3 biochemistry, macromolecules
... compounds to exist in a number of forms? A carbon atom has 4 valence electrons so it can form 4 bonds with other atoms ...
... compounds to exist in a number of forms? A carbon atom has 4 valence electrons so it can form 4 bonds with other atoms ...
Principles of BIOCHEMISTRY
... acids in tissue The sources of amino acids: 1) absorption in the intestine; 2) protein decomposition; 3) synthesis from the carbohydrates and lipids. Using of amino acids: 1) for protein synthesis; 2) for synthesis of other nitrogen containing compounds (creatine, purines, choline, pyrimidine); 3) a ...
... acids in tissue The sources of amino acids: 1) absorption in the intestine; 2) protein decomposition; 3) synthesis from the carbohydrates and lipids. Using of amino acids: 1) for protein synthesis; 2) for synthesis of other nitrogen containing compounds (creatine, purines, choline, pyrimidine); 3) a ...
Document
... Metabolic turnover:Continuous synth. & degradation of tissue or nutrients to keep a constant conc. of the cell constituent. In the cell there are different organelles & enzymes when there is any process( metabolic process). There is a utilization of material & breakdown of cells in contact with the ...
... Metabolic turnover:Continuous synth. & degradation of tissue or nutrients to keep a constant conc. of the cell constituent. In the cell there are different organelles & enzymes when there is any process( metabolic process). There is a utilization of material & breakdown of cells in contact with the ...
Honors Biology 11/9
... When you apply heat, you agitate those placidly drifting egg-white proteins, bouncing them around. They slam into the surrounding water molecules; they bash into each other. All this bashing about breaks the weak bonds that kept the protein curled up. The egg proteins uncurl and bump into other pro ...
... When you apply heat, you agitate those placidly drifting egg-white proteins, bouncing them around. They slam into the surrounding water molecules; they bash into each other. All this bashing about breaks the weak bonds that kept the protein curled up. The egg proteins uncurl and bump into other pro ...
Macromolecules - Uplift Education
... Glucose – used to transport energy through the blood to all cells in the body ...
... Glucose – used to transport energy through the blood to all cells in the body ...
CARBOHYDRATES: METABOLISM (cont.)
... • Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of all human cells • An anaerobic process: the only process that provides cells with energy under conditions of inadequate oxygen • Breaks down chemical bonds in glucose molecules and releases approximately 5% of the energy stored in them • Prepares glucose for t ...
... • Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of all human cells • An anaerobic process: the only process that provides cells with energy under conditions of inadequate oxygen • Breaks down chemical bonds in glucose molecules and releases approximately 5% of the energy stored in them • Prepares glucose for t ...
food microbiology: the basics and the details of cheese production
... growing in sweet cream. Leuconostoc is then added so it can synthesize diacetyl, a compound that gives butter its characteristic aroma and taste. The milk is then churned to aggregate the fat globules into solid butter. Thus milk type and bacteria will determine the dairy product produced. Cheese is ...
... growing in sweet cream. Leuconostoc is then added so it can synthesize diacetyl, a compound that gives butter its characteristic aroma and taste. The milk is then churned to aggregate the fat globules into solid butter. Thus milk type and bacteria will determine the dairy product produced. Cheese is ...
`The potent poison quite o`ercrows my spirit`
... Phosphodiesterases are used to interfere with the prey's cardiac system, mainly to lower the blood pressure. Phospholipase A2 causes hemolysis by lysing the phospholipid cell membranes of red blood cells.[3] Snake venom inhibits cholinesterase to make the prey lose muscle control. Hyaluronidase incr ...
... Phosphodiesterases are used to interfere with the prey's cardiac system, mainly to lower the blood pressure. Phospholipase A2 causes hemolysis by lysing the phospholipid cell membranes of red blood cells.[3] Snake venom inhibits cholinesterase to make the prey lose muscle control. Hyaluronidase incr ...
bonds form when water is removed to hold acids together.
... Enzymes are protein molecules that act as biological catalysts. Cells contain thousands of different enzymes to control the functions of the cell. Enzymes must physically fit a specific substrate(s) to work properly. The place where a substrate fits an enzyme to be catalyzed is called the active si ...
... Enzymes are protein molecules that act as biological catalysts. Cells contain thousands of different enzymes to control the functions of the cell. Enzymes must physically fit a specific substrate(s) to work properly. The place where a substrate fits an enzyme to be catalyzed is called the active si ...
Bacterial Growth and Nutrition
... – Some molecules cannot be transported in – Enzymes for metabolizing it might not be present – Chemical may be used, but more expensive – These differences are used for identification ...
... – Some molecules cannot be transported in – Enzymes for metabolizing it might not be present – Chemical may be used, but more expensive – These differences are used for identification ...
Tipo de Comunicación: Comunicación Oral Simposio
... Comunicación: Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) are very promising hosts for production of plasmid DNA and recombinant proteins due to their Generally Recognized As Safe status. The traditional host Escherichia coli produces harmful lipopolysaccharides that can be co-purified with the product of interest, ...
... Comunicación: Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) are very promising hosts for production of plasmid DNA and recombinant proteins due to their Generally Recognized As Safe status. The traditional host Escherichia coli produces harmful lipopolysaccharides that can be co-purified with the product of interest, ...
Large Intestine
... Like the small intestine, the mucosa of the large intestine has intestinal glands that contain both absorptive and goblet cells. However, there are several notable differences between the walls of the large and small intestines. For example, other than the anal canal, the mucosa of the colon is simp ...
... Like the small intestine, the mucosa of the large intestine has intestinal glands that contain both absorptive and goblet cells. However, there are several notable differences between the walls of the large and small intestines. For example, other than the anal canal, the mucosa of the colon is simp ...
METABOLISM FOUR CLASSES OF BIOMOLECULES (ALL
... 1. Structural proteins such as keratin. Keratin is a protein in the shape of a long fiber. It is tough and strong. Hair, fingernails, fur, and the outer layers of animal skin are made mostly of keratin. 2. Enzymes make chemical reactions occur quickly. An example of an enzyme is the protein called a ...
... 1. Structural proteins such as keratin. Keratin is a protein in the shape of a long fiber. It is tough and strong. Hair, fingernails, fur, and the outer layers of animal skin are made mostly of keratin. 2. Enzymes make chemical reactions occur quickly. An example of an enzyme is the protein called a ...
Is your digestive system not feeling quite right? Did you know? Good
... bacteria inside your digestive system and they weigh up to 3kg? In fact, you have more bacteria living inside you than you have cells in your entire body! There are approximately 100 trillion bacteria in your digestive system, the vast majority of which live in your bowel. The balance of all these b ...
... bacteria inside your digestive system and they weigh up to 3kg? In fact, you have more bacteria living inside you than you have cells in your entire body! There are approximately 100 trillion bacteria in your digestive system, the vast majority of which live in your bowel. The balance of all these b ...
Macromolecules: Proteins
... Proteins are made of subunits called amino acids and are used to build cells and do much of the work inside organisms. They also act as enzymes helping to control metabolic reactions in organisms. Amino acids contain two functional groups, the carboxyl group (-COOH) and the amino group (-NH2). Use y ...
... Proteins are made of subunits called amino acids and are used to build cells and do much of the work inside organisms. They also act as enzymes helping to control metabolic reactions in organisms. Amino acids contain two functional groups, the carboxyl group (-COOH) and the amino group (-NH2). Use y ...
How much energy is there in food?
... The calorimeter provides oxygen to encourage complete combustion, a jacket of water (often surrounding a copper vessel) to absorb most of the heat released, a heat transfer coil to capture the heat in the gases released by burning, a stirrer to mix the warm and cool water before measuring the temper ...
... The calorimeter provides oxygen to encourage complete combustion, a jacket of water (often surrounding a copper vessel) to absorb most of the heat released, a heat transfer coil to capture the heat in the gases released by burning, a stirrer to mix the warm and cool water before measuring the temper ...
Enzyme Shape
... The shape of an enzyme is very important because it has a direct effect on how it catalyzes a reaction. Why do enzymes have different shapes? An enzyme’s shape is determined by the sequence of amino acids in its structure, and the bonds which form between the atoms of those molecules. Different type ...
... The shape of an enzyme is very important because it has a direct effect on how it catalyzes a reaction. Why do enzymes have different shapes? An enzyme’s shape is determined by the sequence of amino acids in its structure, and the bonds which form between the atoms of those molecules. Different type ...
video slide - Blue Valley Schools
... Cellulose in human food passes through the digestive tract as insoluble fiber. Some microbes use enzymes to digest cellulose. Many herbivores, from cows to termites, have symbiotic relationships with these microbes. ...
... Cellulose in human food passes through the digestive tract as insoluble fiber. Some microbes use enzymes to digest cellulose. Many herbivores, from cows to termites, have symbiotic relationships with these microbes. ...
![PROTEIN[1]](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/008787601_1-982d6894226491a6819f7f792fa348f2-300x300.png)
PROTEIN[1]
... • Transferrin transports iron (hemoglobin – a protein, contains iron, but it transports oxygen) • Proteins may also acts as channels or pumps across the cell membrane ...
... • Transferrin transports iron (hemoglobin – a protein, contains iron, but it transports oxygen) • Proteins may also acts as channels or pumps across the cell membrane ...
Mader/Biology, 11/e – Chapter Outline
... a. Chitin is the primary constituent of the exoskeleton of crabs and related animals (lobsters, insects, etc.). b. Chitin is not digestible by humans. 3. Peptidoglycan is a polymer of glucose derivatives and is found in bacteria. 3.3 Lipids Lipids are varied in structure. 1. Lipids are hydrocarbons ...
... a. Chitin is the primary constituent of the exoskeleton of crabs and related animals (lobsters, insects, etc.). b. Chitin is not digestible by humans. 3. Peptidoglycan is a polymer of glucose derivatives and is found in bacteria. 3.3 Lipids Lipids are varied in structure. 1. Lipids are hydrocarbons ...
Fatty acid
... Examples: Keratin is the protein of hair, horns, feathers, and other skin appendages. Insects and spiders use silk fibers to make their cocoons and webs, respectively. Collagen and elastin proteins provide a fibrous framework in animal connective tissues. ...
... Examples: Keratin is the protein of hair, horns, feathers, and other skin appendages. Insects and spiders use silk fibers to make their cocoons and webs, respectively. Collagen and elastin proteins provide a fibrous framework in animal connective tissues. ...
Unit 2A Macromolecule PPT
... – Starch- Polysaccharide, basically same as glycogen but IN PLANTS, stores energy (glucose) *polymer • i.e. potato (just a big wad of sugar) – Cellulose- polysaccharide in plants as well, used for STRUCTURE in cell walls *polymer ...
... – Starch- Polysaccharide, basically same as glycogen but IN PLANTS, stores energy (glucose) *polymer • i.e. potato (just a big wad of sugar) – Cellulose- polysaccharide in plants as well, used for STRUCTURE in cell walls *polymer ...
Digestion
Digestion is the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into small water-soluble food molecules so that they can be absorbed into the watery blood plasma. In certain organisms, these smaller substances are absorbed through the small intestine into the blood stream. Digestion is a form of catabolism that is often divided into two processes based on how food is broken down: mechanical and chemical digestion. The term mechanical digestion refers to the physical breakdown of large pieces of food into smaller pieces which can subsequently be accessed by digestive enzymes. In chemical digestion, enzymes break down food into the small molecules the body can use.In the human digestive system, food enters the mouth and mechanical digestion of the food starts by the action of mastication (chewing), a form of mechanical digestion, and the wetting contact of saliva. Saliva, a liquid secreted by the salivary glands, contains salivary amylase, an enzyme which starts the digestion of starch in the food; the saliva also contains mucus, which lubricates the food, and hydrogen carbonate, which provides the ideal conditions of pH (alkaline) for amylase to work. After undergoing mastication and starch digestion, the food will be in the form of a small, round slurry mass called a bolus. It will then travel down the esophagus and into the stomach by the action of peristalsis. Gastric juice in the stomach starts protein digestion. Gastric juice mainly contains hydrochloric acid and pepsin. As these two chemicals may damage the stomach wall, mucus is secreted by the stomach, providing a slimy layer that acts as a shield against the damaging effects of the chemicals. At the same time protein digestion is occurring, mechanical mixing occurs by peristalsis, which is waves of muscular contractions that move along the stomach wall. This allows the mass of food to further mix with the digestive enzymes.After some time (typically 1–2 hours in humans, 4–6 hours in dogs, 3–4 hours in house cats), the resulting thick liquid is called chyme. When the pyloric sphincter valve opens, chyme enters the duodenum where it mixes with digestive enzymes from the pancreas and bile juice from the liver and then passes through the small intestine, in which digestion continues. When the chyme is fully digested, it is absorbed into the blood. 95% of absorption of nutrients occurs in the small intestine. Water and minerals are reabsorbed back into the blood in the colon (large intestine) where the pH is slightly acidic about 5.6 ~ 6.9. Some vitamins, such as biotin and vitamin K (K2MK7) produced by bacteria in the colon are also absorbed into the blood in the colon. Waste material is eliminated from the rectum during defecation.