, which is then followed by adequate changes of photosynthetic reactions (Cornic and Briantais, ...
... (Bunce, 1981) or in soil water potential (Gollan et al., 1986). The relative part of stomatal limitation of photosynthesis depends on the severity of water deficit. Under mild stress it is a primary event, which is then followed by adequate changes of photosynthetic reactions (Cornic and Briantais, ...
Ecosystem
... “Any area of nature that includes living organisms and non-living substances that interact to produce and exchange of materials between living and non-living parts is an ecological system or ecosystem.” (E.P.Odum) Ecosystems consist of 4 components: abiotic, producers, consumers, and decomposers; ...
... “Any area of nature that includes living organisms and non-living substances that interact to produce and exchange of materials between living and non-living parts is an ecological system or ecosystem.” (E.P.Odum) Ecosystems consist of 4 components: abiotic, producers, consumers, and decomposers; ...
Unit 2-Investigating the Immune and Nervous System
... 1. Seed Plants are divided into two major groups - Cone bearing plants (pines, spruces, firs, and cedars) Pollen and eggs from the plant join inside the cones, where they grow into seeds. These seeds are scattered when the cones open. - Flowering plants (majority of plants use flowers to reproduce) ...
... 1. Seed Plants are divided into two major groups - Cone bearing plants (pines, spruces, firs, and cedars) Pollen and eggs from the plant join inside the cones, where they grow into seeds. These seeds are scattered when the cones open. - Flowering plants (majority of plants use flowers to reproduce) ...
Review Take Home
... Relating Photosynthesis and Cellular respiration: Plants must also carry out cellular respiration to provide ATP for cellular processes. Notice that the equation for photosynthesis and the equation for cellular respiration are FLIPPED! The reactants become the products and the products become th ...
... Relating Photosynthesis and Cellular respiration: Plants must also carry out cellular respiration to provide ATP for cellular processes. Notice that the equation for photosynthesis and the equation for cellular respiration are FLIPPED! The reactants become the products and the products become th ...
Unit1 Notes
... 1.Lichens grow on bare rock. By producing acids they break down rock and help to form soil. 2. Soil supports mosses and ferns and eventually creates a habitat for small animals. 3. Small organisms eventually die and add more nutrients to the soil making the soils deeper allowing the growth of grasse ...
... 1.Lichens grow on bare rock. By producing acids they break down rock and help to form soil. 2. Soil supports mosses and ferns and eventually creates a habitat for small animals. 3. Small organisms eventually die and add more nutrients to the soil making the soils deeper allowing the growth of grasse ...
Chapter 4 - U of L Class Index
... Quantitative analysis is the identification of an unknown substance by subjecting it to chemical reactions and analyzing the resulting products. (What are they? How much of each was made?) Generally, we must already know which elements the unknown contains in order to choose the best reactions. Quan ...
... Quantitative analysis is the identification of an unknown substance by subjecting it to chemical reactions and analyzing the resulting products. (What are they? How much of each was made?) Generally, we must already know which elements the unknown contains in order to choose the best reactions. Quan ...
Grade 7-Chapter 9
... All adaptations enabled plants to survive on land Cuticle-helps plant conserve water Cellulose found in the cell wall helps plants support itself and provide structure Structures developed that distribute water, nutrients and food to all plant cells Plants developed water-resistant seeds or ...
... All adaptations enabled plants to survive on land Cuticle-helps plant conserve water Cellulose found in the cell wall helps plants support itself and provide structure Structures developed that distribute water, nutrients and food to all plant cells Plants developed water-resistant seeds or ...
6O2 + C6H12O6 ------------------------
... 2. Oxygen forms bonds with H+ ions which makes _______________. 3. Describe the importance of NADH and FADH2 in making ATP? (minimum of 4 to 5 sentences) RSQ and use the terms, hydrogen, electrons, concentration gradient, mitochondria, ATP synthase, ADP, ATP ...
... 2. Oxygen forms bonds with H+ ions which makes _______________. 3. Describe the importance of NADH and FADH2 in making ATP? (minimum of 4 to 5 sentences) RSQ and use the terms, hydrogen, electrons, concentration gradient, mitochondria, ATP synthase, ADP, ATP ...
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy, normally from the Sun, into chemical energy that can be later released to fuel the organisms' activities. This chemical energy is stored in carbohydrate molecules, such as sugars, which are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water – hence the name photosynthesis, from the Greek φῶς, phōs, ""light"", and σύνθεσις, synthesis, ""putting together"". In most cases, oxygen is also released as a waste product. Most plants, most algae, and cyanobacteria perform photosynthesis; such organisms are called photoautotrophs. Photosynthesis maintains atmospheric oxygen levels and supplies all of the organic compounds and most of the energy necessary for life on Earth.Although photosynthesis is performed differently by different species, the process always begins when energy from light is absorbed by proteins called reaction centres that contain green chlorophyll pigments. In plants, these proteins are held inside organelles called chloroplasts, which are most abundant in leaf cells, while in bacteria they are embedded in the plasma membrane. In these light-dependent reactions, some energy is used to strip electrons from suitable substances, such as water, producing oxygen gas. Furthermore, two further compounds are generated: reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the ""energy currency"" of cells.In plants, algae and cyanobacteria, sugars are produced by a subsequent sequence of light-independent reactions called the Calvin cycle, but some bacteria use different mechanisms, such as the reverse Krebs cycle. In the Calvin cycle, atmospheric carbon dioxide is incorporated into already existing organic carbon compounds, such as ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP). Using the ATP and NADPH produced by the light-dependent reactions, the resulting compounds are then reduced and removed to form further carbohydrates, such as glucose.The first photosynthetic organisms probably evolved early in the evolutionary history of life and most likely used reducing agents, such as hydrogen or hydrogen sulfide, as sources of electrons, rather than water. Cyanobacteria appeared later; the excess oxygen they produced contributed to the oxygen catastrophe, which rendered the evolution of complex life possible. Today, the average rate of energy capture by photosynthesis globally is approximately 130 terawatts, which is about three times the current power consumption of human civilization.Photosynthetic organisms also convert around 100–115 thousand million metric tonnes of carbon into biomass per year.