Chemical Basis of Life
... Monomers: small repeating units Universal, similar in all forms of life Polymers: chains of monomers, functional components of ...
... Monomers: small repeating units Universal, similar in all forms of life Polymers: chains of monomers, functional components of ...
Functions of proteins
... Involves the folding of secondary structures to form a globular (round, compact) protein shape Caused by interactions between the R groups in the amino acids Held together by many bonds (H-bonds, dipole-dipole, London, ionic, covalent) (ex of covalent = disulfide bride bond forms between S o ...
... Involves the folding of secondary structures to form a globular (round, compact) protein shape Caused by interactions between the R groups in the amino acids Held together by many bonds (H-bonds, dipole-dipole, London, ionic, covalent) (ex of covalent = disulfide bride bond forms between S o ...
Introduction to genome biology
... DNA polymerase: synthesizes the new DNA strand; also performs proofreading. Primase: attaches small RNA primer to singlestranded DNA to act as a substitute 3'OH for DNA polymerase to begin synthesizing from. Ligase: catalyzes the formation of phosphodiester bonds. Single-stranded binding proteins: m ...
... DNA polymerase: synthesizes the new DNA strand; also performs proofreading. Primase: attaches small RNA primer to singlestranded DNA to act as a substitute 3'OH for DNA polymerase to begin synthesizing from. Ligase: catalyzes the formation of phosphodiester bonds. Single-stranded binding proteins: m ...
rational drug design
... 24. Indicate on each sketch above where the acetylcholine binding site is located. 25. Would you expect negatively charged ions to be attracted to or repelled away from this ring of negatively charged amino acids? Explain your answer. Should be repelled as like charges repel. 26. Outside the cell t ...
... 24. Indicate on each sketch above where the acetylcholine binding site is located. 25. Would you expect negatively charged ions to be attracted to or repelled away from this ring of negatively charged amino acids? Explain your answer. Should be repelled as like charges repel. 26. Outside the cell t ...
Protein Synthesis
... The DNA is like the encyclopedia you can never check out of the library. However, you are allowed to make copies of the information. That‛s what RNA is – a copied message of the important pages. Making copies ensures that you don‛t ‘ruin‛ the original by taking it out of the nucleus (this only appli ...
... The DNA is like the encyclopedia you can never check out of the library. However, you are allowed to make copies of the information. That‛s what RNA is – a copied message of the important pages. Making copies ensures that you don‛t ‘ruin‛ the original by taking it out of the nucleus (this only appli ...
Protein Synthesis - Elgin High School
... • Protein synthesis begins by making a copy of the DNA, a process called trancription. – The DNA strand uncoils like it did for replication – mRNA (messenger RNA) links to the nucleotides link to the open strand, making a complimentary copy of the DNA. • Always read from the 5’ toward the 3’ end of ...
... • Protein synthesis begins by making a copy of the DNA, a process called trancription. – The DNA strand uncoils like it did for replication – mRNA (messenger RNA) links to the nucleotides link to the open strand, making a complimentary copy of the DNA. • Always read from the 5’ toward the 3’ end of ...
Schematic of key mitochondrial metabolic pathways
... generated through the TCA cycle are next oxidised in a process coupled to ATP synthesis. Electrons are transferred from NADH and FADH2 to oxygen via enzyme complexes located on the inner mitochondrial membrane. Three of the electron carriers (complexes I, III and IV) are proton pumps, and couple the ...
... generated through the TCA cycle are next oxidised in a process coupled to ATP synthesis. Electrons are transferred from NADH and FADH2 to oxygen via enzyme complexes located on the inner mitochondrial membrane. Three of the electron carriers (complexes I, III and IV) are proton pumps, and couple the ...
Chapter 2 Outline
... v. Unsaturated fatty acids - have less than the maximum number of hydrogen bonded to the carbons 1. Examples: Most plant oils; vegetable or corn oil vi. Saturated fatty acids - have the maximum number of hydrogen bonded to the carbons 1. Example: Most animal fats ...
... v. Unsaturated fatty acids - have less than the maximum number of hydrogen bonded to the carbons 1. Examples: Most plant oils; vegetable or corn oil vi. Saturated fatty acids - have the maximum number of hydrogen bonded to the carbons 1. Example: Most animal fats ...
DNA Structure and Replication
... -DNA polymerase links the new base to the growing strand by breaking off 2 phosphate groups -DNA polymerase links new bases to the template strand -Always adds them in the 5’ to 3’ direction on the leading strand; is synthesized in a continuous strand from a replication fork -3’ to 5’ strand is the ...
... -DNA polymerase links the new base to the growing strand by breaking off 2 phosphate groups -DNA polymerase links new bases to the template strand -Always adds them in the 5’ to 3’ direction on the leading strand; is synthesized in a continuous strand from a replication fork -3’ to 5’ strand is the ...
Chapter 2 Chemistry
... c. Eicosanoids – a 20 carbon fatty acid with a 5 or 6 carbon ring i. Examples: prostaglandins, leukotrienes, thromboxanes d. Steroids - the carbon skeleton is bent to form four fused rings i. Cholesterol is the “base steroid” from which your body produces other steroids ii. Example: testosterone, es ...
... c. Eicosanoids – a 20 carbon fatty acid with a 5 or 6 carbon ring i. Examples: prostaglandins, leukotrienes, thromboxanes d. Steroids - the carbon skeleton is bent to form four fused rings i. Cholesterol is the “base steroid” from which your body produces other steroids ii. Example: testosterone, es ...
The Chemical Building Blocks of Life
... 3. Gives polysaccharides different properties a. Starch: with α-linked glucose, which is easy to digest ...
... 3. Gives polysaccharides different properties a. Starch: with α-linked glucose, which is easy to digest ...
chapter 5 the structure and function of macromolecules
... ° A polymer is a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds. ° The repeated units are small molecules called monomers. ° Some of the molecules that serve as monomers have other functions of their own. ...
... ° A polymer is a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds. ° The repeated units are small molecules called monomers. ° Some of the molecules that serve as monomers have other functions of their own. ...
Document
... 1) Translation of the genetic code is dependent on three base words that correspond to a single amino acid. 2) The mRNA message is read by tRNA through the use of a three base complement to the three 3 base word. 3) A specific amino acid is conjugated to a specific tRNA (three base word). 4) Amino a ...
... 1) Translation of the genetic code is dependent on three base words that correspond to a single amino acid. 2) The mRNA message is read by tRNA through the use of a three base complement to the three 3 base word. 3) A specific amino acid is conjugated to a specific tRNA (three base word). 4) Amino a ...
Curiosity is the Key to Discovery
... To synthesize one molecule of Protein with 400 Amino Acid residues 400 AA-tRNA molecules must be selected in the proper sequence Synthesis of corresponding molecule of mRNA, 1206 molecules of ribonucleoside triphosphate must be selected in sequence ...
... To synthesize one molecule of Protein with 400 Amino Acid residues 400 AA-tRNA molecules must be selected in the proper sequence Synthesis of corresponding molecule of mRNA, 1206 molecules of ribonucleoside triphosphate must be selected in sequence ...
Biosynthesis
Biosynthesis (also called biogenesis or anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined together to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides.The prerequisite elements for biosynthesis include: precursor compounds, chemical energy (e.g. ATP), and catalytic enzymes which may require coenzymes (e.g.NADH, NADPH). These elements create monomers, the building blocks for macromolecules. Some important biological macromolecules include: proteins, which are composed of amino acid monomers joined via peptide bonds, and DNA molecules, which are composed of nucleotides joined via phosphodiester bonds.