Cellular respiration
... 90% of the ATP generated by cellular respiration • A smaller amount of ATP is formed in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle by substratelevel phosphorylation ...
... 90% of the ATP generated by cellular respiration • A smaller amount of ATP is formed in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle by substratelevel phosphorylation ...
D. Transfer of activated acetaldehyde to
... Section I: The statements in this section can be completed by any of the lettered responses following it. Each statement may have more than one answer that is correct, one answer that is correct, or no answers that are correct. Students should clearly circle only those responses that complete the s ...
... Section I: The statements in this section can be completed by any of the lettered responses following it. Each statement may have more than one answer that is correct, one answer that is correct, or no answers that are correct. Students should clearly circle only those responses that complete the s ...
Ecology
... energy-rich compounds that are later used by other organisms. – No organism can create energy—organisms can only use energy from other sources. – For most life on Earth, sunlight is the ultimate energy source. ...
... energy-rich compounds that are later used by other organisms. – No organism can create energy—organisms can only use energy from other sources. – For most life on Earth, sunlight is the ultimate energy source. ...
Cellular Respiration:
... these molecules are the CYTOCHROMES. Cytochromes are similar in many respects to the photosystems in the light reactions of photosynthesis. As the electrons are moving through the ETC from one cytochrome complex to the next, protons are being pumped from the matrix to the intermembrane space. Oxygen ...
... these molecules are the CYTOCHROMES. Cytochromes are similar in many respects to the photosystems in the light reactions of photosynthesis. As the electrons are moving through the ETC from one cytochrome complex to the next, protons are being pumped from the matrix to the intermembrane space. Oxygen ...
Bio102 Problems
... Both are ultimately expelled from the body as CO2. To get there, each carbon atom from a lipid must be more oxidized more times than each carbon atom from a carbohydrate. With each of these oxidations, a reduced coenzyme is produced which will ultimately be used to synthesize more ATP by oxidative p ...
... Both are ultimately expelled from the body as CO2. To get there, each carbon atom from a lipid must be more oxidized more times than each carbon atom from a carbohydrate. With each of these oxidations, a reduced coenzyme is produced which will ultimately be used to synthesize more ATP by oxidative p ...
BIODIVERSITY OF PLANTS
... o These cells die at maturity and become hollow o Appearance – thick walls, may be long and thin or shorter with open ends o When arranged end to end they make continuous tubes for transport o Wood is 100% xylem tissue good support for trees Phloem o Transports sugar and other nutrients from the l ...
... o These cells die at maturity and become hollow o Appearance – thick walls, may be long and thin or shorter with open ends o When arranged end to end they make continuous tubes for transport o Wood is 100% xylem tissue good support for trees Phloem o Transports sugar and other nutrients from the l ...
Review for Unit 3 test - Lemon Bay High School
... • conduct sugars to the roots • absorb carbon dioxide from the air • absorb sunlight • conduct water to the leaves. ...
... • conduct sugars to the roots • absorb carbon dioxide from the air • absorb sunlight • conduct water to the leaves. ...
The Sunflower Story
... LIght is the energy plants use to make food. the green color in leaves, called chlorophyll, takes up light. With the help of water, nutrients and carbon dioxide from the air, leaves change light energy to sugars and starches. this is called photosynthesis. these sugars and starches are then changed ...
... LIght is the energy plants use to make food. the green color in leaves, called chlorophyll, takes up light. With the help of water, nutrients and carbon dioxide from the air, leaves change light energy to sugars and starches. this is called photosynthesis. these sugars and starches are then changed ...
5th Grade Science - Ecosystems Assessment
... Class Copy – DO NOT WRITE! Revised 11/7/13 Oak trees produce seeds that are contained in acorns. Blue jays eat the seeds in acorns. Blue jays also collect acorns and hide them in the ground, often far away from the parent oak tree. Blue jays do not eat the seed of every acorn they hide. How do oak t ...
... Class Copy – DO NOT WRITE! Revised 11/7/13 Oak trees produce seeds that are contained in acorns. Blue jays eat the seeds in acorns. Blue jays also collect acorns and hide them in the ground, often far away from the parent oak tree. Blue jays do not eat the seed of every acorn they hide. How do oak t ...
Adaptations 2
... Chemical Protection Review • Resins – viscous protective secretion produced by many conifers that is insoluble in water and hardens when exposed to air • Tannins – a substance occurring in the bark or leaves of some species, functioning to protect against predators • Alkaloids – A nitrogen containi ...
... Chemical Protection Review • Resins – viscous protective secretion produced by many conifers that is insoluble in water and hardens when exposed to air • Tannins – a substance occurring in the bark or leaves of some species, functioning to protect against predators • Alkaloids – A nitrogen containi ...
Biology STAAR Review
... Cell Wall – outside of cell membrane in some organisms. Composed of carbohydrate (e.g. cellulose, in plants; or chitin, in fungi) or carbohydrate derivative (e.g. peptidoglycan, in bacteria). Cytoplasm – material outside the nucleus. 1. Site for metabolic activity. 2. Cytosol: solutions with dissolv ...
... Cell Wall – outside of cell membrane in some organisms. Composed of carbohydrate (e.g. cellulose, in plants; or chitin, in fungi) or carbohydrate derivative (e.g. peptidoglycan, in bacteria). Cytoplasm – material outside the nucleus. 1. Site for metabolic activity. 2. Cytosol: solutions with dissolv ...
Notes Questions for the Unit 13, Part 2 Notes: Timing and
... Explain how an increase in surface area of the alveoli would affect this system. An increase in the surface area of the alveolar membrane would increase the rate of diffusion of oxygen out of the alveoli into the capillaries. It would also increase the rate of diffusion of carbon dioxide out of the ...
... Explain how an increase in surface area of the alveoli would affect this system. An increase in the surface area of the alveolar membrane would increase the rate of diffusion of oxygen out of the alveoli into the capillaries. It would also increase the rate of diffusion of carbon dioxide out of the ...
WHAT IS ECOLOGY?
... and yet animals and plants cannot use nitrogen gas as a nutrient. So what’s an animal or plant to do? How do animals get nitrogen? They eat protein! How do plants get nitrogen? From bacteria that are in the soil or in the roots of some plants. Plants can only use nitrogen when it is in the form of n ...
... and yet animals and plants cannot use nitrogen gas as a nutrient. So what’s an animal or plant to do? How do animals get nitrogen? They eat protein! How do plants get nitrogen? From bacteria that are in the soil or in the roots of some plants. Plants can only use nitrogen when it is in the form of n ...
Unit 2: Ecology Content Outline: Ecology Introduction (2.1) – Part 1
... temperature with in the body of water and this leads to thermoclines and turnover of nutrients and O2. This is ultimately due to seasonal changes in temperature. Warmer water rises and colder water sinks. Ice on the surfaces helps prevent this in winter so that the whole body of water does not freez ...
... temperature with in the body of water and this leads to thermoclines and turnover of nutrients and O2. This is ultimately due to seasonal changes in temperature. Warmer water rises and colder water sinks. Ice on the surfaces helps prevent this in winter so that the whole body of water does not freez ...
Schematic of key mitochondrial metabolic pathways
... produced from glycolysis undergoes oxidative decarboxylation to acetyl CoA, which is then oxidised in an eight-step process known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. The respiratory substrates NADH and FADH2 generated through the TCA cycle are next oxidised in a process coupled to ATP synthesis. ...
... produced from glycolysis undergoes oxidative decarboxylation to acetyl CoA, which is then oxidised in an eight-step process known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. The respiratory substrates NADH and FADH2 generated through the TCA cycle are next oxidised in a process coupled to ATP synthesis. ...
Digestive and Respiratory System
... Organ System - group of organs working together Organ - Tissue form organs Tissue - cells with similar structure and function form tissue Cells – Basic unit of life ...
... Organ System - group of organs working together Organ - Tissue form organs Tissue - cells with similar structure and function form tissue Cells – Basic unit of life ...
Diversity of Metabolism in Procaryotes
... 2. Respiration : result in the complete oxidation of the substrate by an outside electron acceptor. Besides pathway of glycolysis, four essential metabolic components are needed : 1. The tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle (Kreb's cycle): used for the complete oxidation of the substrate. The end product ...
... 2. Respiration : result in the complete oxidation of the substrate by an outside electron acceptor. Besides pathway of glycolysis, four essential metabolic components are needed : 1. The tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle (Kreb's cycle): used for the complete oxidation of the substrate. The end product ...
www.XtremePapers.com
... 40 A textbook states that because human insulin is a single …X…, its production is controlled by a ...
... 40 A textbook states that because human insulin is a single …X…, its production is controlled by a ...
No Slide Title
... • Carbon stored in the bodies of organisms as fat, oils, or other molecules, may be released into the soil or air when the organisms dies. • These molecules may form deposits of coal, oil, or natural gas, which are known as fossil fuels. • Fossil fuels store carbon left over from bodies of organisms ...
... • Carbon stored in the bodies of organisms as fat, oils, or other molecules, may be released into the soil or air when the organisms dies. • These molecules may form deposits of coal, oil, or natural gas, which are known as fossil fuels. • Fossil fuels store carbon left over from bodies of organisms ...
How Ecosystems Work Section 2
... • Carbon stored in the bodies of organisms as fat, oils, or other molecules, may be released into the soil or air when the organisms dies. • These molecules may form deposits of coal, oil, or natural gas, which are known as fossil fuels. • Fossil fuels store carbon left over from bodies of organisms ...
... • Carbon stored in the bodies of organisms as fat, oils, or other molecules, may be released into the soil or air when the organisms dies. • These molecules may form deposits of coal, oil, or natural gas, which are known as fossil fuels. • Fossil fuels store carbon left over from bodies of organisms ...
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy, normally from the Sun, into chemical energy that can be later released to fuel the organisms' activities. This chemical energy is stored in carbohydrate molecules, such as sugars, which are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water – hence the name photosynthesis, from the Greek φῶς, phōs, ""light"", and σύνθεσις, synthesis, ""putting together"". In most cases, oxygen is also released as a waste product. Most plants, most algae, and cyanobacteria perform photosynthesis; such organisms are called photoautotrophs. Photosynthesis maintains atmospheric oxygen levels and supplies all of the organic compounds and most of the energy necessary for life on Earth.Although photosynthesis is performed differently by different species, the process always begins when energy from light is absorbed by proteins called reaction centres that contain green chlorophyll pigments. In plants, these proteins are held inside organelles called chloroplasts, which are most abundant in leaf cells, while in bacteria they are embedded in the plasma membrane. In these light-dependent reactions, some energy is used to strip electrons from suitable substances, such as water, producing oxygen gas. Furthermore, two further compounds are generated: reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the ""energy currency"" of cells.In plants, algae and cyanobacteria, sugars are produced by a subsequent sequence of light-independent reactions called the Calvin cycle, but some bacteria use different mechanisms, such as the reverse Krebs cycle. In the Calvin cycle, atmospheric carbon dioxide is incorporated into already existing organic carbon compounds, such as ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP). Using the ATP and NADPH produced by the light-dependent reactions, the resulting compounds are then reduced and removed to form further carbohydrates, such as glucose.The first photosynthetic organisms probably evolved early in the evolutionary history of life and most likely used reducing agents, such as hydrogen or hydrogen sulfide, as sources of electrons, rather than water. Cyanobacteria appeared later; the excess oxygen they produced contributed to the oxygen catastrophe, which rendered the evolution of complex life possible. Today, the average rate of energy capture by photosynthesis globally is approximately 130 terawatts, which is about three times the current power consumption of human civilization.Photosynthetic organisms also convert around 100–115 thousand million metric tonnes of carbon into biomass per year.