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ABC
ABC

... structurally diverse but all are ...
Clicker game ?`s
Clicker game ?`s

... A PEP carboxylase B Rubisco C acetyl Co A D ATP synthase E phosphofructokinase 19 What is a nonprotein "helper" of an enzyme molecule called? A assessory enzyme B allosteric group C coenzyme D functional group E enyzme activator 20 Which metallic cofactor is part of the chlorophyll molecule? A Fe B ...
Classification of Enzymes - Lectures For UG-5
Classification of Enzymes - Lectures For UG-5

... • Every enzyme code consists of the letters "EC" followed by four numbers separated by periods. Those numbers represent a progressively finer classification of the enzyme. • For example, the tripeptide aminopeptidases have the code "EC 3.4.11.4", whose components indicate the following groups of enz ...
Powerpoint - Castle High School
Powerpoint - Castle High School

... (c) They are minerals that alter the pH of cells and thus increase the probability of chemical reactions. (d) They are synthesized in the rough ER of eukaryotic cells. ...
You Light Up My Life
You Light Up My Life

... • Nuclear envelope may have helped to protect genes from competition with foreign DNA • ER channels may have protected vital proteins DNA ...
Macromolecules
Macromolecules

... Cell walls in plants / bacteria = cellulose & others Exoskeletons of invertebrates = chiton Many in extracellular matrix of all tissues Receptors on cell surfaces (usually bound to proteins or lipids) We will discuss the use of carbohydrates for producing energy and for use as structural molecules a ...
Prep 101
Prep 101

... that are amphipathic. Have hydrophobic tail and hydrophilic head ...
УДК: 547
УДК: 547

... To date, there are three main levels of exploitation of biochemical (metabolic) properties of amino acids and their derivatives in clinical practice: I. the use of amino acids or multi-component mixtures of amino acids (mainly essential, combined with vitamins and trace elements) for replacement the ...
Protein Synthesis Worksheet
Protein Synthesis Worksheet

... 1. In DNA, adenine binds with ____________ and guanine binds with _____________. 2. In RNA, adenine binds with ____________ and guanine binds with _____________. 3. Transcription takes place in the ________________; translation takes place in the _______________. 4. The building blocks of nucleic ac ...
CHEMISTRY Answer ALL questions of the on
CHEMISTRY Answer ALL questions of the on

... The structures of the amino acids cysteine and serine are shown in Table 20 of the Data Booklet. They can react with each other to form a dipeptide. (a) ...
Name
Name

...  Know positions of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur in the macromolecules 3. The Properties of Water (all come from water’s polarity and its ability to form hydrogen bonds; understand how the structure of the water molecule is related to its function)  Excellent solvent – ...
CHEM 214 Elementary Biochemistry
CHEM 214 Elementary Biochemistry

Genetics - Mr. Coleman's Biology
Genetics - Mr. Coleman's Biology

... Multiple alleles – more than two alleles for a gene are found within a population. Polygenic traits – many genes contribute to a phenotype. ...
File
File

... Multiple alleles – more than two alleles for a gene are found within a population. Polygenic traits – many genes contribute to a phenotype. ...
Ch 3 Lipids
Ch 3 Lipids

... • Monomer is called _____________________ • Five carbon sugar • Phosphate Group • Nitrogen base ...
Document
Document

... 1. Simple proteins yield only amino acids on hydrolysis. 2. Conjugated proteins, which are much more common than simple proteins, yield other compounds such as carbohydrates, fats, or nucleic acids in addition to amino acids on hydrolysis. 3. Fibrous proteins consist of polypeptide chains arranged s ...
Chapter 3
Chapter 3

... Nucleic Acids DNA -nucleotides connected by phosphodiester bonds - double helix: 2 polynucleotide strands connected by hydrogen bonds -polynucleotide strands are complementary -genetic information is carried in the sequence of nucleotides ...
Organic Molecules: The Molecules of Life
Organic Molecules: The Molecules of Life

... of a third fatty acid, it has a Phosphate group with a P and Nitrogen) .The P group= head. The fatty acids=tails Head is polar- It has a charge Tails are non-polar- no charge Head- like water. Bcs it’s polar. Hydrophilic Tails- don’t like water because they are neutral. Hydrophobic. Phospholipids fo ...
Unit 2 Review: Molecular Genetics
Unit 2 Review: Molecular Genetics

File
File

ANNEX B: Selected Biotechnology Terms
ANNEX B: Selected Biotechnology Terms

... Produced by a clone of engineered antibody-producing (“hybridoma”) cells obtained by fusion of immortal tumor cells with stimulated lymphocytes. Mutagen – an agent that increases the rate of mutation by causing changes in the nucleotide sequences of DNA (for example, carcinogens) Physiologically Act ...
Biotechnology IB Syllabus
Biotechnology IB Syllabus

...  Gel electrophoresis is used to separate proteins or fragments of DNA according to size.  PCR can be used to amplify small amounts of DNA. Theory of knowledge:  DNA profiling involves comparison of DNA. The use of DNA for securing convictions in legal cases is well  Genetic modification is carri ...
Chapter 1 Review Understanding Concepts
Chapter 1 Review Understanding Concepts

... 15. Quaternary structure refers to the association of two or more polypeptide subunits that come together to form a functional protein. Two proteins that require quaternary structure to function are hemoglobin and gastrin. 16. Chaperone proteins help growing polypeptide subunits to orientate themsel ...
Part b
Part b

... bonds can be hydrolyzed to release energy. ...
Amino Acid Metabolism - Breakdown Other metabolic
Amino Acid Metabolism - Breakdown Other metabolic

... Glc 6-phosphate + 2NADP+ + H2O  ribose 5-phos + CO2 + 2NADPH + 2H+ ...
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Biosynthesis



Biosynthesis (also called biogenesis or anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined together to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides.The prerequisite elements for biosynthesis include: precursor compounds, chemical energy (e.g. ATP), and catalytic enzymes which may require coenzymes (e.g.NADH, NADPH). These elements create monomers, the building blocks for macromolecules. Some important biological macromolecules include: proteins, which are composed of amino acid monomers joined via peptide bonds, and DNA molecules, which are composed of nucleotides joined via phosphodiester bonds.
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