Lecture 15
... • Some ATP is produced by substrate-level phosphorylation during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, but most ATP comes from oxidative phosphorylation (through electron transport chain). • Energy produced in Glycolysis and Krebs cycle gives a maximum yield of 4 ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation. • ...
... • Some ATP is produced by substrate-level phosphorylation during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, but most ATP comes from oxidative phosphorylation (through electron transport chain). • Energy produced in Glycolysis and Krebs cycle gives a maximum yield of 4 ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation. • ...
Plants: An Introduction
... seedless vascular plants include the whisk ferns, lycophytes, horsetails, and ferns ...
... seedless vascular plants include the whisk ferns, lycophytes, horsetails, and ferns ...
Cell Energy - Brookwood High School
... NADPH • NADP+ - carrier molecule that accepts and holds 2 high-energy electrons along with a hydrogen ion (H+) – results in the production of NADPH – this conversion to NADPH allows some energy of light to be trapped in a chemical form – chemical energy can then be used by cell for chemical reaction ...
... NADPH • NADP+ - carrier molecule that accepts and holds 2 high-energy electrons along with a hydrogen ion (H+) – results in the production of NADPH – this conversion to NADPH allows some energy of light to be trapped in a chemical form – chemical energy can then be used by cell for chemical reaction ...
METABOLISM OF CARBOHYDRATES
... 3 – phosphate ISOMERIZATON to produce more glyceraldehyde phosphate as it is used up (triose phosphate isomerase) Step #5 glyceraldehyde – 3 – phosphate + Pi + NAD+ 1,3 diphosphoglycerate + NADH OXIDATION – REDUCTION – PHOSPHORYLATION (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate ...
... 3 – phosphate ISOMERIZATON to produce more glyceraldehyde phosphate as it is used up (triose phosphate isomerase) Step #5 glyceraldehyde – 3 – phosphate + Pi + NAD+ 1,3 diphosphoglycerate + NADH OXIDATION – REDUCTION – PHOSPHORYLATION (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate ...
Chapter7 Exercises - Berkeley City College
... 1. The principal quantum number n describes the principle energy levels of the orbitals and hence the energy of the electron that will eventually occupy these orbital. The values for the principal quantum number n are restricted to positive integers (1, 2, 3, …); larger n means higher energy level. ...
... 1. The principal quantum number n describes the principle energy levels of the orbitals and hence the energy of the electron that will eventually occupy these orbital. The values for the principal quantum number n are restricted to positive integers (1, 2, 3, …); larger n means higher energy level. ...
powerpoint notes link
... Alveoli: Specialized structures for gas- exchange. • Millions of alveoli are found at end of bronchioles. • Alveoli are 1 cell thick to allow diffusion. • Covered with lipoprotein: acts as a surfactant to prevent walls sticking together. • Stretch receptors inside tell brain when they are full of a ...
... Alveoli: Specialized structures for gas- exchange. • Millions of alveoli are found at end of bronchioles. • Alveoli are 1 cell thick to allow diffusion. • Covered with lipoprotein: acts as a surfactant to prevent walls sticking together. • Stretch receptors inside tell brain when they are full of a ...
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
... Fermentation is the breakdown of pyruvic acid in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic) to make ATP. ...
... Fermentation is the breakdown of pyruvic acid in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic) to make ATP. ...
Exam review F15
... 40. How can it be useful to breath through your mouth? 41. What are tidal volume and vital capacity? 42. You take a bite of an apple, name the organs that the piece will pass by in order and put these in a table. In the second column give the function of each structure. 43. Name one method our bodie ...
... 40. How can it be useful to breath through your mouth? 41. What are tidal volume and vital capacity? 42. You take a bite of an apple, name the organs that the piece will pass by in order and put these in a table. In the second column give the function of each structure. 43. Name one method our bodie ...
Lecture notes Chapter 27-28
... Consider a tuna sandwich for our example. In stage 1 of metabolism, the processes of digestion break down the large macromolecules into small monomer units. The polysaccharides in bread break down to monosaccharides, the lipids in the mayonnaise break down to glycerol and fatty acids, and the prote ...
... Consider a tuna sandwich for our example. In stage 1 of metabolism, the processes of digestion break down the large macromolecules into small monomer units. The polysaccharides in bread break down to monosaccharides, the lipids in the mayonnaise break down to glycerol and fatty acids, and the prote ...
Extremophiles In this class we will focus on one of the coolest
... because it is a waste product of photosynthesis (fortunately for us!). However, in maybe the first two billion years of life here, there weren’t enough photosynthetic bacteria to produce much of a concentration. As a result, most life had to use something else. Indeed, the life at the time would hav ...
... because it is a waste product of photosynthesis (fortunately for us!). However, in maybe the first two billion years of life here, there weren’t enough photosynthetic bacteria to produce much of a concentration. As a result, most life had to use something else. Indeed, the life at the time would hav ...
Microalgae culture for biofuel production - Asia
... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Mauna_Loa_Carbon_Dioxide.png ...
... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Mauna_Loa_Carbon_Dioxide.png ...
Popeye knew what he was doing!
... Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration Aerobic Respiration – Overview • There are four main stages in aerobic cellular respiration: 1. Glycolysis – Oxidation of glucose into pyruvate that occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell. 2. Kreb’s cycle preparation – Pyruvate is used to form acetylCoA in the matr ...
... Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration Aerobic Respiration – Overview • There are four main stages in aerobic cellular respiration: 1. Glycolysis – Oxidation of glucose into pyruvate that occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell. 2. Kreb’s cycle preparation – Pyruvate is used to form acetylCoA in the matr ...
Bacterial Genetics
... •There are thus more H+ ions outside than inside: the pH outside is lower than inside. •The H+ ions are then allowed back into the cell by passing them through the ATP synthase protein, which uses the energy of the H+ ions flowing down the gradient to attach phosphate (Pi) to ADP, creating ATP. •the ...
... •There are thus more H+ ions outside than inside: the pH outside is lower than inside. •The H+ ions are then allowed back into the cell by passing them through the ATP synthase protein, which uses the energy of the H+ ions flowing down the gradient to attach phosphate (Pi) to ADP, creating ATP. •the ...
Chapter Outline
... 2. Is not a food source for humans 3. Can grow on land that is not farmable 4. Will produce a new crop every year 5. Returns more energy than is needed to produce it 6. Takes in more carbon dioxide while growing that it gives off when burned C. The consensus is that switchgrass is an energy crop tha ...
... 2. Is not a food source for humans 3. Can grow on land that is not farmable 4. Will produce a new crop every year 5. Returns more energy than is needed to produce it 6. Takes in more carbon dioxide while growing that it gives off when burned C. The consensus is that switchgrass is an energy crop tha ...
CH 13 DAY 5 - Wythe County Schools Moodle Site
... Oxygen is transported in the blood in two ways. Most attaches to hemoglobin molecules inside the RBCs to form oxyhemoglobin —HbO2 . A very small amount of oxygen is carried dissolved in the plasma. Most carbon dioxide is transported in plasma as the bicarbonate ion (HCO3−). A smaller amount (between ...
... Oxygen is transported in the blood in two ways. Most attaches to hemoglobin molecules inside the RBCs to form oxyhemoglobin —HbO2 . A very small amount of oxygen is carried dissolved in the plasma. Most carbon dioxide is transported in plasma as the bicarbonate ion (HCO3−). A smaller amount (between ...
Slide 1
... evolved early in the history of life on Earth Glycolysis is the universal energy-harvesting process of life. The role of glycolysis in fermentation and respiration dates back to – life long before oxygen was present, – when only prokaryotes inhabited the Earth, ...
... evolved early in the history of life on Earth Glycolysis is the universal energy-harvesting process of life. The role of glycolysis in fermentation and respiration dates back to – life long before oxygen was present, – when only prokaryotes inhabited the Earth, ...
station 1
... The phenomenon you are observing above is called phototropism. The prefix "photo" means "light", and the suffix "tropism" means "turning". So, phototropism is when plants turn or bend toward light. Plants need light to make food (sugar = glucose) and oxygen gas from carbon dioxide and water during a ...
... The phenomenon you are observing above is called phototropism. The prefix "photo" means "light", and the suffix "tropism" means "turning". So, phototropism is when plants turn or bend toward light. Plants need light to make food (sugar = glucose) and oxygen gas from carbon dioxide and water during a ...
Standard B-6:
... The beginning of primary succession depends on the presence of unique organisms that can grow without soil and also facilitate the process of soil formation. ○ Lichens (mutualistic relationships between fungi and algae) and some mosses, which break down rock into smaller pieces, are among the most i ...
... The beginning of primary succession depends on the presence of unique organisms that can grow without soil and also facilitate the process of soil formation. ○ Lichens (mutualistic relationships between fungi and algae) and some mosses, which break down rock into smaller pieces, are among the most i ...
Respiration (Quick Questions) 1. In what part of cell does respiration
... The oxygen comes the air around you and diffuses into your blood in your lungs. The heart then pumps the blood around the body to the body cells. 6. The glucose comes the food you eat and is absorbed into your blood in your small intestine. The heart then pumps the blood around the body to the body ...
... The oxygen comes the air around you and diffuses into your blood in your lungs. The heart then pumps the blood around the body to the body cells. 6. The glucose comes the food you eat and is absorbed into your blood in your small intestine. The heart then pumps the blood around the body to the body ...
Lecture #2 - Suraj @ LUMS
... oxygen: 1. Aerobic bacteria thrive in the presence of oxygen and require it for their continued growth. 2. Anaerobic bacteria cannot tolerate gaseous oxygen, such as those bacteria which live in deep underwater sediments, or ...
... oxygen: 1. Aerobic bacteria thrive in the presence of oxygen and require it for their continued growth. 2. Anaerobic bacteria cannot tolerate gaseous oxygen, such as those bacteria which live in deep underwater sediments, or ...
rll 24.5 The citric ocid cycle
... Acetyl CoA is often considered an energy-rich compound Explainwhy. ...
... Acetyl CoA is often considered an energy-rich compound Explainwhy. ...
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy, normally from the Sun, into chemical energy that can be later released to fuel the organisms' activities. This chemical energy is stored in carbohydrate molecules, such as sugars, which are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water – hence the name photosynthesis, from the Greek φῶς, phōs, ""light"", and σύνθεσις, synthesis, ""putting together"". In most cases, oxygen is also released as a waste product. Most plants, most algae, and cyanobacteria perform photosynthesis; such organisms are called photoautotrophs. Photosynthesis maintains atmospheric oxygen levels and supplies all of the organic compounds and most of the energy necessary for life on Earth.Although photosynthesis is performed differently by different species, the process always begins when energy from light is absorbed by proteins called reaction centres that contain green chlorophyll pigments. In plants, these proteins are held inside organelles called chloroplasts, which are most abundant in leaf cells, while in bacteria they are embedded in the plasma membrane. In these light-dependent reactions, some energy is used to strip electrons from suitable substances, such as water, producing oxygen gas. Furthermore, two further compounds are generated: reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the ""energy currency"" of cells.In plants, algae and cyanobacteria, sugars are produced by a subsequent sequence of light-independent reactions called the Calvin cycle, but some bacteria use different mechanisms, such as the reverse Krebs cycle. In the Calvin cycle, atmospheric carbon dioxide is incorporated into already existing organic carbon compounds, such as ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP). Using the ATP and NADPH produced by the light-dependent reactions, the resulting compounds are then reduced and removed to form further carbohydrates, such as glucose.The first photosynthetic organisms probably evolved early in the evolutionary history of life and most likely used reducing agents, such as hydrogen or hydrogen sulfide, as sources of electrons, rather than water. Cyanobacteria appeared later; the excess oxygen they produced contributed to the oxygen catastrophe, which rendered the evolution of complex life possible. Today, the average rate of energy capture by photosynthesis globally is approximately 130 terawatts, which is about three times the current power consumption of human civilization.Photosynthetic organisms also convert around 100–115 thousand million metric tonnes of carbon into biomass per year.