1 The Respiratory System
... Most of the time, you breathe without thinking about it. Breathing is mostly an involuntary action that is controlled by a part of your brain that also controls your heart beat. If you swim, do yoga, or sing, you know you can also control your breathing. Taking air into the body through the nose and ...
... Most of the time, you breathe without thinking about it. Breathing is mostly an involuntary action that is controlled by a part of your brain that also controls your heart beat. If you swim, do yoga, or sing, you know you can also control your breathing. Taking air into the body through the nose and ...
June 2015 Question Paper 11
... Some organisms live at the bottom of the seas where it is very dark. To synthesise glucose, they use energy from chemicals in the very hot water that comes out of volcanoes. What is a distinguishing feature of these organisms? A ...
... Some organisms live at the bottom of the seas where it is very dark. To synthesise glucose, they use energy from chemicals in the very hot water that comes out of volcanoes. What is a distinguishing feature of these organisms? A ...
Topic 17: OXYGEN UPTAKE AND TRANSPORT
... Air capillary lungs (fig. 42.25); these lungs lack alveoli but instead have thousands of rigid tubes called air capillaries (or parabronchi) that run the length of the lung. The volume of the lungs never changes. Instead, the lungs are connected to a series of ventilatory structures known as air sac ...
... Air capillary lungs (fig. 42.25); these lungs lack alveoli but instead have thousands of rigid tubes called air capillaries (or parabronchi) that run the length of the lung. The volume of the lungs never changes. Instead, the lungs are connected to a series of ventilatory structures known as air sac ...
Triple Science - Aylsham High School
... Nitrogen fixing bacteria Chemosynthetic bacteria in tube worms in deep sea vents Carbon dioxide, Phosphates, nitrates and sulphur dioxide. Increased burning of fossil fuels and overuse of pesticides and fertilisers. Triggered by excess fertiliser/nitrates/waste being washed into bodies of ...
... Nitrogen fixing bacteria Chemosynthetic bacteria in tube worms in deep sea vents Carbon dioxide, Phosphates, nitrates and sulphur dioxide. Increased burning of fossil fuels and overuse of pesticides and fertilisers. Triggered by excess fertiliser/nitrates/waste being washed into bodies of ...
MINDS-ON 3: Fuel Combustion
... Students should notice the blue flame when the air hole is open and the yellow flame when it is closed. Ask students for their explanation of their observations. Ensure that they understand that in the presence of sufficient amounts of oxygen (from air), the hydrocarbon combusts completely in a reac ...
... Students should notice the blue flame when the air hole is open and the yellow flame when it is closed. Ask students for their explanation of their observations. Ensure that they understand that in the presence of sufficient amounts of oxygen (from air), the hydrocarbon combusts completely in a reac ...
Chapter 7 – Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure Chapters 4 and 6
... is consumed or released when a chemical reaction occurs. Why? Because during reactions some bonds break and others form and all will have different strengths. For example, stronger bonds replace weak bonds and energy is released in most chemical reactions. Chemical bonds involve the interaction of e ...
... is consumed or released when a chemical reaction occurs. Why? Because during reactions some bonds break and others form and all will have different strengths. For example, stronger bonds replace weak bonds and energy is released in most chemical reactions. Chemical bonds involve the interaction of e ...
Ch. 37
... organisms whose source of energy is the same number of consumption “steps” away from the sun food energy passes through an ecosystem from one trophic level to another • when the path is a simple linear progression, it is called a food chain • the chain ends with decomposers that break down dead or ...
... organisms whose source of energy is the same number of consumption “steps” away from the sun food energy passes through an ecosystem from one trophic level to another • when the path is a simple linear progression, it is called a food chain • the chain ends with decomposers that break down dead or ...
PLANT DIVERSITY II
... producing organ) – archegonium produces single egg cell in vase shaped organ. Male gametangia – antheridia produce many sperm cells released to environment. Sperm fuses with egg in archegonium. ...
... producing organ) – archegonium produces single egg cell in vase shaped organ. Male gametangia – antheridia produce many sperm cells released to environment. Sperm fuses with egg in archegonium. ...
Chapter 14- RESPIRATION IN PLANTS Living cells require a
... Fermentation process has wide application in food, pharmaceutical and chemical industries. The process is used in the production of alcohol and in bakeries. ...
... Fermentation process has wide application in food, pharmaceutical and chemical industries. The process is used in the production of alcohol and in bakeries. ...
Lactic acid - Crestwood Science
... The muscles ache and the body experiences cramp, which forces the body to stop what it is doing and rest. Why can anaerobic respiration only be carried out for short periods of time? 7 of 36 ...
... The muscles ache and the body experiences cramp, which forces the body to stop what it is doing and rest. Why can anaerobic respiration only be carried out for short periods of time? 7 of 36 ...
lecture CH23 chem131pikul
... •The electron transport chain provides the energy to pump H+ ions across the inner membrane of the mitochondria. •The concentration of H+ ions in the inter membrane space becomes higher than that inside the matrix creating a potential energy gradient. •To return to the matrix, H+ ions travel through ...
... •The electron transport chain provides the energy to pump H+ ions across the inner membrane of the mitochondria. •The concentration of H+ ions in the inter membrane space becomes higher than that inside the matrix creating a potential energy gradient. •To return to the matrix, H+ ions travel through ...
Modified Stems
... vegetative propagation. In fact, the widespread artificial vegetative propagation of plants, both commercial and private, frequently involves the cutting of modified stems into segments, which are then planted and produce new plants. As you become acquainted with the following modified stems, keep i ...
... vegetative propagation. In fact, the widespread artificial vegetative propagation of plants, both commercial and private, frequently involves the cutting of modified stems into segments, which are then planted and produce new plants. As you become acquainted with the following modified stems, keep i ...
Chapter 11
... (see next page). So the picture that you should get is of a system that is functionally linear in that electrons flow from "left" to "right" but which is structurally more of a mosaic with the enzyme complexes randomly distributed in the membrane with relative abundances given by the above stoichiom ...
... (see next page). So the picture that you should get is of a system that is functionally linear in that electrons flow from "left" to "right" but which is structurally more of a mosaic with the enzyme complexes randomly distributed in the membrane with relative abundances given by the above stoichiom ...
Tropical Marine Biology Productivity and the Coral Symbiosis
... • Many corals have different growth forms - can vary with local environment - light, depth etc. • Local environment affects distribution of the ...
... • Many corals have different growth forms - can vary with local environment - light, depth etc. • Local environment affects distribution of the ...
Regents_Bio_Stuff_files/Ecology 2008
... food chains in one area • Arrows shows the transfer of energy ...
... food chains in one area • Arrows shows the transfer of energy ...
as Powerpoint presentation
... Succinate dehydrogenase (Complex II). It is a membrane bound flavoprotein (FAD) enzyme that catalyses the oxidation of succinate to fumarate in the Krebs TCA cycle. Like NADH dehydrogenase it also contains an Fe/S protein. It removes 2H from succinate and passes them to UQ. NOTE: it is not part of t ...
... Succinate dehydrogenase (Complex II). It is a membrane bound flavoprotein (FAD) enzyme that catalyses the oxidation of succinate to fumarate in the Krebs TCA cycle. Like NADH dehydrogenase it also contains an Fe/S protein. It removes 2H from succinate and passes them to UQ. NOTE: it is not part of t ...
Oxygen - CriticalCareMedicine
... To capture the released energy efficiently, mitochondria step down the reaction. First it has to generate NADH and FADH via the citric acid cycle. ...
... To capture the released energy efficiently, mitochondria step down the reaction. First it has to generate NADH and FADH via the citric acid cycle. ...
Nutrition/Metabolism Part A
... needed to maintain adequate blood glucose levels is 100 grams per day Starchy foods and milk have nutrients such as vitamins and minerals in addition to complex carbohydrates Refined carbohydrate foods (candy and soft drinks) provide energy sources only and are referred to as “empty calories” ...
... needed to maintain adequate blood glucose levels is 100 grams per day Starchy foods and milk have nutrients such as vitamins and minerals in addition to complex carbohydrates Refined carbohydrate foods (candy and soft drinks) provide energy sources only and are referred to as “empty calories” ...
BIOLOGY EOC STUDY GUIDE with Practice Questions
... The cell membrane controls movement of materials into and out of the cell. The following particles are moving from high concentration to low concentration and are using a carrier protein. How would you describe this type of movement across the membrane? A. simple osmosis B. active transport C. simpl ...
... The cell membrane controls movement of materials into and out of the cell. The following particles are moving from high concentration to low concentration and are using a carrier protein. How would you describe this type of movement across the membrane? A. simple osmosis B. active transport C. simpl ...
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy, normally from the Sun, into chemical energy that can be later released to fuel the organisms' activities. This chemical energy is stored in carbohydrate molecules, such as sugars, which are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water – hence the name photosynthesis, from the Greek φῶς, phōs, ""light"", and σύνθεσις, synthesis, ""putting together"". In most cases, oxygen is also released as a waste product. Most plants, most algae, and cyanobacteria perform photosynthesis; such organisms are called photoautotrophs. Photosynthesis maintains atmospheric oxygen levels and supplies all of the organic compounds and most of the energy necessary for life on Earth.Although photosynthesis is performed differently by different species, the process always begins when energy from light is absorbed by proteins called reaction centres that contain green chlorophyll pigments. In plants, these proteins are held inside organelles called chloroplasts, which are most abundant in leaf cells, while in bacteria they are embedded in the plasma membrane. In these light-dependent reactions, some energy is used to strip electrons from suitable substances, such as water, producing oxygen gas. Furthermore, two further compounds are generated: reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the ""energy currency"" of cells.In plants, algae and cyanobacteria, sugars are produced by a subsequent sequence of light-independent reactions called the Calvin cycle, but some bacteria use different mechanisms, such as the reverse Krebs cycle. In the Calvin cycle, atmospheric carbon dioxide is incorporated into already existing organic carbon compounds, such as ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP). Using the ATP and NADPH produced by the light-dependent reactions, the resulting compounds are then reduced and removed to form further carbohydrates, such as glucose.The first photosynthetic organisms probably evolved early in the evolutionary history of life and most likely used reducing agents, such as hydrogen or hydrogen sulfide, as sources of electrons, rather than water. Cyanobacteria appeared later; the excess oxygen they produced contributed to the oxygen catastrophe, which rendered the evolution of complex life possible. Today, the average rate of energy capture by photosynthesis globally is approximately 130 terawatts, which is about three times the current power consumption of human civilization.Photosynthetic organisms also convert around 100–115 thousand million metric tonnes of carbon into biomass per year.