Connections of Carbohydrate, Protein, and Lipid
... by photosynthesis to extract considerably more energy from the sugar molecules using the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. ...
... by photosynthesis to extract considerably more energy from the sugar molecules using the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. ...
metabolism - Websupport1
... atom consists of an electron (e -) and hydrogen ion (H+). There are proteins (called cytochromes) embedded at the inner mitochondrial membrane. This sequence of embedded proteins on the inner mitochondrial membrane is ETS. Coenzyme take the electrons from the molecules of citric acid cycle and give ...
... atom consists of an electron (e -) and hydrogen ion (H+). There are proteins (called cytochromes) embedded at the inner mitochondrial membrane. This sequence of embedded proteins on the inner mitochondrial membrane is ETS. Coenzyme take the electrons from the molecules of citric acid cycle and give ...
2 Carboxyl Groups
... Formed from a glycerol backbone attached to two fatty acid side chains and a polar phosphate group. In a polar environment (such as water) phospholipids assume arrangements in which only their polar ends are exposed to water. This is the reason cell membranes form a lipid bilayer. ...
... Formed from a glycerol backbone attached to two fatty acid side chains and a polar phosphate group. In a polar environment (such as water) phospholipids assume arrangements in which only their polar ends are exposed to water. This is the reason cell membranes form a lipid bilayer. ...
Macromolecules Reading Activity updated 9-14-11
... Fats stored in cells usually form clear oil droplets called globules because fats do not dissolve in water. Plants often store fats in their seeds, and animals store fats in large, clear globules in the cells of adipose tissue. The fats in adipose tissue contain much concentrated energy. Hence, the ...
... Fats stored in cells usually form clear oil droplets called globules because fats do not dissolve in water. Plants often store fats in their seeds, and animals store fats in large, clear globules in the cells of adipose tissue. The fats in adipose tissue contain much concentrated energy. Hence, the ...
Nerve Supply of the Stomach and the Small Intestines
... The small intestine is divided into three major parts; the duodenum, the jejunum and the ilium. It has a length of about 6 meters. 1. The Duodenum: It is 10 inches in length with a “C” shaped appearance situated in the epigastric and umbilical region and is retroperitoneal, except for the first inch ...
... The small intestine is divided into three major parts; the duodenum, the jejunum and the ilium. It has a length of about 6 meters. 1. The Duodenum: It is 10 inches in length with a “C” shaped appearance situated in the epigastric and umbilical region and is retroperitoneal, except for the first inch ...
Ch 5 Activity List File
... 6. Distinguish between the glycosidic linkages found in starch and cellulose. Explain why the difference is biologically important. 7. Describe the role of symbiosis in cellulose digestion. 8. Describe the building-block molecules, structure, and biological importance of fats, phospholipids, and ste ...
... 6. Distinguish between the glycosidic linkages found in starch and cellulose. Explain why the difference is biologically important. 7. Describe the role of symbiosis in cellulose digestion. 8. Describe the building-block molecules, structure, and biological importance of fats, phospholipids, and ste ...
Chapter 5 - Fernando Haro
... denatures protein enough so enzymes can enter and do their work Hydrochloric acid also activates pepsinogen to pepsin – an enzyme that splits peptide bonds ...
... denatures protein enough so enzymes can enter and do their work Hydrochloric acid also activates pepsinogen to pepsin – an enzyme that splits peptide bonds ...
Chapter 5: Microbial Metabolism
... Metabolism = all chemical reactions that occur in a cell/organism; catabolism + anabolism. Catabolism = breakdown of food molecules to produce energy and molecular subunits (example: amino acids from proteins) Anabolism = building of macromolecules that the organism needs (proteins from amino acid s ...
... Metabolism = all chemical reactions that occur in a cell/organism; catabolism + anabolism. Catabolism = breakdown of food molecules to produce energy and molecular subunits (example: amino acids from proteins) Anabolism = building of macromolecules that the organism needs (proteins from amino acid s ...
Carbs and Lipids Review
... Label each component of an enzyme reaction using the following word bank. Words may be used more than once. Substrate Enzyme ...
... Label each component of an enzyme reaction using the following word bank. Words may be used more than once. Substrate Enzyme ...
Biomolecule exam review
... Label each component of an enzyme reaction using the following word bank. Words may be used more than once. Substrate Enzyme ...
... Label each component of an enzyme reaction using the following word bank. Words may be used more than once. Substrate Enzyme ...
Slide 1
... An anaerobic process: the only process that provides cells with energy under conditions of inadequate oxygen Breaks down chemical bonds in glucose molecules and releases approximately 5% of the energy stored in them Prepares glucose for the second step in catabolism—the ...
... An anaerobic process: the only process that provides cells with energy under conditions of inadequate oxygen Breaks down chemical bonds in glucose molecules and releases approximately 5% of the energy stored in them Prepares glucose for the second step in catabolism—the ...
Problem Set 9 Key
... a. Dietary proteins Gastrin Hormone is secreted by gastric mucosal cells which signals the release of HCl and Pepsinogen (pepsin zymogen) by gastric glands. The low pH triggesr Secretin release, which stimulates pancrease to release bicarbonate to neutralize the small intestine. Amino acids in the d ...
... a. Dietary proteins Gastrin Hormone is secreted by gastric mucosal cells which signals the release of HCl and Pepsinogen (pepsin zymogen) by gastric glands. The low pH triggesr Secretin release, which stimulates pancrease to release bicarbonate to neutralize the small intestine. Amino acids in the d ...
Saliva Hook - BioScholars1st
... potatoes, pasta, bread, fruit, veggies, sodas provides energy for the process of respiration glucose, fructose, cellulose, starch Lipids: Fatty acid (monomer) Monomers form triglycerides, oils, waxes Red meat, cheese, dairy, Provides insulation, solubility for some vitamins/minerals, waterproofing T ...
... potatoes, pasta, bread, fruit, veggies, sodas provides energy for the process of respiration glucose, fructose, cellulose, starch Lipids: Fatty acid (monomer) Monomers form triglycerides, oils, waxes Red meat, cheese, dairy, Provides insulation, solubility for some vitamins/minerals, waterproofing T ...
Biochem lectures
... Hierarchical nature of hormonal control Hormonal regulation of some physiological activities involves a hierarchy of cell types acting on each other either to stimulate or to modulate the release and action of a particular hormone. The secretion of hormones from successive levels of endocrine cells ...
... Hierarchical nature of hormonal control Hormonal regulation of some physiological activities involves a hierarchy of cell types acting on each other either to stimulate or to modulate the release and action of a particular hormone. The secretion of hormones from successive levels of endocrine cells ...
Cellular Respiration - Peoria Public Schools
... • Triglycerides are body’s main energy storage molecules • Between meals triglycerides are broken down into fatty acids and glycerol • Metabolism occurs in mitochondria • Series of reactions where 2 Carbons are removed for fatty acids to form acetyl-CoA • Acetyl-CoA combines to form ketones • Too ma ...
... • Triglycerides are body’s main energy storage molecules • Between meals triglycerides are broken down into fatty acids and glycerol • Metabolism occurs in mitochondria • Series of reactions where 2 Carbons are removed for fatty acids to form acetyl-CoA • Acetyl-CoA combines to form ketones • Too ma ...
Importance of Enzymes to Value
... peaches , and leafy salads, and the bleaching of the green color of green beans, English peas, and leafy vegetables are usually considered undesirable changes. Color develops during ripening. It result s from the maturation (senescence) process that leads to rapid increase in cell size, flavor enhan ...
... peaches , and leafy salads, and the bleaching of the green color of green beans, English peas, and leafy vegetables are usually considered undesirable changes. Color develops during ripening. It result s from the maturation (senescence) process that leads to rapid increase in cell size, flavor enhan ...
BHS 150.1 – Course I Date: 10/18/12, 1st hour Notetaker: Laurel
... transported to mitochondria **For exam, she will give us an inactive FA in cytosol that needs to be activated for transport into mitochondria ...
... transported to mitochondria **For exam, she will give us an inactive FA in cytosol that needs to be activated for transport into mitochondria ...
Cell.Biology.2. Macromolecules edited
... You are working with your table You have 15 minutes to get as much done as you can. As soon as you’re done, or after 15 minutes (whichever comes first), come back to class. ...
... You are working with your table You have 15 minutes to get as much done as you can. As soon as you’re done, or after 15 minutes (whichever comes first), come back to class. ...
Regulation of Metabolism
... •When enzymes need to be regulated (i.e. when we need more energy to run away from a bear or to store excess glucose), a signal transduction cascade is activated by a hormone. •The hormone that signals storage of glucose is insulin. The enzymes that help regulate glucose storage (i.e. glycogen synth ...
... •When enzymes need to be regulated (i.e. when we need more energy to run away from a bear or to store excess glucose), a signal transduction cascade is activated by a hormone. •The hormone that signals storage of glucose is insulin. The enzymes that help regulate glucose storage (i.e. glycogen synth ...
Document
... into amino acids by the action of enzymes) • Increase amino acid entry in hepatic cells • Promotes gluconeogenesis from amino acid ...
... into amino acids by the action of enzymes) • Increase amino acid entry in hepatic cells • Promotes gluconeogenesis from amino acid ...
canine pancreatitis - Liles Animal Clinic
... and the results of radiographs (x-rays) and/or ultrasound examination. The disease is typically manifested by nausea, vomiting, fever, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. If the attack is severe, acute shock, depression, and death may occur. Laboratory tests usually reveal an elevated white blood cell cou ...
... and the results of radiographs (x-rays) and/or ultrasound examination. The disease is typically manifested by nausea, vomiting, fever, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. If the attack is severe, acute shock, depression, and death may occur. Laboratory tests usually reveal an elevated white blood cell cou ...
Digestion
Digestion is the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into small water-soluble food molecules so that they can be absorbed into the watery blood plasma. In certain organisms, these smaller substances are absorbed through the small intestine into the blood stream. Digestion is a form of catabolism that is often divided into two processes based on how food is broken down: mechanical and chemical digestion. The term mechanical digestion refers to the physical breakdown of large pieces of food into smaller pieces which can subsequently be accessed by digestive enzymes. In chemical digestion, enzymes break down food into the small molecules the body can use.In the human digestive system, food enters the mouth and mechanical digestion of the food starts by the action of mastication (chewing), a form of mechanical digestion, and the wetting contact of saliva. Saliva, a liquid secreted by the salivary glands, contains salivary amylase, an enzyme which starts the digestion of starch in the food; the saliva also contains mucus, which lubricates the food, and hydrogen carbonate, which provides the ideal conditions of pH (alkaline) for amylase to work. After undergoing mastication and starch digestion, the food will be in the form of a small, round slurry mass called a bolus. It will then travel down the esophagus and into the stomach by the action of peristalsis. Gastric juice in the stomach starts protein digestion. Gastric juice mainly contains hydrochloric acid and pepsin. As these two chemicals may damage the stomach wall, mucus is secreted by the stomach, providing a slimy layer that acts as a shield against the damaging effects of the chemicals. At the same time protein digestion is occurring, mechanical mixing occurs by peristalsis, which is waves of muscular contractions that move along the stomach wall. This allows the mass of food to further mix with the digestive enzymes.After some time (typically 1–2 hours in humans, 4–6 hours in dogs, 3–4 hours in house cats), the resulting thick liquid is called chyme. When the pyloric sphincter valve opens, chyme enters the duodenum where it mixes with digestive enzymes from the pancreas and bile juice from the liver and then passes through the small intestine, in which digestion continues. When the chyme is fully digested, it is absorbed into the blood. 95% of absorption of nutrients occurs in the small intestine. Water and minerals are reabsorbed back into the blood in the colon (large intestine) where the pH is slightly acidic about 5.6 ~ 6.9. Some vitamins, such as biotin and vitamin K (K2MK7) produced by bacteria in the colon are also absorbed into the blood in the colon. Waste material is eliminated from the rectum during defecation.