Ecological speciation model
... Natural agent of alcohol fermentations in tropics, isolated from Mexican pulque. Gram negative, motile, small rods, anaerobic to microaerophilic Usually make more than 2 mol ethanol per mol glucose Often more versatile than yeast in substrates used Organism of choice for bulk ethanol production (gas ...
... Natural agent of alcohol fermentations in tropics, isolated from Mexican pulque. Gram negative, motile, small rods, anaerobic to microaerophilic Usually make more than 2 mol ethanol per mol glucose Often more versatile than yeast in substrates used Organism of choice for bulk ethanol production (gas ...
Metabolic Flux Analysis on the Production of Poly(3 - Wiley-VCH
... growth or maximum metabolite production, and solving by linear programing ( Varma and Palsson, 1994). MFA has been applied to calculate the maximum theoretical yield of a desired metabolite to be produced. Another application is to identify the rigidity of branch points in metabolic pathways. The ri ...
... growth or maximum metabolite production, and solving by linear programing ( Varma and Palsson, 1994). MFA has been applied to calculate the maximum theoretical yield of a desired metabolite to be produced. Another application is to identify the rigidity of branch points in metabolic pathways. The ri ...
Chapter 9. Cellular Respiration Kreb`s Cycle
... reduces NAD NADH (stores energy) produces acetyl CoA ...
... reduces NAD NADH (stores energy) produces acetyl CoA ...
Inositol 1,3,4,5,6-Pentakisphosphate 2-Kinase
... method (Brearley and Hanke, 2000). Taken together, these observations support the existence of a functional lipid-independent pathway in higher plants. Ins(1,3,4,5,6)P5 is the common intermediate in both lipid-dependent and lipid-independent phytic acid biosynthetic pathways. A kinase activity that ...
... method (Brearley and Hanke, 2000). Taken together, these observations support the existence of a functional lipid-independent pathway in higher plants. Ins(1,3,4,5,6)P5 is the common intermediate in both lipid-dependent and lipid-independent phytic acid biosynthetic pathways. A kinase activity that ...
Master Beekeeper Certification Course: Category #7
... The sugar concentration in nectar varies from 4% to over 80%. However, the sugar concentration in mature honey averages around 95%. Honeybees process nectar into honey by removing water biophysically and chemically by absorbing water and passing it from one bee to another and mechanically by fanning ...
... The sugar concentration in nectar varies from 4% to over 80%. However, the sugar concentration in mature honey averages around 95%. Honeybees process nectar into honey by removing water biophysically and chemically by absorbing water and passing it from one bee to another and mechanically by fanning ...
Crystal structure of yeast hexokinase Pl in complex
... Hexokinase catalyses the formation of hexose-6-phosphate (mainly glucose-6phosphate, Glc-6P) from hexose using ATP as a phosphoryl donor. The isoenzymes differ in their activity toward particular hexoses. The enzymatic activity of PI isoenzyme with fructose and mannose is 2.6 and 0.6 times than that ...
... Hexokinase catalyses the formation of hexose-6-phosphate (mainly glucose-6phosphate, Glc-6P) from hexose using ATP as a phosphoryl donor. The isoenzymes differ in their activity toward particular hexoses. The enzymatic activity of PI isoenzyme with fructose and mannose is 2.6 and 0.6 times than that ...
Chapter 9. Cellular Respiration Oxidation of Pyruvate Krebs Cycle
... reduces NAD → NADH (stores energy) produces acetyl CoA ...
... reduces NAD → NADH (stores energy) produces acetyl CoA ...
Derived copy of Bis2A 07.2 Fermentation
... Visit this site2 to see anaerobic cellular respiration in action. Other fermentation methods occur in bacteria. Many bacteria are facultatively aerobes. This means that they can switch between aerobic and anaerobic growth depending on the availability of oxygen. Certain bacteria, like Clostridia bac ...
... Visit this site2 to see anaerobic cellular respiration in action. Other fermentation methods occur in bacteria. Many bacteria are facultatively aerobes. This means that they can switch between aerobic and anaerobic growth depending on the availability of oxygen. Certain bacteria, like Clostridia bac ...
Expression and V (D) J recombination activity of mutated RAG
... to probe the susceptibility of this region to local alteration. In each case a unique Sail restriction enzyme site (encoding the amino acids valine, aspartic acid) was added to the sequence replacing two residues chosen so that the changes would be fairly conservative. Each insertion was followed by ...
... to probe the susceptibility of this region to local alteration. In each case a unique Sail restriction enzyme site (encoding the amino acids valine, aspartic acid) was added to the sequence replacing two residues chosen so that the changes would be fairly conservative. Each insertion was followed by ...
Simple Models of the Protein Folding Problem
... and regulation, and immune response. A protein consists of a chain of amino acids whose sequence is determined by the information in DNA/RNA. There are 20 natural amino acids nature uses to make up proteins. These differ in size and other physical and chemical properties. The most important differen ...
... and regulation, and immune response. A protein consists of a chain of amino acids whose sequence is determined by the information in DNA/RNA. There are 20 natural amino acids nature uses to make up proteins. These differ in size and other physical and chemical properties. The most important differen ...
Systembiologische Ansätze zur Erforschung des Metabolismus
... • Information about network structure can be used to derive far-reaching conclusions about performance of metabolism • Two tendencies in modelling: large-scale vs. mediumscale • Analysis of both types of models allows interesting conclusions • Some questions can only be answered in whole-cell models ...
... • Information about network structure can be used to derive far-reaching conclusions about performance of metabolism • Two tendencies in modelling: large-scale vs. mediumscale • Analysis of both types of models allows interesting conclusions • Some questions can only be answered in whole-cell models ...
Teaching Active Transport At the Turn of the Twenty
... FIGURE 4 Three-dimensional image of the SR ATPase obtained by cryoelectron microscopy. One of the membrane-bound ATPase molecules shown in Fig. 1 is here presented with its threedimensional structure at 14-Å resolution (Toyoshima et al., 1993). The extramembranous cytosolic region is here shaped as ...
... FIGURE 4 Three-dimensional image of the SR ATPase obtained by cryoelectron microscopy. One of the membrane-bound ATPase molecules shown in Fig. 1 is here presented with its threedimensional structure at 14-Å resolution (Toyoshima et al., 1993). The extramembranous cytosolic region is here shaped as ...
RNA helicase DDX19 stabilizes ribosomal elongation and
... presence of the characteristic eponymous sequence AspGlu-Ala-Asp (DEAD) (5). One representative of this family is the human ATP-dependent RNA-helicase DDX19 (3). It is an essential protein that is conserved in eukaryotes (6,7). Like in all members of the family, the helicase core of DDX19 consists o ...
... presence of the characteristic eponymous sequence AspGlu-Ala-Asp (DEAD) (5). One representative of this family is the human ATP-dependent RNA-helicase DDX19 (3). It is an essential protein that is conserved in eukaryotes (6,7). Like in all members of the family, the helicase core of DDX19 consists o ...
Geometrical and Sequence Characteristics of
... four Ca atoms was slid over the length of the helix in steps of one Ca atom. The geometry of the helix is assigned from the values of four parameters, namely, the maximum local bending angle in the helix, defining the largest distortion in the helix; the root mean square deviations for the line (rms ...
... four Ca atoms was slid over the length of the helix in steps of one Ca atom. The geometry of the helix is assigned from the values of four parameters, namely, the maximum local bending angle in the helix, defining the largest distortion in the helix; the root mean square deviations for the line (rms ...
Radical species in the catalytic pathways of enzymes from anaerobes
... reactions, nicotinate is converted to 2-methyleneglutarate whereby the original carbon skeleton is still retained. In the subsequent coenzyme B12 -dependent rearrangement of 2-methyleneglutarate to (R)-3methylitaconate, a derivative of a C5 -dicarboxylate is again converted to a more branched C4 -di ...
... reactions, nicotinate is converted to 2-methyleneglutarate whereby the original carbon skeleton is still retained. In the subsequent coenzyme B12 -dependent rearrangement of 2-methyleneglutarate to (R)-3methylitaconate, a derivative of a C5 -dicarboxylate is again converted to a more branched C4 -di ...
Presentation
... Nonlinear fitting of the titration curves: where y – experimental fluorescence, F is a fluorescence scaling factor Kd - dissociation constant, P - total protein concentration (luciferase), Lt - the total ligand concentration (ANS), n – number of binding sites. ...
... Nonlinear fitting of the titration curves: where y – experimental fluorescence, F is a fluorescence scaling factor Kd - dissociation constant, P - total protein concentration (luciferase), Lt - the total ligand concentration (ANS), n – number of binding sites. ...
Bovine Angiotensin Converting Enzyme cDNA Cloning and
... to be dynamically regulated by hormones, ACE inhibitors, and endothelial cell growth state. To study how ACE expression is regulated, we isolated and sequenced the bovine ACE gene using both ACE-specific cDNA and genomic clones. Bovine ACE cDNA encodes a single polypeptide of 1,306 residues with a m ...
... to be dynamically regulated by hormones, ACE inhibitors, and endothelial cell growth state. To study how ACE expression is regulated, we isolated and sequenced the bovine ACE gene using both ACE-specific cDNA and genomic clones. Bovine ACE cDNA encodes a single polypeptide of 1,306 residues with a m ...
Biosynthesis
Biosynthesis (also called biogenesis or anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined together to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides.The prerequisite elements for biosynthesis include: precursor compounds, chemical energy (e.g. ATP), and catalytic enzymes which may require coenzymes (e.g.NADH, NADPH). These elements create monomers, the building blocks for macromolecules. Some important biological macromolecules include: proteins, which are composed of amino acid monomers joined via peptide bonds, and DNA molecules, which are composed of nucleotides joined via phosphodiester bonds.