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Linkage Introduction
Linkage Introduction

... When loci are physically located close to one another on a chromosome, there is a deviation from this relationship. This deviation is summarized by the recombination fraction. The recombination fraction is often denoted by θ where ...
Unit 6 Genetics and Heredity
Unit 6 Genetics and Heredity

... traits carried only on the X chromosome? – 1 b/c only have 1 X chromosome (Y doesn’t have allele) • What is this called? – X-linked or sex-linked » Ex. eye color in fruit flies, hemophilia in humans, colorblindness in humans ...
What is Hemoglobin H - Cooley`s Anemia Foundation
What is Hemoglobin H - Cooley`s Anemia Foundation

... will be. People with 3 working genes are called silent carriers. Most of these people will never know they have 1 non-working gene. People with 2 working genes have alpha thalassemia trait. People with alpha thalassemia trait do not have any health problems and may never know they have only 2 workin ...
Lesson 1: Do you have good taste?
Lesson 1: Do you have good taste?

... with our ears and interpre ng them with our brains.  Given these examples, how do you think  our sense of taste works?  What “data” are being collected and by what part of our bodies?  c.  Does everyone taste things in the same way and to the same degree?  Why or why not?  d.  Guide students to make ...
Activity 3 - Classical Conditioning
Activity 3 - Classical Conditioning

... The Behaviourist approach to psychology focuses on observable events and explains the acquisition of behaviour dependent upon events in the environment. In the case of classical conditioning, those events are the simultaneous (or nearly so) appearance of stimuli, which then become associated. Pavlov ...
Fine mapping of Restorer-of-fertility in pepper (Capsicum
Fine mapping of Restorer-of-fertility in pepper (Capsicum

... The products of Rf genes of this type are involved in the processing or degradation of transcripts from CMS-expressed genes, as exemplified by Rf1a and Rf1b, which function in cleavage or degradation of CMS-associated transcripts (atp6orf79) in rice (Wang et al. 2006). PPR genes constitute a large g ...
How mammalian sex chromosomes acquired their peculiar gene
How mammalian sex chromosomes acquired their peculiar gene

... clustering non-randomly in the Drosophila genome.(34) These data seem to be in apparent opposition to that seen in humans where there appears to an enrichment of certain male-related genes on the X and in which the autosomes do not show an excess of these genes (this issue is discussed later). A sim ...
Can Human Aging Be Postponed?
Can Human Aging Be Postponed?

... grandparents. They commonly die of heart disease or stroke before their 15th birthday. Huntington’s disease, which is also caused by a defect in one copy of a gene, manifests itself in middle age. In this case, the nervous system degenerates, eventually leading to death. Progeria is rare, whereas Hu ...
Vertical and horizontal gene transfer in lichens
Vertical and horizontal gene transfer in lichens

... result from parallel cladogenesis and coevolution (i.e. the genetic change of an organism as a response to the genetic change of a related organism). Such assumption in lichen symbioses could be accepted only in cases where vertical transmission of photobiont occurs, i.e. in lichens that reproduce a ...
draft - University of Michigan
draft - University of Michigan

... Faster-X expression divergence To determine if these 4,851 genes showed greater expression divergence on the X chromosome than on autosomes, we used the nonparametric Spearman’s correlation coefficient (ρ) to compare levels of mRNA expression between X-linked and autosomal genes. Spearman’s ρ has pr ...
Comparative analysis of mono(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (MEHP) and
Comparative analysis of mono(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (MEHP) and

... Venn diagrams were performed by GeneVenn (http://genevenn.sourceforge.net/), a web application for comparison and visualization of microarray data. Pathway enrichment analysis was performed by using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) online analysis tool (htt ...
Evolution and intelligence: beyond the argument
Evolution and intelligence: beyond the argument

... probably contain over a hundred billion neurons with thousands of connections each, it suggests that the wiring instructions that could possibly be specified genetically are probably insufficient by many orders of magnitude to wire brains, connection by connection. And of course, the extent of under ...
Chapter 17
Chapter 17

... transposable elements located near one another will transpose together and carry the intervening DNA sequence with them. Genes for antibiotic resistance can be multiplied and transferred between bacteria in this way, via plasmids. ...
PDF (Appendix S2)
PDF (Appendix S2)

... dynamic binning script (Ruan et al., 2006). For binning, replicates were combined, and only peaks that occurred in both replicates with an area greater than 0.1% of the total area in each sample were accepted as ‘real’. Using this technique, 34 samples were analyzed for variations in microbial eukar ...
File
File

... Distribution of Sickle Cell Anemia mirrors that of Malaria - people who are heterozygous for Sickle Cell Anemia are more resistant to ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... From the Plasmid pKAN-R  red fluorescent protein (rfp) – the protein we want to grow and isolate  promotor (pBAD) – site at which RNA polymerase binds to DNA to initiate transcription (an RNA copy of the genes are made which then moves to the ribosomes which use them to build the proteins) From th ...
Microsatellite Repeat Variation Within the y1 Gene of Maize and
Microsatellite Repeat Variation Within the y1 Gene of Maize and

... Table 1). In addition, sequence polymorphisms that flank the microsatellite region of yl allow the two accessions of Z. mays ssp. mexicana and Z mays var. huehuetenangensis to be distinguished (Figure 2 and Table 1). The perennial teosintes Z. diploperennis and Z. perennis (Ames 21881) were found to ...
An integrative genomics approach to infer causal
An integrative genomics approach to infer causal

... accurately, as a more realistic way to ‘simulate’ independence relationships among complex traits. That is, if two gene-expression traits are each driven by a strong cis-acting eQTL, and these eQTLs are closely linked, they will induce a correlation structure between the two traits (Fig. 2), as we s ...
jmm.sgmjournals.org - Journal of Medical Microbiology
jmm.sgmjournals.org - Journal of Medical Microbiology

... In these dynamic accretions, bacteria can be densely packed and often depend on each other for the provision of metabolic substrates. Under these circumstances, it will be advantageous for bacteria to be able to detect the presence of their neighbours, to communicate with them and to co-ordinate var ...
Cells, Tissues, and Organs
Cells, Tissues, and Organs

... Our bodies are made of cells, tissues, and organs. The cell is the smallest unit of life. All living things are made of cells. One kind of cell makes one kind of tissue. Only hair cells can make hair tissue. Only nerve cells can make nerve tissue. Only sweat gland cells can make sweat gland tissue. ...
Chapter 1 A Perspective on Human Genetics
Chapter 1 A Perspective on Human Genetics

... • Find their locations in each genome • Syntenic blocks: conserved order over long stretches • ~200 syntenic blocks between mouse and human • Span 95% of genome Chapter 15 Human Heredity by Michael Cummings ©2006 Brooks/Cole-Thomson Learning ...
Author`s personal copy
Author`s personal copy

... organisms that are phylogenetically related. However, to infer a robust phylogenetic relationship of the organisms based only on their functional genes for denitrification is currently not possible, since horizontal gene transfer is likely to have occurred for denitrification genes [39,41]. Hence, cul ...
Punnett Squares
Punnett Squares

... Every individual offspring inherits at least two copies of every gene – one from the mother and one from the father. ...
Punnett Squares
Punnett Squares

... Every individual offspring inherits at least two copies of every gene – one from the mother and one from the father. ...
Genetics Exercise - Holy Trinity Academy
Genetics Exercise - Holy Trinity Academy

... b) If an albino married a heterozygous person of normal pigmentation, what phenotypes would you expect in their children? c) Two parents of normal skin pigmentation had an albino child. How was this possible? 7. In Drosophila, the common fruit fly, the normal grey body is dominant to the recessive t ...
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Biology and consumer behaviour

Consumer behaviour is the study of the motivations surrounding a purchase of a product or service. It has been linked to the field of psychology, sociology and economics in attempts to analyse when, why, where and how people purchase in the way that they do. However, little literature has considered the link between our consumption behaviour and the basics of our being, our biology. Segmentation by biological driven demographics such as sex and age are already popular and pervasive in marketing. As more knowledge and research is known, targeting based on a consumers biology is of growing interest and use to marketers.As human machines being made up of cells controlled by our brain to influence aspects of our behaviour, there must be some influence of biology on our consumer behaviour and how we purchase as well. The nature versus nurture debate is at the core of how much biology influences these buying decisions, because it argues the extent to which biological factors influence what we do, and how much is reflected through environmental factors. Neuromarketing is of interest to marketers in measuring the reaction of stimulus to marketing. Even though we know there is a reaction, the question of why we consume the way we do still lingers, but it is a step in the right direction. Biology helps to understand consumer behaviour as it influences consumption and aids in the measurement of it.Lawson and Wooliscroft (2004) drew the link between human nature and the marketing concept, not explicitly biology, where they considered the contrasting views of Hobbes and Rousseau on mankind. Hobbes believed man had a self-serving nature whereas Rousseau was more forgiving towards the nature of man, suggesting them to be noble and dignified. Hobbes saw the need for a governing intermediary to control this selfish nature which provided a basis for the exchange theory, and also links to Mcgregor’s Theory of X and Y, relevant to management literature. He also considered cooperation and competition, relevant to game theory as an explanation of man’s motives and can be used for understanding the exercising of power in marketing channels. Pinker outlines why the nature debate has been suppressed by the nurture debate in his book The Blank Slate.
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