No Slide Title
... Which of the following is not true regarding the oxidation of the mole of palmitate (16) by the β-oxidation pathway? A. 8 moles of acetyl-CoA are formed B. 1 mole of the ATP is needed C. 8 moles of FADH2 are formed D. The reactions occur in the mitochondria E. AMP and PP are formed A fatty acid wit ...
... Which of the following is not true regarding the oxidation of the mole of palmitate (16) by the β-oxidation pathway? A. 8 moles of acetyl-CoA are formed B. 1 mole of the ATP is needed C. 8 moles of FADH2 are formed D. The reactions occur in the mitochondria E. AMP and PP are formed A fatty acid wit ...
Creation/Evolution - Geoscience Research Institute
... The central dogma states that once “information” has passed into protein it cannot get out again. The transfer of information from nucleic acid to nucleic acid, or from nucleic acid to protein, may be possible, but transfer from protein to protein, or from protein to nucleic acid, is impossible. Inf ...
... The central dogma states that once “information” has passed into protein it cannot get out again. The transfer of information from nucleic acid to nucleic acid, or from nucleic acid to protein, may be possible, but transfer from protein to protein, or from protein to nucleic acid, is impossible. Inf ...
Chapter 6 An Introduction To Metabolism
... Binding of an activator to the allosteric site stabilizes the active conformation of the enzyme Binding of an inhibitor to the allosteric site stabilizes the inactive form of the enzyme (non-competitive) ...
... Binding of an activator to the allosteric site stabilizes the active conformation of the enzyme Binding of an inhibitor to the allosteric site stabilizes the inactive form of the enzyme (non-competitive) ...
The Never-Ending Story—The Origin and Diversification of Life
... amount of energy is available to drive further endergonic reactions. The production of pyruvates, fatty acids, amino acids, and so forth from further carboxylation of acetyl-thiols under realistic hydrothermal conditions makes it entirely plausible that these important macromolecules were once const ...
... amount of energy is available to drive further endergonic reactions. The production of pyruvates, fatty acids, amino acids, and so forth from further carboxylation of acetyl-thiols under realistic hydrothermal conditions makes it entirely plausible that these important macromolecules were once const ...
Transferase-catalyses transfer of a group from one molecule to
... Enzyme activity is highest also at a narrow range of temperature. With ordinary reactions reaction rate increases with temperature. Although reaction rate decreases with decreasing temperature, it is not increased in increasingly higher temperature, because enzymes denature at high temperature. Lik ...
... Enzyme activity is highest also at a narrow range of temperature. With ordinary reactions reaction rate increases with temperature. Although reaction rate decreases with decreasing temperature, it is not increased in increasingly higher temperature, because enzymes denature at high temperature. Lik ...
Lecture 4 Enzymes Catalytic proteins Enzymes Enzymes Enzymes
... Types of Enzymes • ATPases - hydrolyse ATP. Many proteins with a wide range of roles have an energy-harnessing ATPase activity as part of their function, for example, motor proteins such as myosin and membrane transport proteins such as the sodium–potassium pump. • Kinases - catalyze the addition ...
... Types of Enzymes • ATPases - hydrolyse ATP. Many proteins with a wide range of roles have an energy-harnessing ATPase activity as part of their function, for example, motor proteins such as myosin and membrane transport proteins such as the sodium–potassium pump. • Kinases - catalyze the addition ...
Proteins - virtual laboratories
... general conservation of the genetic code among organisms is seen as strong evidence that all organisms (even the ones with minor variations in their genetic codes) are derived from a single common ancestor. It appears that the genetic code is a homologous trait between organisms. An important featu ...
... general conservation of the genetic code among organisms is seen as strong evidence that all organisms (even the ones with minor variations in their genetic codes) are derived from a single common ancestor. It appears that the genetic code is a homologous trait between organisms. An important featu ...
biologi eksam quetion summary
... Fatty acids; Long hydrocarbon chains with a Carboxyl group attached at one end. Component of most lipids Fats= triacylglucerals: Storage of fatty acids and energy. 3 fatty acids attached to 1 glycerol molecule. Phospholipids Glycerol phospholipids; 2 fatty acids attached to glycerol+ phosphate gro ...
... Fatty acids; Long hydrocarbon chains with a Carboxyl group attached at one end. Component of most lipids Fats= triacylglucerals: Storage of fatty acids and energy. 3 fatty acids attached to 1 glycerol molecule. Phospholipids Glycerol phospholipids; 2 fatty acids attached to glycerol+ phosphate gro ...
Metabolic Pathways - University of California, Santa Barbara
... 10. Stage 4 of catabolism is _________________________ in which 1 molecule of NADH produces ___________ molecules of ATP and 1 molecule of FADH2 produces ____________ molecules of ATP. Therefore for each molecule of acetyl CoA that enters the citric acid cycle ____________ molecules of ATP are produ ...
... 10. Stage 4 of catabolism is _________________________ in which 1 molecule of NADH produces ___________ molecules of ATP and 1 molecule of FADH2 produces ____________ molecules of ATP. Therefore for each molecule of acetyl CoA that enters the citric acid cycle ____________ molecules of ATP are produ ...
Ch 16.4 Enzymes and rest
... Anabolic reactions Synthesis of complex substances from simple building blocks (growth, repair) a) Amino Acids Polypeptides Proteins b) Monosaccharides → Disacchar.→Polysacch. c) FA+ Glycerol → Lipid Catabolic reactions Breakdown of complex substance into building blocks (digestion, removal of ...
... Anabolic reactions Synthesis of complex substances from simple building blocks (growth, repair) a) Amino Acids Polypeptides Proteins b) Monosaccharides → Disacchar.→Polysacch. c) FA+ Glycerol → Lipid Catabolic reactions Breakdown of complex substance into building blocks (digestion, removal of ...
3.1 Life`s molecular diversity is based on the
... – Carbonyl group—a carbon linked by a double bond to an oxygen atom – Carboxyl group—consists of a carbon double-bonded to both an oxygen and a hydroxyl group – Amino group—composed of a nitrogen bonded to two hydrogen atoms and the carbon skeleton ...
... – Carbonyl group—a carbon linked by a double bond to an oxygen atom – Carboxyl group—consists of a carbon double-bonded to both an oxygen and a hydroxyl group – Amino group—composed of a nitrogen bonded to two hydrogen atoms and the carbon skeleton ...
Fructose 6
... radicals from a cell and name their cofactor. c) why a defect of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in the red blood cell might lead to loss of membrane integrity. d) relationships between components of antioxidant cascade including the reactions involved ...
... radicals from a cell and name their cofactor. c) why a defect of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in the red blood cell might lead to loss of membrane integrity. d) relationships between components of antioxidant cascade including the reactions involved ...
Metabolism - Websupport1
... In beta oxidation long chain of fatty acids are broken down into fragments of two carbons. Say we have a fatty acid chain that is 18 carbon long. During beta oxidation fragments of two carbon will be removed from the chain of fatty acid. So after the first round of reaction (as shown in the figure) ...
... In beta oxidation long chain of fatty acids are broken down into fragments of two carbons. Say we have a fatty acid chain that is 18 carbon long. During beta oxidation fragments of two carbon will be removed from the chain of fatty acid. So after the first round of reaction (as shown in the figure) ...
circular paper chromatography 95 - Journal of the Indian Institute of
... " descending" techniques. A new technique eliminating th~ limitation of this method was developed and briefly described before by Giri and Rao (1952). Further details of this technique are described below. A small circle of about 4 cm. diameter wa, drawn with a pencil from the centre of a circuIrrr ...
... " descending" techniques. A new technique eliminating th~ limitation of this method was developed and briefly described before by Giri and Rao (1952). Further details of this technique are described below. A small circle of about 4 cm. diameter wa, drawn with a pencil from the centre of a circuIrrr ...
1st Sem (unit I)
... a) Amino acids with non polar side chains:Each of these has a non polar side chain and does not bind or give off protons or participate in H-bonding. Their side chains are hydrophobic and generally fill up the interior of the folded protein . They are 9 and include glycine, alanine , valine, leucine ...
... a) Amino acids with non polar side chains:Each of these has a non polar side chain and does not bind or give off protons or participate in H-bonding. Their side chains are hydrophobic and generally fill up the interior of the folded protein . They are 9 and include glycine, alanine , valine, leucine ...
B3. Enzymes - IGCSEBiology-Dnl
... amount of energy required for chemical reaction to occur (activation energy) this allows biochemical reactions to take place at a faster rate in the cells of living organisms at body temperature which is usually low enzymes catalyse metabolic reactions (i.e. chemical reactions that sustain life) ...
... amount of energy required for chemical reaction to occur (activation energy) this allows biochemical reactions to take place at a faster rate in the cells of living organisms at body temperature which is usually low enzymes catalyse metabolic reactions (i.e. chemical reactions that sustain life) ...
Ch 6 Metabolism_ Energy and Enzymes
... chemical reactions inside the cytoplasm. They are needed only in small amounts They remain unchanged after each reaction and can therefore be reused Each enzyme is specific for a substrate ...
... chemical reactions inside the cytoplasm. They are needed only in small amounts They remain unchanged after each reaction and can therefore be reused Each enzyme is specific for a substrate ...
c - SchoolRack
... The structure of phospholipids – Results in a bilayer arrangement found in cell membranes. They will spontaneously form into this structure when placed in water. • This happens because water is excluded from the hydrophobic regions and attracted to the hydrophilic. ...
... The structure of phospholipids – Results in a bilayer arrangement found in cell membranes. They will spontaneously form into this structure when placed in water. • This happens because water is excluded from the hydrophobic regions and attracted to the hydrophilic. ...
PDF
... sensitivity and selectivity when combined with postcolumn labeling techniques for amino acid analysis; however, the chromatography process of that method takes 200 minutes (13). The procedure developed in this study included the preparation of samples for 40 min, a complete separation of 20 amino a ...
... sensitivity and selectivity when combined with postcolumn labeling techniques for amino acid analysis; however, the chromatography process of that method takes 200 minutes (13). The procedure developed in this study included the preparation of samples for 40 min, a complete separation of 20 amino a ...
University of Groningen The influence of peptide structure on
... Each protein has a unique amino acid sequence, the primary structure, determined by genes. Proteins have also a well–defined three–dimensional structure. The functionality of proteins originates from this secondary structure, specified by the amino acid sequence. Proteins tend to form many hydrogen ...
... Each protein has a unique amino acid sequence, the primary structure, determined by genes. Proteins have also a well–defined three–dimensional structure. The functionality of proteins originates from this secondary structure, specified by the amino acid sequence. Proteins tend to form many hydrogen ...
Lh6Ch04aProt
... geometry of the -carbon create a pleated sheetlike structure • Sheet-like arrangement of backbone is held together by hydrogen bonds between the backbone amides in different strands • Side chains protrude from the sheet alternating in up and down direction ...
... geometry of the -carbon create a pleated sheetlike structure • Sheet-like arrangement of backbone is held together by hydrogen bonds between the backbone amides in different strands • Side chains protrude from the sheet alternating in up and down direction ...
Ribosome locations
... waste materials and cellular debris. They can be described as the stomach of the cell. They are found in animal cells, while their existence in yeasts and plants is disputed. Some biologists say the same roles are performed by lytic vacuoles,[1] while others suggest there is strong evidence that lys ...
... waste materials and cellular debris. They can be described as the stomach of the cell. They are found in animal cells, while their existence in yeasts and plants is disputed. Some biologists say the same roles are performed by lytic vacuoles,[1] while others suggest there is strong evidence that lys ...
Measurement of Enzymes and Their Clinical Significance
... • IUB standardized these as international units (IU) – IU: the amount of enzyme that will convert one micromole of substrate per minute in an assay system – Expressed as units per liter or U/L – Conditions: pH, temperature, substrate,activators ...
... • IUB standardized these as international units (IU) – IU: the amount of enzyme that will convert one micromole of substrate per minute in an assay system – Expressed as units per liter or U/L – Conditions: pH, temperature, substrate,activators ...
Biosynthesis
Biosynthesis (also called biogenesis or anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined together to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides.The prerequisite elements for biosynthesis include: precursor compounds, chemical energy (e.g. ATP), and catalytic enzymes which may require coenzymes (e.g.NADH, NADPH). These elements create monomers, the building blocks for macromolecules. Some important biological macromolecules include: proteins, which are composed of amino acid monomers joined via peptide bonds, and DNA molecules, which are composed of nucleotides joined via phosphodiester bonds.