• Study Resource
  • Explore
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Point-free geometry, Approximate Distances and Verisimilitude of
Point-free geometry, Approximate Distances and Verisimilitude of

Propositional Logic
Propositional Logic

Propositional Logic: Why? soning Starts with George Boole around 1850
Propositional Logic: Why? soning Starts with George Boole around 1850

A constructive approach to nonstandard analysis*
A constructive approach to nonstandard analysis*

... shown that it has a full transfer principle relative to the standard model. It remains to see whether it holds also for higher type arithmetic. To give a quick but incomplete picture of the basic idea in Schmieden and Laugwitz’ paper, we could say that they work with the reduced power of the reals, ...
Lecture 9 Notes
Lecture 9 Notes

A logical basis for quantum evolution and entanglement
A logical basis for quantum evolution and entanglement

F - Teaching-WIKI
F - Teaching-WIKI

Restricted notions of provability by induction
Restricted notions of provability by induction

A Paedagogic Example of Cut-Elimination
A Paedagogic Example of Cut-Elimination

... have transitivity in the form of our cut rule trans. We do not need antisymmetry, since we are not dealing with equality, but of course, if LI is complete, we can invent a new calculus proving equalities in lattices by adding a new rule X ≤ Y Y ≤ X equ X=Y ...
Completeness through Flatness in Two
Completeness through Flatness in Two

Discrete Mathematics - Lyle School of Engineering
Discrete Mathematics - Lyle School of Engineering

CHAPTER 8 Hilbert Proof Systems, Formal Proofs, Deduction
CHAPTER 8 Hilbert Proof Systems, Formal Proofs, Deduction

... to denote that a formula A has a formal proof in H2 (from the set of logical axioms A1, A2, A3). We write Γ `H2 A to denote that a formula A has a formal proof in H2 from a set of formulas Γ (and the set of logical axioms A1, A2, A3). Observe that system H2 was obtained by adding axiom A3 to the sy ...
T - STI Innsbruck
T - STI Innsbruck

T - STI Innsbruck
T - STI Innsbruck

... conclusions) from statements that are assumed to be true (called premises) • Natural language is not precise, so the careless use of logic can lead to claims that false statements are true, or to claims that a statement is true, even tough its truth does not necessarily follow from the premises => L ...
02_Artificial_Intelligence-PropositionalLogic
02_Artificial_Intelligence-PropositionalLogic

... conclusions) from statements that are assumed to be true (called premises) • Natural language is not precise, so the careless use of logic can lead to claims that false statements are true, or to claims that a statement is true, even though its truth does not necessarily follow from the premises => ...
F - Teaching-WIKI
F - Teaching-WIKI

... conclusions) from statements that are assumed to be true (called premises) • Natural language is not precise, so the careless use of logic can lead to claims that false statements are true, or to claims that a statement is true, even tough its truth does not necessarily follow from the premises => L ...
Understanding Intuitionism - the Princeton University Mathematics
Understanding Intuitionism - the Princeton University Mathematics

... In short, the classical and intuitionistic semantics are identical on classical formulas. Let us remark that for any closed formula C, classical or not, c rz C is expressed, in the metalanguage, with only the classical logical constants and , for all, implies. Consequently, the classical and intuiti ...
The equational theory of N, 0, 1, +, ×, ↑   is decidable, but not finitely
The equational theory of N, 0, 1, +, ×, ↑ is decidable, but not finitely

A Recursively Axiomatizable Subsystem of Levesque`s Logic of Only
A Recursively Axiomatizable Subsystem of Levesque`s Logic of Only

Identity in modal logic theorem proving
Identity in modal logic theorem proving

... metatheory, we use it to formulate the validity-conditions of the semantic metalanguage. To apply this semantic method, one starts with some basic semantic notion in terms of which the notion of validity is defined. One translates the object language sentence into one which characterizes it in terms ...
Scharp on Replacing Truth
Scharp on Replacing Truth

... Leibniz’s law we can infer that L is true if and only if it isn’t. If we furthermore assume the classical laws of logic we can derive from this any conclusion we like. Something has clearly gone wrong somewhere. But saying where it went wrong is only half the problem. It is surely also important tha ...
PDF
PDF

Godel`s Proof
Godel`s Proof

Implicative Formulae in the Vroofs as Computations” Analogy
Implicative Formulae in the Vroofs as Computations” Analogy

Proofs 1 What is a Proof?
Proofs 1 What is a Proof?

< 1 ... 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 ... 39 >

Axiom

An axiom or postulate is a premise or starting point of reasoning. As classically conceived, an axiom is a premise so evident as to be accepted as true without controversy.The word comes from the Greek axíōma (ἀξίωμα) 'that which is thought worthy or fit' or 'that which commends itself as evident.' As used in modern logic, an axiom is simply a premise or starting point for reasoning. What it means for an axiom, or any mathematical statement, to be ""true"" is a central question in the philosophy of mathematics, with modern mathematicians holding a multitude of different opinions.In mathematics, the term axiom is used in two related but distinguishable senses: ""logical axioms"" and ""non-logical axioms"". Logical axioms are usually statements that are taken to be true within the system of logic they define (e.g., (A and B) implies A), while non-logical axioms (e.g., a + b = b + a) are actually substantive assertions about the elements of the domain of a specific mathematical theory (such as arithmetic). When used in the latter sense, ""axiom,"" ""postulate"", and ""assumption"" may be used interchangeably. In general, a non-logical axiom is not a self-evident truth, but rather a formal logical expression used in deduction to build a mathematical theory. As modern mathematics admits multiple, equally ""true"" systems of logic, precisely the same thing must be said for logical axioms - they both define and are specific to the particular system of logic that is being invoked. To axiomatize a system of knowledge is to show that its claims can be derived from a small, well-understood set of sentences (the axioms). There are typically multiple ways to axiomatize a given mathematical domain.In both senses, an axiom is any mathematical statement that serves as a starting point from which other statements are logically derived. Within the system they define, axioms (unless redundant) cannot be derived by principles of deduction, nor are they demonstrable by mathematical proofs, simply because they are starting points; there is nothing else from which they logically follow otherwise they would be classified as theorems. However, an axiom in one system may be a theorem in another, and vice versa.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report