Chapter 5- Metabolism of bacteria
... – Most significant production of ATP occurs from series of redox reactions known as an electron transport chain (ETC) – Series of carrier molecules that pass electrons from one to another to final electron acceptor – Energy from electrons used to pump protons (H+) across the membrane, establishing a ...
... – Most significant production of ATP occurs from series of redox reactions known as an electron transport chain (ETC) – Series of carrier molecules that pass electrons from one to another to final electron acceptor – Energy from electrons used to pump protons (H+) across the membrane, establishing a ...
Systembiologische Ansätze zur Erforschung des Metabolismus
... • First compute the shortest elementary mode, then the second-shortest and so on. • Done by mixed-integer linear programming. • Assigning a binary variable zi to each reaction i such that zi = 1 if reaction is operative and 0 otherwise • Minimize S zi under certain side constraints such as S zi >=1 ...
... • First compute the shortest elementary mode, then the second-shortest and so on. • Done by mixed-integer linear programming. • Assigning a binary variable zi to each reaction i such that zi = 1 if reaction is operative and 0 otherwise • Minimize S zi under certain side constraints such as S zi >=1 ...
Pass Back Graded Work!
... Citric acid is a common ingredient in skin masks and some lotions. Vitamin C in general is thought an antioxidant that can help refresh skin and reduce the look of aging by promoting new skin growth and destroying free radicals. Too much exposure to citric acid can cause mild skin irritation, and ...
... Citric acid is a common ingredient in skin masks and some lotions. Vitamin C in general is thought an antioxidant that can help refresh skin and reduce the look of aging by promoting new skin growth and destroying free radicals. Too much exposure to citric acid can cause mild skin irritation, and ...
T06 Fermentations 2014
... 6. List (in the box next to the molecule) the number of moles needed for an anaerobic microbe using these substances instead of oxygen as the electron acceptor for the complete oxidation to CO2 of ethanol (CH3-CH2OH): NO3- N2 SO42- H2S Fe3+ Fe2+ ...
... 6. List (in the box next to the molecule) the number of moles needed for an anaerobic microbe using these substances instead of oxygen as the electron acceptor for the complete oxidation to CO2 of ethanol (CH3-CH2OH): NO3- N2 SO42- H2S Fe3+ Fe2+ ...
Lecture 6
... actin molecule into two domains "large", left side, and "small", right side. ATP and Ca2+ are located between the two domains. These two domains can be subdivided further into two subdomains each, the small domain being composed of subdomains 1 and 2, and the 2 has significantly less mass than the o ...
... actin molecule into two domains "large", left side, and "small", right side. ATP and Ca2+ are located between the two domains. These two domains can be subdivided further into two subdomains each, the small domain being composed of subdomains 1 and 2, and the 2 has significantly less mass than the o ...
Lecture 9 Fatty Acid Synthesis
... Acetate (from acetyl CoA) is loaded onto ACP, immediately moved to Cys-SH on condensing enzyme (CE) in Domain 1 of polypeptide 1 Malonyl (malonyl Co-A) is loaded onto ACP on Domain 2 of polypeptide 2 ...
... Acetate (from acetyl CoA) is loaded onto ACP, immediately moved to Cys-SH on condensing enzyme (CE) in Domain 1 of polypeptide 1 Malonyl (malonyl Co-A) is loaded onto ACP on Domain 2 of polypeptide 2 ...
AP Biology
... Hint: review the concept check questions – these are great quick quiz questions! 1. Define the two catabolic pathways: a. Fermentation b. Cellular respiration 2. Use the following terms correctly in a sentence: redox reactions, oxidation, reduction, reducing agent and oxidizing agent. 3. Why is bein ...
... Hint: review the concept check questions – these are great quick quiz questions! 1. Define the two catabolic pathways: a. Fermentation b. Cellular respiration 2. Use the following terms correctly in a sentence: redox reactions, oxidation, reduction, reducing agent and oxidizing agent. 3. Why is bein ...
Glycolysis and gluconeogenesis
... Is a key intermediate in the aerobic oxidation of pyruvate, fatty acids and amino acids. ...
... Is a key intermediate in the aerobic oxidation of pyruvate, fatty acids and amino acids. ...
Metabolism Teaching Notes ***Print off slides 7,12,13, 16, 20, 23, 24
... The Calvin Cycle, or dark reactions, fix CO2 into carbohydrates. Plants fix carbon and to make glucose and expire oxygen. Then glucose and oxygen is used to make ATP in cellular respiration, much like gasoline and oxygen is used to create energy in a vehicle. The ATP is used to do work inside the ce ...
... The Calvin Cycle, or dark reactions, fix CO2 into carbohydrates. Plants fix carbon and to make glucose and expire oxygen. Then glucose and oxygen is used to make ATP in cellular respiration, much like gasoline and oxygen is used to create energy in a vehicle. The ATP is used to do work inside the ce ...
Cellular Energy
... Autotrophs are organisms that make their own food. Heterotrophs are organisms that need to ingest food to obtain energy. ...
... Autotrophs are organisms that make their own food. Heterotrophs are organisms that need to ingest food to obtain energy. ...
Lactate and Lactic Acid
... The three metabolic pathways are the aerobic (with oxygen), anaerobic (without oxygen) and creatine phosphate (CP-ATP) systems. The most immediate energy pathway is CPATP. This is a very short- lived (few seconds) and extremely fast method of providing energy. The aerobic pathway is the most complic ...
... The three metabolic pathways are the aerobic (with oxygen), anaerobic (without oxygen) and creatine phosphate (CP-ATP) systems. The most immediate energy pathway is CPATP. This is a very short- lived (few seconds) and extremely fast method of providing energy. The aerobic pathway is the most complic ...
Adaptative biochemical pathways and regulatory networks in
... mass spectrometry procedures were used to investigate its proteomic changes: i) under aerobic or anaerobic cultivation with Fe(III)-citrate as sole carbon source; ii) under anaerobic cultivations using Na(I)-citrate or Fe(III)-citrate as sole carbon source. Combining data from these differential stu ...
... mass spectrometry procedures were used to investigate its proteomic changes: i) under aerobic or anaerobic cultivation with Fe(III)-citrate as sole carbon source; ii) under anaerobic cultivations using Na(I)-citrate or Fe(III)-citrate as sole carbon source. Combining data from these differential stu ...
Nutritional Abnormalities
... o Depletion of Body Stores: occurs in 30-40 days without dietary intake o Excess Intake: excreted in the urine o Causes: most common in the elderly, chronic alcoholics or in association with underlying disease ...
... o Depletion of Body Stores: occurs in 30-40 days without dietary intake o Excess Intake: excreted in the urine o Causes: most common in the elderly, chronic alcoholics or in association with underlying disease ...
Enzymes are Most Effective at Optimal Conditions
... Under the influence of very high temperature, the weak H-bonds of the enzyme tend to break, due to which the rate of reaction decreases or stops all together. In other words, a denatured enzyme fails to carry out its normal functions. In the human body, the optimum temperature at which most enzymes ...
... Under the influence of very high temperature, the weak H-bonds of the enzyme tend to break, due to which the rate of reaction decreases or stops all together. In other words, a denatured enzyme fails to carry out its normal functions. In the human body, the optimum temperature at which most enzymes ...
CHEMISTRY OF FOOD FERMENTATION
... reaction. In anaerobic conditions, the cell’s primary mechanism of ATP production is glycolysis. Glycolysis reduces (i.e. transfers electrons to) nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), forming NADH. However there is a limited supply of NAD+ available in any given cell. For glycolysis to continue, ...
... reaction. In anaerobic conditions, the cell’s primary mechanism of ATP production is glycolysis. Glycolysis reduces (i.e. transfers electrons to) nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), forming NADH. However there is a limited supply of NAD+ available in any given cell. For glycolysis to continue, ...
Prelab Assignment: The lodination of Acetone
... the reaction will give you information about the order of the reaction with respect to H+. Repeat the experiment with this mixture to establish the time of reaction to within 15 seconds, again making sure that the temperature is within about a degree of that observed previously. From the rate you de ...
... the reaction will give you information about the order of the reaction with respect to H+. Repeat the experiment with this mixture to establish the time of reaction to within 15 seconds, again making sure that the temperature is within about a degree of that observed previously. From the rate you de ...
03 - Respiration II, Photosynthesis I (ch.9,10) Sum13
... In photosynthesis, which of the following happens to H2O? A. B. C. ...
... In photosynthesis, which of the following happens to H2O? A. B. C. ...
Summary of fatty acid synthesis
... 2. Certain cell types in the brain can add up to a total of 24 carbon units to an acyl chain 3. Enzymes present in the ER (mixed-function oxidases) are responsible for desaturating fatty acids using NADPH as a cofactor ...
... 2. Certain cell types in the brain can add up to a total of 24 carbon units to an acyl chain 3. Enzymes present in the ER (mixed-function oxidases) are responsible for desaturating fatty acids using NADPH as a cofactor ...
How did LUCA make a living?
... primordial biochemistry. Acetyl thioesters have been synthesised in alkaline conditions using inorganic FeS or NiS catalysts by Huber and Wächtershäuser.(31) Further, ‘high-energy’ thioester bonds are easily converted into the phosphate bonds of ATP in modern biochemistry, powering intermediary me ...
... primordial biochemistry. Acetyl thioesters have been synthesised in alkaline conditions using inorganic FeS or NiS catalysts by Huber and Wächtershäuser.(31) Further, ‘high-energy’ thioester bonds are easily converted into the phosphate bonds of ATP in modern biochemistry, powering intermediary me ...
Section 2: Energy Flow in Ecosystems
... Efficiency of Cellular Respiration • Cells release energy most efficiently when oxygen is present because they make most of their ATP during aerobic respiration. ...
... Efficiency of Cellular Respiration • Cells release energy most efficiently when oxygen is present because they make most of their ATP during aerobic respiration. ...
Basal metabolic rate
Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the minimal rate of energy expenditure per unit time by endothermic animals at rest. (McNab, B. K. 1997). On the Utility of Uniformity in the Definition of Basal Rate of Metabolism. Physiol. Zool. Vol.70; Metabolism refers to the processes that the body needs to function. Basal Metabolic Rate is the amount of energy expressed in calories that a person needs to keep the body functioning at rest. Some of those processes are breathing, blood circulation, controlling body temperature, cell growth, brain and nerve function, and contraction of muscles. Basal metabolic rate (BMR) affects the rate that a person burns calories and ultimately whether you maintain, gain, or lose weight. Your basal metabolic rate accounts for about 60 to 75% of the calories you burn every day. It is influenced by several factors.