Uncoupling Proteins Cellular Metabolism Cellular Metabolism
... Lactic acid produced by anaerobic respiration in muscle is released into the bloodstream and delivered to the liver. LDH converts lactic acid to pyruvic acid. Gluconeogenesis: (“creating new glucose”) Pyruvic acid converted to glucose-6-phosphate: G-6-P can be used either for 7A- liver glycogenesis ...
... Lactic acid produced by anaerobic respiration in muscle is released into the bloodstream and delivered to the liver. LDH converts lactic acid to pyruvic acid. Gluconeogenesis: (“creating new glucose”) Pyruvic acid converted to glucose-6-phosphate: G-6-P can be used either for 7A- liver glycogenesis ...
Biomolecules - Mercer Island School District
... __________________________. An _____ group from one subunit is linked with a ______ on the other subunit, forming _________. The subunits are linked covalently together. ...
... __________________________. An _____ group from one subunit is linked with a ______ on the other subunit, forming _________. The subunits are linked covalently together. ...
Metabolism
... The importance of Anabolism and Catabolism Catabolism Importance • Production of Energy for • Transport of nutrients • Biosynthesis • Other life metabolism ...
... The importance of Anabolism and Catabolism Catabolism Importance • Production of Energy for • Transport of nutrients • Biosynthesis • Other life metabolism ...
Final Exam, Chem 111 2012 Study Guide
... order in A and second order in B, then the rate law is Rate=k[A][B]2). g) Infer reaction orders from rate laws (the reverse of item (e)). h) Deduce rate laws from initial reaction rates. i) Infer rate constants (including units) from rates. 2. Be familiar with reaction rates as they relate to temper ...
... order in A and second order in B, then the rate law is Rate=k[A][B]2). g) Infer reaction orders from rate laws (the reverse of item (e)). h) Deduce rate laws from initial reaction rates. i) Infer rate constants (including units) from rates. 2. Be familiar with reaction rates as they relate to temper ...
Chemical reactions and Enzymes
... changes one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals. A chemical reaction always involves changes in chemical bonds that join atoms in compounds. The elements or compounds that enter into a chemical reaction are called reactants. The elements or compounds produced by a chemical reaction are ca ...
... changes one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals. A chemical reaction always involves changes in chemical bonds that join atoms in compounds. The elements or compounds that enter into a chemical reaction are called reactants. The elements or compounds produced by a chemical reaction are ca ...
full text - pdf 348 kB
... (> or —*) to show the direction of what is in all cases an unsymmetrical link (peptide or glycoside). For consistency and ease of typing as well as economy in printing, the hyphen, representing the peptide bond, should be the standard connecting symbol2. The simple usage by which Gly-Gly-Gly stands ...
... (> or —*) to show the direction of what is in all cases an unsymmetrical link (peptide or glycoside). For consistency and ease of typing as well as economy in printing, the hyphen, representing the peptide bond, should be the standard connecting symbol2. The simple usage by which Gly-Gly-Gly stands ...
Enzymes
... only waste (cellulose, pectins, etc..). • Feces contains some water, dead mucosal cells, bacteria, non-absorbed remains of digestion (inorganic matter and lipid). ...
... only waste (cellulose, pectins, etc..). • Feces contains some water, dead mucosal cells, bacteria, non-absorbed remains of digestion (inorganic matter and lipid). ...
2. Microbial Growth Kinetics
... Its is essential for survival and existence of the organism and reproduction Cells have optimum concentration of all macromolecules (proteins, DNA, RNA etc.) Exponential growth ...
... Its is essential for survival and existence of the organism and reproduction Cells have optimum concentration of all macromolecules (proteins, DNA, RNA etc.) Exponential growth ...
lec-02-transcript
... In 1966, Nirenberg, Khorana and Holly they determined the genetic code. Another major milestone discovery was recombinant DNA technology which was developed in 1972 by Cohen and Boyer. In 1977, the DNA sequencing methods were provided by Sanger, Maxam and Gilbert. Now let’s move to the 1990s. One of ...
... In 1966, Nirenberg, Khorana and Holly they determined the genetic code. Another major milestone discovery was recombinant DNA technology which was developed in 1972 by Cohen and Boyer. In 1977, the DNA sequencing methods were provided by Sanger, Maxam and Gilbert. Now let’s move to the 1990s. One of ...
Answers to Mastering Concepts Questions
... form ionic bonds. Isotopes are atoms that have a different number of neutrons but act in the same manner as the ‘normally’ occurring atoms. 2. How does electronegativity explain whether a covalent bond is polar or nonpolar? Nonpolar covalent bonds form between atoms that have similar electronegativi ...
... form ionic bonds. Isotopes are atoms that have a different number of neutrons but act in the same manner as the ‘normally’ occurring atoms. 2. How does electronegativity explain whether a covalent bond is polar or nonpolar? Nonpolar covalent bonds form between atoms that have similar electronegativi ...
Hans A. Krebs - Nobel Lecture
... cycle, and that these acids are thus intermediates in the complete oxidation of fatty acids25. This has been confirmed by the more recent investigations with enzyme preparations carried out by the school of Lynen, Lipmann, Ochoa, Stem, and Green 26-30 which have demonstrated the details of the pathw ...
... cycle, and that these acids are thus intermediates in the complete oxidation of fatty acids25. This has been confirmed by the more recent investigations with enzyme preparations carried out by the school of Lynen, Lipmann, Ochoa, Stem, and Green 26-30 which have demonstrated the details of the pathw ...
Protein Structure
... •Primary structure: Amino acid sequence of the polypeptide chain •Secondary structure: Formation of regular and stable local patterns, i. e. helices, sheets, turns, etc stabilized by hydrogen bonds •Tertiary structure: 3D-structure of the protein, as a collection of local secondary structures •Quate ...
... •Primary structure: Amino acid sequence of the polypeptide chain •Secondary structure: Formation of regular and stable local patterns, i. e. helices, sheets, turns, etc stabilized by hydrogen bonds •Tertiary structure: 3D-structure of the protein, as a collection of local secondary structures •Quate ...
AS2098
... 3.Appreciate the major control sites in metabolic pathways, the mechanisms for their control and give an accurate and reasoned account of the integration of metabolism. 4.Explain selected disorders of metabolism in terms of molecular abnormalities and their metabolic consequences. Indicative Module ...
... 3.Appreciate the major control sites in metabolic pathways, the mechanisms for their control and give an accurate and reasoned account of the integration of metabolism. 4.Explain selected disorders of metabolism in terms of molecular abnormalities and their metabolic consequences. Indicative Module ...
DNA damage, repair and recombination
... Also known as general, this process involves the exchange of recombination homologous regions between two DNA molecules (during meiosis in diploid eukaryotes) Haploid bacteria perform recombination, for example between the replicated portions of a partially duplicated DNA or between the chromosomal ...
... Also known as general, this process involves the exchange of recombination homologous regions between two DNA molecules (during meiosis in diploid eukaryotes) Haploid bacteria perform recombination, for example between the replicated portions of a partially duplicated DNA or between the chromosomal ...
Stable Isotope and Metabolomics Core Facility
... expression and protein function, in order to guide further integrative systems biology analyses of the underlying mechanisms in diabetes, insulin resistance, obesity, and diabetic complications. The Core objectives includes assessments of plasma, urine and tissue metabolite profiles for diagnosis/ch ...
... expression and protein function, in order to guide further integrative systems biology analyses of the underlying mechanisms in diabetes, insulin resistance, obesity, and diabetic complications. The Core objectives includes assessments of plasma, urine and tissue metabolite profiles for diagnosis/ch ...
Metabolism: Citric acid cycle
... 10. Consider the citric acid cycle steps between α-ketoglutarate and malate. NADH produced inside the mitochondria will yield about 2.5 ATP by way of oxidative phosphorylation, and FADH2 about 1.5 ATP. How many high-energy phosphate bonds (net ATP molecules) can be generated? ...
... 10. Consider the citric acid cycle steps between α-ketoglutarate and malate. NADH produced inside the mitochondria will yield about 2.5 ATP by way of oxidative phosphorylation, and FADH2 about 1.5 ATP. How many high-energy phosphate bonds (net ATP molecules) can be generated? ...
Exam-2 review
... physical properties associated with each. Do fatty acids primarily occur as free fatty acids? - 7. Understand the different effects that SFA's, MUFA's and PUFA's have on LDL and HDL levels in the blood and how this translates into dietary guidelines for increasing or decreasing these in the diet. - ...
... physical properties associated with each. Do fatty acids primarily occur as free fatty acids? - 7. Understand the different effects that SFA's, MUFA's and PUFA's have on LDL and HDL levels in the blood and how this translates into dietary guidelines for increasing or decreasing these in the diet. - ...
الشريحة 1
... Reaction of amino acids 1) Amphoteric character of amino acid Amino acids are amphoteric because it contains both acidic –COOH thus it is present in an inner salt (B) which is , group and basic group –NH2 Zeitter ion called ...
... Reaction of amino acids 1) Amphoteric character of amino acid Amino acids are amphoteric because it contains both acidic –COOH thus it is present in an inner salt (B) which is , group and basic group –NH2 Zeitter ion called ...
الشريحة 1
... Reaction of amino acids 1) Amphoteric character of amino acid Amino acids are amphoteric because it contains both acidic –COOH thus it is present in an inner salt (B) which is , group and basic group –NH2 Zeitter ion called ...
... Reaction of amino acids 1) Amphoteric character of amino acid Amino acids are amphoteric because it contains both acidic –COOH thus it is present in an inner salt (B) which is , group and basic group –NH2 Zeitter ion called ...
Biosynthesis
Biosynthesis (also called biogenesis or anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined together to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides.The prerequisite elements for biosynthesis include: precursor compounds, chemical energy (e.g. ATP), and catalytic enzymes which may require coenzymes (e.g.NADH, NADPH). These elements create monomers, the building blocks for macromolecules. Some important biological macromolecules include: proteins, which are composed of amino acid monomers joined via peptide bonds, and DNA molecules, which are composed of nucleotides joined via phosphodiester bonds.