Sulfonates: novel electron acceptors in
... (2.5 mM; a growth-limiting amount), equimolar concentrations of two electron acceptors (35S-sulfate and unlabeled isethionate) were added; the OD of the culture increased after a short lag, and 35S-sulfate disappeared from the growth medium (Fig. 2). However, when cells grew with isethionate (2.5 mM ...
... (2.5 mM; a growth-limiting amount), equimolar concentrations of two electron acceptors (35S-sulfate and unlabeled isethionate) were added; the OD of the culture increased after a short lag, and 35S-sulfate disappeared from the growth medium (Fig. 2). However, when cells grew with isethionate (2.5 mM ...
Novel Riboswitch Ligand Analogs as Selective Inhibitors of Guanine
... Riboswitches are regulatory elements modulating gene expression in response to specific metabolite binding. It has been recently reported that riboswitch agonists may exhibit antimicrobial properties by binding to the riboswitch domain. Guanine riboswitches are involved in the regulation of transpor ...
... Riboswitches are regulatory elements modulating gene expression in response to specific metabolite binding. It has been recently reported that riboswitch agonists may exhibit antimicrobial properties by binding to the riboswitch domain. Guanine riboswitches are involved in the regulation of transpor ...
Three-Dimensional Algebraic Models of the tRNA Code and 12
... (H-tRNA-C). The tRNA code that is considered to be Standard comprises 46 tRNAs, due to the absence of triplets with the base A in the 5’ position and of the tRNAs corresponding to the stop codons; the initiator tRNA is added to the elongation set of 45 [16]. Wobbling anticodons recognize more than o ...
... (H-tRNA-C). The tRNA code that is considered to be Standard comprises 46 tRNAs, due to the absence of triplets with the base A in the 5’ position and of the tRNAs corresponding to the stop codons; the initiator tRNA is added to the elongation set of 45 [16]. Wobbling anticodons recognize more than o ...
a30 Study Questions for the Whole Course
... 5. Describe the differences in strength and composition of covalent, ionic, and hydrogen bonds. 6. What are the properties of water that make it especially suitable for biological life? What is the fundamental principle underlying most of the properties of water? 7. What is the relationship between ...
... 5. Describe the differences in strength and composition of covalent, ionic, and hydrogen bonds. 6. What are the properties of water that make it especially suitable for biological life? What is the fundamental principle underlying most of the properties of water? 7. What is the relationship between ...
The Amino Acid Sequences of Cytochrome c from Four Plant Sources
... Proposed amino acid sequences of cytochrome c from nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.), box-elder (Acer negundo L.), elder (Sambucus nigra L.) and parsnip (Pastinaca sativa L.) are presented. Because of the very limited amounts of cytochrome available from some plant sources, peptides derived from the ...
... Proposed amino acid sequences of cytochrome c from nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.), box-elder (Acer negundo L.), elder (Sambucus nigra L.) and parsnip (Pastinaca sativa L.) are presented. Because of the very limited amounts of cytochrome available from some plant sources, peptides derived from the ...
University of Groningen Operation of the purine nucleotide cycle in
... Embden et ad. (1928) demonstrated that ammonia production in homogenates of frog and rabbit muscle is not increased by addition of exogenous urea, but strongly stimulated upon addition of AMP, suggesting AMP to be the ammoniogenic substrate. Embden & Wassermeyer (1928) showed that the muscle extract ...
... Embden et ad. (1928) demonstrated that ammonia production in homogenates of frog and rabbit muscle is not increased by addition of exogenous urea, but strongly stimulated upon addition of AMP, suggesting AMP to be the ammoniogenic substrate. Embden & Wassermeyer (1928) showed that the muscle extract ...
The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of
... thromboxane A2, or via the LOX pathway to produce hydroperoxy-eicosatetraenoic acids and leukotrienes [22]. The LOX pathway is active in leucocytes and many immune-competent cells including mast cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes and basophils. Upon cell activation, arachidonic acid is cleav ...
... thromboxane A2, or via the LOX pathway to produce hydroperoxy-eicosatetraenoic acids and leukotrienes [22]. The LOX pathway is active in leucocytes and many immune-competent cells including mast cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes and basophils. Upon cell activation, arachidonic acid is cleav ...
Comparing Kernels For Predicting Protein Binding Sites From Amino
... Kernel methods have been widely applied in computational biology, and many kernel functions have been specifically designed for biological data [Schölkopf et al., 2003], [Vert, 2005]. Several authors have explored the use of support vector machines for secondary structure prediction [Hua and Sun, 2 ...
... Kernel methods have been widely applied in computational biology, and many kernel functions have been specifically designed for biological data [Schölkopf et al., 2003], [Vert, 2005]. Several authors have explored the use of support vector machines for secondary structure prediction [Hua and Sun, 2 ...
anatomy (phl 281)(2 + 1) - KSU Faculty Member websites
... - The tricarboxylic acid cycle. - Structure and compartmentation of mitochondrial membranes. - Mitochondrial transport systems. - Components of mitochondrial electron transport chain. - Inhibition of mitochondrial electron transport. - Microsomal electron transport. - Oxidative phosphorylation. - Cl ...
... - The tricarboxylic acid cycle. - Structure and compartmentation of mitochondrial membranes. - Mitochondrial transport systems. - Components of mitochondrial electron transport chain. - Inhibition of mitochondrial electron transport. - Microsomal electron transport. - Oxidative phosphorylation. - Cl ...
Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and NADH oxidase
... Determination of AChE inhibitory activity The methanol extract of plant was examined for AChE inhibitory activities at concentration of 250 mg/l and were dissolved in a base-tris (0.05 M) buffer, following the spectrophotometric method developed by Ellman et al. (1961). In this method, to a 1 cm pat ...
... Determination of AChE inhibitory activity The methanol extract of plant was examined for AChE inhibitory activities at concentration of 250 mg/l and were dissolved in a base-tris (0.05 M) buffer, following the spectrophotometric method developed by Ellman et al. (1961). In this method, to a 1 cm pat ...
1 - Universitas Brawijaya
... together to form a “single” functional protein Functional proteins also might incorporate minerals or other nonprotein components ...
... together to form a “single” functional protein Functional proteins also might incorporate minerals or other nonprotein components ...
Characterization of Phosphorus Forms in Soil Microorganisms
... availability by removing inorganic P from the soil solution, especially when soluble carbon is available for microbial growth (B€ unemann et al. 2004a; Olander and Vitousek 2004). In the absence of recent carbon inputs, gross organic P mineralization rates of between 1.4 and 2.5 mg P kg1 day1 have ...
... availability by removing inorganic P from the soil solution, especially when soluble carbon is available for microbial growth (B€ unemann et al. 2004a; Olander and Vitousek 2004). In the absence of recent carbon inputs, gross organic P mineralization rates of between 1.4 and 2.5 mg P kg1 day1 have ...
Introduction to Carbohydrates
... Steroids with 8–10 carbon atoms in the side chain at C17 and a hydroxyl group at C-3 are classified as sterols. Cholesterol is the major sterol in animal tissues. [Note: Plant sterols, such as β-sitosterol are poorly absorbed by humans. After entering the enterocytes, they are actively transported b ...
... Steroids with 8–10 carbon atoms in the side chain at C17 and a hydroxyl group at C-3 are classified as sterols. Cholesterol is the major sterol in animal tissues. [Note: Plant sterols, such as β-sitosterol are poorly absorbed by humans. After entering the enterocytes, they are actively transported b ...
Systematic metabolic analysis of recombinant Pichia pastoris UNIVERSITAT AUTÒNOMA DE BARCELONA
... Nutrients are transported through the cell membrane using different mechanism in order to be available to be catabolised. Once there are inside, these nutrients are the precursors to generate all the energy and reducing power to synthesize all the cell components required. The metabolic pathways ens ...
... Nutrients are transported through the cell membrane using different mechanism in order to be available to be catabolised. Once there are inside, these nutrients are the precursors to generate all the energy and reducing power to synthesize all the cell components required. The metabolic pathways ens ...
Chemistry of Life chapt02
... Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. ...
... Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. ...
Enzymes
... enzyme protein is called a prosthetic group. A complete, catalytically active enzyme together with its bound coenzyme and/or metal ions is called a holoenzyme. The protein part of such an enzyme is called the apoenzyme or apoprotein. Coenzymes function as transient carriers of specific functional gr ...
... enzyme protein is called a prosthetic group. A complete, catalytically active enzyme together with its bound coenzyme and/or metal ions is called a holoenzyme. The protein part of such an enzyme is called the apoenzyme or apoprotein. Coenzymes function as transient carriers of specific functional gr ...
Biology and Fertility of Soils
... interactions of these bacteria with plants. Synthesis, genetics, biochemistry, and functions of these vitamins in other organisms are only briefly mentioned and are accompanied by the related references. This specific review is intended to highlight points that need to be addressed by future researc ...
... interactions of these bacteria with plants. Synthesis, genetics, biochemistry, and functions of these vitamins in other organisms are only briefly mentioned and are accompanied by the related references. This specific review is intended to highlight points that need to be addressed by future researc ...
NMR IN DRUG DISCOVERY. FROM SCREENING TO STRUCTURE-BASED DESIGN OF
... which becomes activated upon binding and autocatalytic pro-peptide cleavage. In certain cells, (Type I cells) caspase-8 activation is strong enough to be followed by procaspase-3 processing, activation, death signal amplification and execution. For the rest of the cells -type II- however, an alterna ...
... which becomes activated upon binding and autocatalytic pro-peptide cleavage. In certain cells, (Type I cells) caspase-8 activation is strong enough to be followed by procaspase-3 processing, activation, death signal amplification and execution. For the rest of the cells -type II- however, an alterna ...
Product Information Sheet - Sigma
... the conversion (activation) of prothrombin to α-thrombin. Activation of prothrombin by ecarin differs significantly from that of Factor Xa. It cleaves only a single arginyl-isoleucyl bond that links the thrombin A and B chains in the prothrombin and forms a meizothrombin that consists of two polypep ...
... the conversion (activation) of prothrombin to α-thrombin. Activation of prothrombin by ecarin differs significantly from that of Factor Xa. It cleaves only a single arginyl-isoleucyl bond that links the thrombin A and B chains in the prothrombin and forms a meizothrombin that consists of two polypep ...
SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL ANTIMICROBIAL DERIVATIVES OF 3-SUBSTITUTED PYRROLIDINE2,
... The docking process was carried out to analyze the possible interaction between newly synthesized compounds and the selected cavity of DNA gyrase enzyme. The high-resolution (2.30 Ao) X-ray structure of DNA gyrase complexed with pyrazolthiazole (PDBid code 3G75) was imported into Vlife 3.5 MDS, and ...
... The docking process was carried out to analyze the possible interaction between newly synthesized compounds and the selected cavity of DNA gyrase enzyme. The high-resolution (2.30 Ao) X-ray structure of DNA gyrase complexed with pyrazolthiazole (PDBid code 3G75) was imported into Vlife 3.5 MDS, and ...
Euglena gracilis Rhodoquinone:Ubiquinone Ratio and
... ** To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 49-211-8113011; Fax: 49-211-811-3554; E-mail: [email protected]. ...
... ** To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 49-211-8113011; Fax: 49-211-811-3554; E-mail: [email protected]. ...
4a How to ID and Unk organism
... Inoculate 2 TSA slants by using a needle. Obtain the inoculum and place the needle in the TSA slant toward the bottom, and pull a straight line upwards on the surface of the slant. One of these slants will be labeled “working stock”. The working stock tube is the one used to obtain inoculums for oth ...
... Inoculate 2 TSA slants by using a needle. Obtain the inoculum and place the needle in the TSA slant toward the bottom, and pull a straight line upwards on the surface of the slant. One of these slants will be labeled “working stock”. The working stock tube is the one used to obtain inoculums for oth ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.