File - Mr. Shanks` Class
... c) Cristae membrane d) Stroma 11. At the end of Glycolysis, the original glucose molecule has been broken down into _____________________ molecules. a) 2 glyceraldehyde – 3 - phosphate b) 3 pyruvate c) 2 phosphoenol pyruvate d) 2 pyruvate 12. The transformation of fumarate into malate requires the u ...
... c) Cristae membrane d) Stroma 11. At the end of Glycolysis, the original glucose molecule has been broken down into _____________________ molecules. a) 2 glyceraldehyde – 3 - phosphate b) 3 pyruvate c) 2 phosphoenol pyruvate d) 2 pyruvate 12. The transformation of fumarate into malate requires the u ...
Lipids (lec 1, 2, 3)..
... Digestion: TAG are so large to be absorbed (enter intestinal mucosa then blood) so they must be degraded first. Enzyme that degrade fats is called: lipase In mouth: No or little digestion (lingual lipase). In stomach: Little or no digestion in adults because: 1- No significant amount of gastric lipa ...
... Digestion: TAG are so large to be absorbed (enter intestinal mucosa then blood) so they must be degraded first. Enzyme that degrade fats is called: lipase In mouth: No or little digestion (lingual lipase). In stomach: Little or no digestion in adults because: 1- No significant amount of gastric lipa ...
THE CITRIC ACID CYCLE
... back of new-born babies, (and in other young or hibernating mammals). Brown fat cells (unlike white fat cells) contain many mitochondria. Why does this make them brown? (Section 3). ...
... back of new-born babies, (and in other young or hibernating mammals). Brown fat cells (unlike white fat cells) contain many mitochondria. Why does this make them brown? (Section 3). ...
Chemistry of Fats and Carbohydrates
... chemical molecules are fats and proteins. Both make up parts of living cells. Fats are a part of all cellular membranes. They also may be stored within a cell as an energy source. Proteins form part of almost all structures within a cell. Therefore, they are essential for cell growth and repair. Als ...
... chemical molecules are fats and proteins. Both make up parts of living cells. Fats are a part of all cellular membranes. They also may be stored within a cell as an energy source. Proteins form part of almost all structures within a cell. Therefore, they are essential for cell growth and repair. Als ...
Free amino acids are important for the retention of protein and non
... were used to evaluate the digestion of proteins in the midgut and the presence of undigested proteins in the feces. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that digestion of the protein meal proceeded normally in controls, and multiple bands corresponding to digestion products were visualized (Fig. 1(a)). Digestio ...
... were used to evaluate the digestion of proteins in the midgut and the presence of undigested proteins in the feces. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that digestion of the protein meal proceeded normally in controls, and multiple bands corresponding to digestion products were visualized (Fig. 1(a)). Digestio ...
Enzyme Web Quest KEY
... Present in human saliva (in the mouth) • If it were not present, you would not be able to break down complex sugars into simpler sugars in your mouth, which would make digestion of sugars difficult. Website(s) where I found my information: Students should list websites used to find their information ...
... Present in human saliva (in the mouth) • If it were not present, you would not be able to break down complex sugars into simpler sugars in your mouth, which would make digestion of sugars difficult. Website(s) where I found my information: Students should list websites used to find their information ...
Lecture_4_Glycolysis
... must be reoxidized to NAD+. This vital coenzyme is derived from the vitamin niacin (B3). NAD+ can be regenerated by further oxidation of pyruvate to CO2, or by the formation of ethanol or lactate from pyruvate. ...
... must be reoxidized to NAD+. This vital coenzyme is derived from the vitamin niacin (B3). NAD+ can be regenerated by further oxidation of pyruvate to CO2, or by the formation of ethanol or lactate from pyruvate. ...
File - Wk 1-2
... ‘reducing’ equivalents and ATP). In aerobic conditions, the pyruvate will go on to be further metabolised in the TCA cycle, whilst in anaerobic conditions, the pyruvate will be converted into lactate to later take part in gluconeogenesis. Glycolysis itself is anaerobic. Depending on which book you l ...
... ‘reducing’ equivalents and ATP). In aerobic conditions, the pyruvate will go on to be further metabolised in the TCA cycle, whilst in anaerobic conditions, the pyruvate will be converted into lactate to later take part in gluconeogenesis. Glycolysis itself is anaerobic. Depending on which book you l ...
Chapter 8 Worksheet
... Molecules of FADH2 and 6(ADP, NADH) bring high-‐energy electrons to the chain from glycolysis and 7(the citric acid cycle, chemiosmosis). The electrons move along the chain from carrier to carrier in a ...
... Molecules of FADH2 and 6(ADP, NADH) bring high-‐energy electrons to the chain from glycolysis and 7(the citric acid cycle, chemiosmosis). The electrons move along the chain from carrier to carrier in a ...
Name - Northern Highlands
... a. removes poisonous oxygen from the environment. c. Enables the cell to recycle NAD+ b. Extracts a bit more energy from glucose. d. Inactivates toxic pyruvic acid. 13. The ATP synthase in a human cell gets energy for making ATP directly from a. Sunlight d. movement of electrons through a series of ...
... a. removes poisonous oxygen from the environment. c. Enables the cell to recycle NAD+ b. Extracts a bit more energy from glucose. d. Inactivates toxic pyruvic acid. 13. The ATP synthase in a human cell gets energy for making ATP directly from a. Sunlight d. movement of electrons through a series of ...
B- Metabolism of Fat metabolism in the well-fed state
... • Metabolism in the Starvation and Diabetes Mellitus ...
... • Metabolism in the Starvation and Diabetes Mellitus ...
Chapter 26
... • Dietary carbohydrates in three principal forms – Monosaccharides: glucose, galactose, fructose • Arise from digestion of starch and disaccharides • Small intestine and liver convert galactose and fructose to glucose – Ultimately, all carbohydrate digestion generates glucose – Outside hepatic porta ...
... • Dietary carbohydrates in three principal forms – Monosaccharides: glucose, galactose, fructose • Arise from digestion of starch and disaccharides • Small intestine and liver convert galactose and fructose to glucose – Ultimately, all carbohydrate digestion generates glucose – Outside hepatic porta ...
Nutrient Needs of Horses - OSU Fact Sheets
... estimates provided in the tables in this Fact Sheet are based on recommendations from the National Research Council. Tables 1 through 5 display how nutrient requirements are expected to change with differences in body size or production. The tables display estimates for requirements of digestible en ...
... estimates provided in the tables in this Fact Sheet are based on recommendations from the National Research Council. Tables 1 through 5 display how nutrient requirements are expected to change with differences in body size or production. The tables display estimates for requirements of digestible en ...
Chapter 26 Nutrition and Metabolism *Lecture PowerPoint
... • Fats yield about 9 kcal/g • Good nutrition requires complex foods that meet the body’s needs for protein, lipid, vitamins, and other nutrients • Fuel—substance solely or primarily oxidized to extract energy from it – Extracted energy used to make adenosine triphosphate (ATP) ...
... • Fats yield about 9 kcal/g • Good nutrition requires complex foods that meet the body’s needs for protein, lipid, vitamins, and other nutrients • Fuel—substance solely or primarily oxidized to extract energy from it – Extracted energy used to make adenosine triphosphate (ATP) ...
PROTEIN ANALYSIS - Farmasi Carbon 2012
... Most proteins exhibit strong UV light absorption at 280 nm because they contain “chromophoric” side chains such as tyrosine, tryptophan, and phenylalanine. ...
... Most proteins exhibit strong UV light absorption at 280 nm because they contain “chromophoric” side chains such as tyrosine, tryptophan, and phenylalanine. ...
Ch. 5 - Macromolecules
... • The structure of phospholipids – Results in a bilayer arrangement found in cell membranes ...
... • The structure of phospholipids – Results in a bilayer arrangement found in cell membranes ...
Chapter 26
... • Fats yield about 9 kcal/g • Good nutrition requires complex foods that meet the body’s needs for protein, lipid, vitamins, and other nutrients • Fuel—substance solely or primarily oxidized to extract energy from it – Extracted energy used to make adenosine triphosphate (ATP) ...
... • Fats yield about 9 kcal/g • Good nutrition requires complex foods that meet the body’s needs for protein, lipid, vitamins, and other nutrients • Fuel—substance solely or primarily oxidized to extract energy from it – Extracted energy used to make adenosine triphosphate (ATP) ...
IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS)
... cassava peels at a mixing ratio of 1:1 had significant effect in increasing average cumulative biogas yield. They posited that substrates with very high C/N ratio would produce very low biogas (Table 4). However, when codigested with materials with a low C/N ratio, stabilize the ratio to an optimal ...
... cassava peels at a mixing ratio of 1:1 had significant effect in increasing average cumulative biogas yield. They posited that substrates with very high C/N ratio would produce very low biogas (Table 4). However, when codigested with materials with a low C/N ratio, stabilize the ratio to an optimal ...
Antioxidants Minerals B-Vitamins
... Dietary sources of the O6 Linoleic Acid (LA) include vegetable oils, nuts, seeds and some vegetables. Dietary sources of the O3 a-Linolenic Acid (ALA) include flaxseeds, walnuts, and their oils. Fish (mackerel, salmon, sardines) are the major dietary sources of the O3 fatty acids EPA and DHA. ...
... Dietary sources of the O6 Linoleic Acid (LA) include vegetable oils, nuts, seeds and some vegetables. Dietary sources of the O3 a-Linolenic Acid (ALA) include flaxseeds, walnuts, and their oils. Fish (mackerel, salmon, sardines) are the major dietary sources of the O3 fatty acids EPA and DHA. ...
Digestion
Digestion is the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into small water-soluble food molecules so that they can be absorbed into the watery blood plasma. In certain organisms, these smaller substances are absorbed through the small intestine into the blood stream. Digestion is a form of catabolism that is often divided into two processes based on how food is broken down: mechanical and chemical digestion. The term mechanical digestion refers to the physical breakdown of large pieces of food into smaller pieces which can subsequently be accessed by digestive enzymes. In chemical digestion, enzymes break down food into the small molecules the body can use.In the human digestive system, food enters the mouth and mechanical digestion of the food starts by the action of mastication (chewing), a form of mechanical digestion, and the wetting contact of saliva. Saliva, a liquid secreted by the salivary glands, contains salivary amylase, an enzyme which starts the digestion of starch in the food; the saliva also contains mucus, which lubricates the food, and hydrogen carbonate, which provides the ideal conditions of pH (alkaline) for amylase to work. After undergoing mastication and starch digestion, the food will be in the form of a small, round slurry mass called a bolus. It will then travel down the esophagus and into the stomach by the action of peristalsis. Gastric juice in the stomach starts protein digestion. Gastric juice mainly contains hydrochloric acid and pepsin. As these two chemicals may damage the stomach wall, mucus is secreted by the stomach, providing a slimy layer that acts as a shield against the damaging effects of the chemicals. At the same time protein digestion is occurring, mechanical mixing occurs by peristalsis, which is waves of muscular contractions that move along the stomach wall. This allows the mass of food to further mix with the digestive enzymes.After some time (typically 1–2 hours in humans, 4–6 hours in dogs, 3–4 hours in house cats), the resulting thick liquid is called chyme. When the pyloric sphincter valve opens, chyme enters the duodenum where it mixes with digestive enzymes from the pancreas and bile juice from the liver and then passes through the small intestine, in which digestion continues. When the chyme is fully digested, it is absorbed into the blood. 95% of absorption of nutrients occurs in the small intestine. Water and minerals are reabsorbed back into the blood in the colon (large intestine) where the pH is slightly acidic about 5.6 ~ 6.9. Some vitamins, such as biotin and vitamin K (K2MK7) produced by bacteria in the colon are also absorbed into the blood in the colon. Waste material is eliminated from the rectum during defecation.