Plankton Pages - River-Lab
... Blue-green bacteria used to be called blue-green algae. Since they have features different from algae and features more like bacteria, they have been renamed. These differences include the material its cell wall is made of as well as the way material is arranged inside the cell. These bacteria are n ...
... Blue-green bacteria used to be called blue-green algae. Since they have features different from algae and features more like bacteria, they have been renamed. These differences include the material its cell wall is made of as well as the way material is arranged inside the cell. These bacteria are n ...
Fermentation 2015: The ABE process
... producers of industrial chemicals. Despite this, the science behind most renewable chemicals is often poorly understood, due to many processes being protected by the companies and institutions behind the technologies. Fermentation science, however, is an ancient art and most of the details of how fe ...
... producers of industrial chemicals. Despite this, the science behind most renewable chemicals is often poorly understood, due to many processes being protected by the companies and institutions behind the technologies. Fermentation science, however, is an ancient art and most of the details of how fe ...
lect5
... Urea - major nitrogen excretion product. NH4+ - produced in the kidney by deamination of glutamine. Reduces body acidity because the process removes protons. ...
... Urea - major nitrogen excretion product. NH4+ - produced in the kidney by deamination of glutamine. Reduces body acidity because the process removes protons. ...
Physiological correlates of the morphology of early vascular plants
... the resistance to CO, influx; it also forms a layer which, when complete (i.e. when stomata are closed or absent) very greatly reduces the H,O permeability of the plant surface, thus reducing water loss from a plant whose H,O supply cannot keep pace with the evaporative demand of the atmosphere but ...
... the resistance to CO, influx; it also forms a layer which, when complete (i.e. when stomata are closed or absent) very greatly reduces the H,O permeability of the plant surface, thus reducing water loss from a plant whose H,O supply cannot keep pace with the evaporative demand of the atmosphere but ...
Respiration Aerobic and Anaerobic PPT
... During exercise the muscle cells use up more oxygen and produce increased amounts of carbon dioxide. Your lungs and heart have to work harder to supply the extra oxygen and remove the carbon dioxide. Your breathing rate increases and you breathe more deeply. Heart rate also increases in order to tra ...
... During exercise the muscle cells use up more oxygen and produce increased amounts of carbon dioxide. Your lungs and heart have to work harder to supply the extra oxygen and remove the carbon dioxide. Your breathing rate increases and you breathe more deeply. Heart rate also increases in order to tra ...
Ecosystems: Everything Is Connected
... solar energy and use it to drive a series of photo-chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. ...
... solar energy and use it to drive a series of photo-chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. ...
Anatomy of Breathing Student Handout Background
... that your shoulders rise and your torso (especially your belly) expands outward. Each of those movements is controlled by a separate set of muscles, but there is one muscle in particular that does the vast majority of the work: the diaphragm. It’s not a muscle that you can see, because the diaphragm ...
... that your shoulders rise and your torso (especially your belly) expands outward. Each of those movements is controlled by a separate set of muscles, but there is one muscle in particular that does the vast majority of the work: the diaphragm. It’s not a muscle that you can see, because the diaphragm ...
test plants and animal
... 9. The _____ produces new xylem and phloem cells in the stems and roots. a. epidermis c. apical meristem b. endodermis d. vascular cambium 10. A plant's response to an external stimulus that comes from a particular direction is called _____. a. tropism c. flowering b. nastic response d. cell divisio ...
... 9. The _____ produces new xylem and phloem cells in the stems and roots. a. epidermis c. apical meristem b. endodermis d. vascular cambium 10. A plant's response to an external stimulus that comes from a particular direction is called _____. a. tropism c. flowering b. nastic response d. cell divisio ...
Biology-N5-Past-Paper-Questions-Cell-Biology
... In cases where the questions relate to more than one of the National 5 Units, the constituent parts of the question have been separated into their respective key areas. The stem of the question has been retained to give the context of the question. If practitioners require the full integrated questi ...
... In cases where the questions relate to more than one of the National 5 Units, the constituent parts of the question have been separated into their respective key areas. The stem of the question has been retained to give the context of the question. If practitioners require the full integrated questi ...
Oxidation of Pyruvate and the Citric Acid Cycle
... liver. This form produces GTP. GTP is energetically equivalent to ATP; however, its use is more restricted. In particular, protein synthesis primarily uses GTP. Step 6. Step six is a dehydration process that converts succinate into fumarate. Two hydrogen atoms are transferred to FAD, producing FADH2 ...
... liver. This form produces GTP. GTP is energetically equivalent to ATP; however, its use is more restricted. In particular, protein synthesis primarily uses GTP. Step 6. Step six is a dehydration process that converts succinate into fumarate. Two hydrogen atoms are transferred to FAD, producing FADH2 ...
Catasetinae Plant Culture
... dormancy and in the following year they are not as effective at taking up moisture and nutrients. This makes the new roots vital in the plant’s health and reinforces the message about not watering too early. Mid-Season Once the new roots are sufficiently developed, this is the period where the plant ...
... dormancy and in the following year they are not as effective at taking up moisture and nutrients. This makes the new roots vital in the plant’s health and reinforces the message about not watering too early. Mid-Season Once the new roots are sufficiently developed, this is the period where the plant ...
ENERGY SYSTEMS
... Anaerobic Respiration is how sprinters produce the energy that is used in short periods of ‘all out effort’ - high intensity. Oxygen cannot reach the muscles fast enough, so anaerobic respiration is used. Glucose Produces… ...
... Anaerobic Respiration is how sprinters produce the energy that is used in short periods of ‘all out effort’ - high intensity. Oxygen cannot reach the muscles fast enough, so anaerobic respiration is used. Glucose Produces… ...
ANATOMY OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM (OVERVIEW)
... taking oxygen from the air into the blood and returning carbon dioxide to the air. It occurs through the Respiratory Membranes (air-blood barriers). Transport of respiratory gases in the blood throughout the body via the circulatory system. Internal or cellular respiration is the process by which gl ...
... taking oxygen from the air into the blood and returning carbon dioxide to the air. It occurs through the Respiratory Membranes (air-blood barriers). Transport of respiratory gases in the blood throughout the body via the circulatory system. Internal or cellular respiration is the process by which gl ...
cellular respiration
... Put the following steps in the correct order. (Use Figure 9-13 p. 158 for help.) ______ Water forms ______ NADH oxidized ______ Flavoprotein oxidized ______ Fe-S protein oxidized ______ Flavoprotein reduced ______ Fe-S protein reduced ______ Ubiquinone reduced ______ Oxygen reduced ______ cyt a3 pas ...
... Put the following steps in the correct order. (Use Figure 9-13 p. 158 for help.) ______ Water forms ______ NADH oxidized ______ Flavoprotein oxidized ______ Fe-S protein oxidized ______ Flavoprotein reduced ______ Fe-S protein reduced ______ Ubiquinone reduced ______ Oxygen reduced ______ cyt a3 pas ...
Life Processes - Arlington Public Schools
... How do different amounts of food, air, water, light, and space affect plants? ...
... How do different amounts of food, air, water, light, and space affect plants? ...
introduction to biology - San Diego Mesa College
... A) sulfhydryl group B) carboxyl group C) amino group D) hydroxyl group E) aldehyde group Q. 5: Amino acid molecules are to proteins, as ______ molecules are to starch A) maltose B) glucose C) fatty acids D) nucleotides E) oils Q. 6: In an usual phospholipid molecule you would find ___ fatty acid(s), ...
... A) sulfhydryl group B) carboxyl group C) amino group D) hydroxyl group E) aldehyde group Q. 5: Amino acid molecules are to proteins, as ______ molecules are to starch A) maltose B) glucose C) fatty acids D) nucleotides E) oils Q. 6: In an usual phospholipid molecule you would find ___ fatty acid(s), ...
Overview of Aerobic Respiration
... In brain and skeletal muscle cells, the yield is 38 ATP. In liver, heart, and kidney cells, it is 36 ATP. ...
... In brain and skeletal muscle cells, the yield is 38 ATP. In liver, heart, and kidney cells, it is 36 ATP. ...
Phenylpropanoids
... • hydrolyzed by mild acids or mild bases to yield carbohydrate and phenolic acids • Under the same conditions, proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins) do not hydrolyze. • HTs are also hydrolyzed by hot water or enzymes (i.e. tannase). ...
... • hydrolyzed by mild acids or mild bases to yield carbohydrate and phenolic acids • Under the same conditions, proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins) do not hydrolyze. • HTs are also hydrolyzed by hot water or enzymes (i.e. tannase). ...
Review sheet – Chapters 13 and 14 (Plankton)
... Understand that this mass migration is referred to as the “deep scattering layer” for its ability to be detected by echo-sounding equipment as a distinct layer deep in the water column during the day ...
... Understand that this mass migration is referred to as the “deep scattering layer” for its ability to be detected by echo-sounding equipment as a distinct layer deep in the water column during the day ...
Cell Respiration
... intermembrane space creates a high H+ (pH = 7) concentration in the intermembrane space and a low H+ (pH = 8) concentration in the matrix – this proton gradient becomes the source of energy used by the mitochondria to synthesize ATP, which is released as H+ diffuse from the intermembrane space back ...
... intermembrane space creates a high H+ (pH = 7) concentration in the intermembrane space and a low H+ (pH = 8) concentration in the matrix – this proton gradient becomes the source of energy used by the mitochondria to synthesize ATP, which is released as H+ diffuse from the intermembrane space back ...
Energy Metabolism Review
... All organisms produce ATP by releasing energy stored in glucose and other sugars. ...
... All organisms produce ATP by releasing energy stored in glucose and other sugars. ...
Prokaryotic Growth, Nutrition and Physiology
... Carbon typically constitutes about 50% of the dry cell mass, and may be obtained chemotrophically, or autotrophically. Chemotrophs may be chemoorganotrophic or chemolithotrophic, obtaining their carbon from pre-reduced organic molecules or inorganic molecules respectively. Autotrophs fix CO2 by phot ...
... Carbon typically constitutes about 50% of the dry cell mass, and may be obtained chemotrophically, or autotrophically. Chemotrophs may be chemoorganotrophic or chemolithotrophic, obtaining their carbon from pre-reduced organic molecules or inorganic molecules respectively. Autotrophs fix CO2 by phot ...
ACTIVITy-2 - CBSE
... To prove that the exhaled air contains water vapours Stand in front of a mirror and breathe out. Mirror becomes hazy. This is because there is condensation of water vapours into small droplets of water. This proves that exhaled air contains water vapours. ...
... To prove that the exhaled air contains water vapours Stand in front of a mirror and breathe out. Mirror becomes hazy. This is because there is condensation of water vapours into small droplets of water. This proves that exhaled air contains water vapours. ...
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy, normally from the Sun, into chemical energy that can be later released to fuel the organisms' activities. This chemical energy is stored in carbohydrate molecules, such as sugars, which are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water – hence the name photosynthesis, from the Greek φῶς, phōs, ""light"", and σύνθεσις, synthesis, ""putting together"". In most cases, oxygen is also released as a waste product. Most plants, most algae, and cyanobacteria perform photosynthesis; such organisms are called photoautotrophs. Photosynthesis maintains atmospheric oxygen levels and supplies all of the organic compounds and most of the energy necessary for life on Earth.Although photosynthesis is performed differently by different species, the process always begins when energy from light is absorbed by proteins called reaction centres that contain green chlorophyll pigments. In plants, these proteins are held inside organelles called chloroplasts, which are most abundant in leaf cells, while in bacteria they are embedded in the plasma membrane. In these light-dependent reactions, some energy is used to strip electrons from suitable substances, such as water, producing oxygen gas. Furthermore, two further compounds are generated: reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the ""energy currency"" of cells.In plants, algae and cyanobacteria, sugars are produced by a subsequent sequence of light-independent reactions called the Calvin cycle, but some bacteria use different mechanisms, such as the reverse Krebs cycle. In the Calvin cycle, atmospheric carbon dioxide is incorporated into already existing organic carbon compounds, such as ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP). Using the ATP and NADPH produced by the light-dependent reactions, the resulting compounds are then reduced and removed to form further carbohydrates, such as glucose.The first photosynthetic organisms probably evolved early in the evolutionary history of life and most likely used reducing agents, such as hydrogen or hydrogen sulfide, as sources of electrons, rather than water. Cyanobacteria appeared later; the excess oxygen they produced contributed to the oxygen catastrophe, which rendered the evolution of complex life possible. Today, the average rate of energy capture by photosynthesis globally is approximately 130 terawatts, which is about three times the current power consumption of human civilization.Photosynthetic organisms also convert around 100–115 thousand million metric tonnes of carbon into biomass per year.