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Unconditionally Secure Quantum Signatures
Unconditionally Secure Quantum Signatures

Lecture, Week 1: September 27th - October 3rd, 1999 Outline 1
Lecture, Week 1: September 27th - October 3rd, 1999 Outline 1

... physicists believe may give mass to particles. The Standard Model does not include a description of gravity, which in the atomic realm is much weaker than the other forces. Another odd feature of quantum particle/waves is quantum entanglement. If two quantum partices are coupled but then go their se ...
An Introduction to Quantum Game Theory
An Introduction to Quantum Game Theory

q -entropies and the entanglement dynamics of two-qubits interacting with an... 408 A. Hamadou-Ibrahim et al.
q -entropies and the entanglement dynamics of two-qubits interacting with an... 408 A. Hamadou-Ibrahim et al.

... quantum phenomena that lie at the heart of the present understanding of the fabric of Nature [1–4]. There is nowadays wide consensus that entanglement constitutes the most distinctive feature of the quantum mechanical description of the physical world. The multiple manifestations of quantum entangle ...
Particle Physics and Inflationary Cosmology
Particle Physics and Inflationary Cosmology

... theories, should produce an abundance of magnetic monopoles, the density of which ought to exceed the observed density of matter at the present time, ρ ∼ 10−29 g · cm−3 , by approximately fifteen orders of magnitude [40]. At first, it seemed that uncertainties inherent in both the hot universe theor ...
QUANTUM STATES, ENTANGLEMENT and CLOSED TIMELIKE
QUANTUM STATES, ENTANGLEMENT and CLOSED TIMELIKE

Eigenstate Phase Transitions
Eigenstate Phase Transitions

Reversible Logic Synthesis with Cascades of New Gate Family
Reversible Logic Synthesis with Cascades of New Gate Family

... realizability in linear ion trap devices. However, this approach produces circuits of too large dimensions. Universality of n-qudit gates was discussed in [9, 32] but no design algorithms were given. Picton [35] presented an approach called Universal Architecture for multi-valued reversible logic bu ...
A CATEGORY THEORY AND HIGHER DIMENSIONAL ALGEBRA
A CATEGORY THEORY AND HIGHER DIMENSIONAL ALGEBRA

... aspects. We shall also consider here the noun existence as a basic, or primary concept which cannot be defined in either simpler or atomic terms, with the latter in the sense of Wittgenstein. The authors aim at a concise presentation of novel methodologies for studying such difficult, as well as con ...
APCTP-WCU APR 16 - Y.
APCTP-WCU APR 16 - Y.

... Results: Triton and Helion EDM • Polarization EDM: Model dependence • Small model dependence among local potentials • INOY potential shows large deviation from other potentials • INOY is non-local, softest core and tensor interaction ...
Duo: A general program for calculating spectra of diatomic molecules
Duo: A general program for calculating spectra of diatomic molecules

... of this one-dimensional Schrödinger equation is a well-studied mathematical problem [2,3] for which many efficient numerical methods are available [4–19]; the most popular of them is probably the iterative ‘‘shooting’’ Cooley–Numerov [20–22] method which is notably used in the program Level due to L ...
Photodissociation of ozone in the Hartley band: Potential energy
Photodissociation of ozone in the Hartley band: Potential energy

Bachelor Thesis - Institut für Analysis und Scientific Computing
Bachelor Thesis - Institut für Analysis und Scientific Computing

... Introduction and historical aspects Different forms of knots have been known since long ago. They had technical applications, like in shipping, or weaving. More interesting and in particular aesthetically pleasing were the mystic symbols in many cultures. Famous examples are the sign of the pythago ...
Coulomb-Blockade Oscillations in Semiconductor Nanostructures
Coulomb-Blockade Oscillations in Semiconductor Nanostructures

Quantum simulations with cold trapped ions
Quantum simulations with cold trapped ions

... degree by the experimenter. A strong motivation for early experiments with individual trapped ions arose from their potential use as frequency standards (e.g. Dehmelt (1981) and references therein). Today, by using trapped ions as frequency standards unsurpassed accuracy and precision have been reac ...
Institute for Theoretical Physics of Phase Transitions
Institute for Theoretical Physics of Phase Transitions

Resource cost results for one-way entanglement
Resource cost results for one-way entanglement

... III. BASIC DEFINITIONS ...
L17-20
L17-20

Quantum technology: the second quantum revolution
Quantum technology: the second quantum revolution

... In parallel to the developments in quantum computing and cryptography, there has evolved an entirely new science of quantum information theory that investigates the fundamental limits of how information can be processed in a quantum world. Due to non-local entanglements, which do not exist in classi ...
From Quantum Gates to Quantum Learning
From Quantum Gates to Quantum Learning

Connecting Blackbody Radiation, Relativity, and Discrete Charge in
Connecting Blackbody Radiation, Relativity, and Discrete Charge in

Ockham`s razor and the interpretations of quantum mechanics
Ockham`s razor and the interpretations of quantum mechanics

... The interpretations of Quantum Mechanics are up to now matter of philosophicalphysical debates. One philosophical concept that is often stressed during debates about interpretational issues in Quantum Mechanics is Ockham's 1 razor, or the principle of parsimony. Gu et al. [2011] give a good example ...
Ph. D. Thesis
Ph. D. Thesis

... For example, superconductivity is suppressed in a vortex core due to the high energy cost of supercurrents, allowing competing orders to arise in the vortex core region. As shown in Fig. 1.1, antiferromagnetism has been observed[1, 2] in the vortex cores of high-Tc cuprates. Another example is seen ...
The space group classification of topological band insulators arXiv
The space group classification of topological band insulators arXiv

Adiabatic Quantum State Generation and Statistical Zero Knowledge
Adiabatic Quantum State Generation and Statistical Zero Knowledge

... In order to provide a framework for the study of state generation using the adiabatic language, we define adiabatic quantum state generation as general as we can. Thus, we replace the requirement that the Hamiltonians are on a straight line, with Hamiltonians on any general path. Second, we replace ...
< 1 ... 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 ... 358 >

Scalar field theory

In theoretical physics, scalar field theory can refer to a classical or quantum theory of scalar fields. A scalar field is invariant under any Lorentz transformation.The only fundamental scalar quantum field that has been observed in nature is the Higgs field. However, scalar quantum fields feature in the effective field theory descriptions of many physical phenomena. An example is the pion, which is actually a pseudoscalar.Since they do not involve polarization complications, scalar fields are often the easiest to appreciate second quantization through. For this reason, scalar field theories are often used for purposes of introduction of novel concepts and techniques.The signature of the metric employed below is (+, −, −, −).
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