ENZYME
... only hydrolyze the cellulose in their diets to certain extent. they are known as incomplete cellulases. These cellulases unable to digest cellulose exhaustively can still generate sufficient amount of glucose for their producers. Endogenous cellulases of termites belong to this category. ...
... only hydrolyze the cellulose in their diets to certain extent. they are known as incomplete cellulases. These cellulases unable to digest cellulose exhaustively can still generate sufficient amount of glucose for their producers. Endogenous cellulases of termites belong to this category. ...
Lecture 2 Slides
... • Ionic bonds (usually between charged amino acid side chains at cellular pH 7.0) (Fig. 4-4) (eg. Lys-NH3 + and Asp-COO-) • Hydrogen bonds between R groups (remember uncharged polar amino acids can H-bond!!! –Ser-OH, Thr-OH and Tyr-OH with for example Glu=O or Gln=O) • Covalent bonds (disulfide bond ...
... • Ionic bonds (usually between charged amino acid side chains at cellular pH 7.0) (Fig. 4-4) (eg. Lys-NH3 + and Asp-COO-) • Hydrogen bonds between R groups (remember uncharged polar amino acids can H-bond!!! –Ser-OH, Thr-OH and Tyr-OH with for example Glu=O or Gln=O) • Covalent bonds (disulfide bond ...
LessonPlansInc.com
... first table (glycolysis) is the cytosol and the other two tables are inside of a mitochondria. 3rd Then ask the volunteer how he can get the glucose molecule inside the cell? “carrier proteins” Then the students walks up to the glycolysis table with their glucose. Then ask the student what happens t ...
... first table (glycolysis) is the cytosol and the other two tables are inside of a mitochondria. 3rd Then ask the volunteer how he can get the glucose molecule inside the cell? “carrier proteins” Then the students walks up to the glycolysis table with their glucose. Then ask the student what happens t ...
Nine essential amino acids
... protein chains, each with a different order coded by our genetic code. These chains interact and fold into specific three dimensional shapes to give specialised functionality. Proteins play both a structural and functional role in every body cell, which makes protein the most abundant component in t ...
... protein chains, each with a different order coded by our genetic code. These chains interact and fold into specific three dimensional shapes to give specialised functionality. Proteins play both a structural and functional role in every body cell, which makes protein the most abundant component in t ...
E. coli - De Anza College
... • Made of chains of flagellin • Attached to a protein hook • Anchored to the wall and membrane by the basal body ...
... • Made of chains of flagellin • Attached to a protein hook • Anchored to the wall and membrane by the basal body ...
Chapter 3 - Evangel University
... • ____________ : the name given to a short polymer of amino acids joined by peptide bonds; they are classified by the number of amino acids in the chain • ____________ : a molecule containing two amino acids joined by a peptide bond • ____________ : a molecule containing three amino acids joined by ...
... • ____________ : the name given to a short polymer of amino acids joined by peptide bonds; they are classified by the number of amino acids in the chain • ____________ : a molecule containing two amino acids joined by a peptide bond • ____________ : a molecule containing three amino acids joined by ...
Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis
... enters the cytoplasm and meets up with a ribosome • Ribosomes bind to mRNA and tRNA • Amino acids floating in the cytoplasm are brought to the ribosome by tRNA ...
... enters the cytoplasm and meets up with a ribosome • Ribosomes bind to mRNA and tRNA • Amino acids floating in the cytoplasm are brought to the ribosome by tRNA ...
Student notes in ppt
... Glucokinase (hexokinase IV) catalyzes reaction 1 in the glycolytic pathway in liver and pancreas cells when blood glucose levels are high. Unlike hexokinase I, glucokinase as a very low affinity for glucose and is not inhibited by glucose6P. Therefore after a meal, the liver accumulates glucose for ...
... Glucokinase (hexokinase IV) catalyzes reaction 1 in the glycolytic pathway in liver and pancreas cells when blood glucose levels are high. Unlike hexokinase I, glucokinase as a very low affinity for glucose and is not inhibited by glucose6P. Therefore after a meal, the liver accumulates glucose for ...
Exam 4 key fall 2010
... FADH2 binds downstream of NADH in the electron transport chain and, therefore, creates a smaller proton gradient. ...
... FADH2 binds downstream of NADH in the electron transport chain and, therefore, creates a smaller proton gradient. ...
Lecture 9
... Oxidation number is a property of a single atom. We cannot define the oxidation number for a molecule or a polyatomic ion. The sum of oxidation numbers of the atoms in a polyatomic ion or molecule can be calculated. This is not the oxidation number of the molecule or ion. Polyatomic ions have an ov ...
... Oxidation number is a property of a single atom. We cannot define the oxidation number for a molecule or a polyatomic ion. The sum of oxidation numbers of the atoms in a polyatomic ion or molecule can be calculated. This is not the oxidation number of the molecule or ion. Polyatomic ions have an ov ...
Ch16
... is inhibited, the CAC slows or stops. Why? This is easy to think about, without electron transport taking electrons from NADH and FADH2 the concentration of these cofactors increases with the decrease of NAD+ and FAD (without which the CAC cannot function). High [NADH] inhibits reactions leading int ...
... is inhibited, the CAC slows or stops. Why? This is easy to think about, without electron transport taking electrons from NADH and FADH2 the concentration of these cofactors increases with the decrease of NAD+ and FAD (without which the CAC cannot function). High [NADH] inhibits reactions leading int ...
Respiration Power Point
... • The taxi cab loses its e- and is now available to pick up more electrons. If all the taxi cabs are full, the reaction would ...
... • The taxi cab loses its e- and is now available to pick up more electrons. If all the taxi cabs are full, the reaction would ...
7 | cellular respiration
... First Half of Glycolysis (Energy-Requiring Steps) Step 1. The first step in glycolysis (Figure 7.6) is catalyzed by hexokinase, an enzyme with broad specificity that catalyzes the phosphorylation of six-carbon sugars. Hexokinase phosphorylates glucose using ATP as the source of the phosphate, produc ...
... First Half of Glycolysis (Energy-Requiring Steps) Step 1. The first step in glycolysis (Figure 7.6) is catalyzed by hexokinase, an enzyme with broad specificity that catalyzes the phosphorylation of six-carbon sugars. Hexokinase phosphorylates glucose using ATP as the source of the phosphate, produc ...
Mrs C`s Chem Lecture
... “cross-linking” helps stabilize protein structure. Cysteine Cysteine is an important sulfur-containing amino acid. ...
... “cross-linking” helps stabilize protein structure. Cysteine Cysteine is an important sulfur-containing amino acid. ...
This exam has 8 pages, including this one.
... a) at pH values within one pH unit of its pKa. b) at pH values within two pH units of its pKa c) at pH values within three pH units of its pKa. d) at any pH value. 3. If the φ and ψ angles of each peptide unit in a protein are both known, the following will also be determined: a) complete secondary ...
... a) at pH values within one pH unit of its pKa. b) at pH values within two pH units of its pKa c) at pH values within three pH units of its pKa. d) at any pH value. 3. If the φ and ψ angles of each peptide unit in a protein are both known, the following will also be determined: a) complete secondary ...
Glycolysis
... • Liver rich in arginase: Arginine + H2O ornithine + urea • Might be part of a general urea-synthesizing mechanism. • More arginase present in the liver than needed for degradation of arginine. • The principle of evolution. ...
... • Liver rich in arginase: Arginine + H2O ornithine + urea • Might be part of a general urea-synthesizing mechanism. • More arginase present in the liver than needed for degradation of arginine. • The principle of evolution. ...
Energy Systems
... exercise. Anaerobic Glycolysis refers to the breakdown of glucose (glycolysis) to pyruvate, which in the absence of O2, is converted to lactic acid. In muscle fibers, glucose is made available through the breakdown of muscle glycogen stores. Anaerobic glycolysis is not limited by the availability of ...
... exercise. Anaerobic Glycolysis refers to the breakdown of glucose (glycolysis) to pyruvate, which in the absence of O2, is converted to lactic acid. In muscle fibers, glucose is made available through the breakdown of muscle glycogen stores. Anaerobic glycolysis is not limited by the availability of ...
Translation
... 1. Use Figure 22.3 to determine which template strand DNA sequence (written in the 5' → 3' direction) specifies the tripeptide with the sequence gly-ala-leu. A) GGGGCTCTC B) CTCTCGGGG C) CCCCGAGAG D) GAGAGCCCC 2. Which is not true about the genetic code? A) Some amino acids share the same codon. B) ...
... 1. Use Figure 22.3 to determine which template strand DNA sequence (written in the 5' → 3' direction) specifies the tripeptide with the sequence gly-ala-leu. A) GGGGCTCTC B) CTCTCGGGG C) CCCCGAGAG D) GAGAGCCCC 2. Which is not true about the genetic code? A) Some amino acids share the same codon. B) ...
4.4.1 Respiration
... from one cell to another (although companion cells in phloem tissue do transport ATP to the phloem sieve tube elements). ...
... from one cell to another (although companion cells in phloem tissue do transport ATP to the phloem sieve tube elements). ...
SBT-production - Webarchiv ETHZ / Webarchive ETH
... For SBT-production, a viable organism is required: Side reactions may be essential for growth! Genes cannot be deleted as required since SBT path is part of the central carbon metabolism. Key question: To which extent can the production pathway be isolated from the rest of the metabolic network for ...
... For SBT-production, a viable organism is required: Side reactions may be essential for growth! Genes cannot be deleted as required since SBT path is part of the central carbon metabolism. Key question: To which extent can the production pathway be isolated from the rest of the metabolic network for ...
File
... B. Carbon atoms are removed from the acyl chain one at a time. C. Before oxidation, fatty acids must be converted to their CoA derivatives. D. NADP+ is the electron acceptor. Carnitine is: A. One of the amino acids commonly found in protein. B. Present only in carnivorous animals. C. Essential for i ...
... B. Carbon atoms are removed from the acyl chain one at a time. C. Before oxidation, fatty acids must be converted to their CoA derivatives. D. NADP+ is the electron acceptor. Carnitine is: A. One of the amino acids commonly found in protein. B. Present only in carnivorous animals. C. Essential for i ...
FACTORS AFFECTING ENZYME ACTION
... • 3-D structure - the amino acid sequence causes bonds to form and the polypeptide to fold into a 3D shape. • The 3D shape causes the enzyme to form an active site - this is a “hole” that forms and is able to bind onto other molecules by forming temporary bonds between them. • The molecule that the ...
... • 3-D structure - the amino acid sequence causes bonds to form and the polypeptide to fold into a 3D shape. • The 3D shape causes the enzyme to form an active site - this is a “hole” that forms and is able to bind onto other molecules by forming temporary bonds between them. • The molecule that the ...
Bio 1 Unit 1 Answers
... bonds carbon can form. _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ Answer: A carbon at ...
... bonds carbon can form. _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ Answer: A carbon at ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.