Electron transport, interaction and spin in graphene and graphene nanoribbons Artsem Shylau
... [1], a pure 2D crystal consisting of carbon atoms arranged in a honey-comb lattice. For a long time before graphene had been considered only by theoreticians as a basic block used to build theory for graphite [2] and carbon nanotubes [3]. Its existence was doubt since the theory predicted that perfe ...
... [1], a pure 2D crystal consisting of carbon atoms arranged in a honey-comb lattice. For a long time before graphene had been considered only by theoreticians as a basic block used to build theory for graphite [2] and carbon nanotubes [3]. Its existence was doubt since the theory predicted that perfe ...
spins_unit_schrodinger_time_evolution
... 3.2 Spin Precession Find our measurements depend on energy differences, so our Hamiltonian needs to only include terms that will involve energy differences in the two possible spin states •Only the dipole potential energy does this: recall that U = -μ·B •Choice for zero point of potential energy is ...
... 3.2 Spin Precession Find our measurements depend on energy differences, so our Hamiltonian needs to only include terms that will involve energy differences in the two possible spin states •Only the dipole potential energy does this: recall that U = -μ·B •Choice for zero point of potential energy is ...
Ph. D. Thesis
... For example, superconductivity is suppressed in a vortex core due to the high energy cost of supercurrents, allowing competing orders to arise in the vortex core region. As shown in Fig. 1.1, antiferromagnetism has been observed[1, 2] in the vortex cores of high-Tc cuprates. Another example is seen ...
... For example, superconductivity is suppressed in a vortex core due to the high energy cost of supercurrents, allowing competing orders to arise in the vortex core region. As shown in Fig. 1.1, antiferromagnetism has been observed[1, 2] in the vortex cores of high-Tc cuprates. Another example is seen ...
Electron-hole correlations in semiconductor quantum dots with tight-binding wave functions
... theoretically11–20 for a wide range of sizes, shapes, and materials. This work is stimulated both by a fundamental interest in quantum-confined systems and by the applicability of quantum dots in nanoscale devices. Experimentally, significant recent improvements in both growth techniques21 and singl ...
... theoretically11–20 for a wide range of sizes, shapes, and materials. This work is stimulated both by a fundamental interest in quantum-confined systems and by the applicability of quantum dots in nanoscale devices. Experimentally, significant recent improvements in both growth techniques21 and singl ...
Quantum Mechanics of Many-Particle Systems: Atoms, Molecules
... ‘Big Bang’, when all the particles in the present Universe were contained in a small ‘ball’ which exploded – the interactions between them driving them apart to form the Expanding Universe we still have around us today. The first part of the chapter tells the story, as best we know it, from the tim ...
... ‘Big Bang’, when all the particles in the present Universe were contained in a small ‘ball’ which exploded – the interactions between them driving them apart to form the Expanding Universe we still have around us today. The first part of the chapter tells the story, as best we know it, from the tim ...
Reply to criticism of the ‘Orch OR qubit’ – ‘Orchestrated... reduction’ is scientifically justified
... force electric dipoles” have been discussed in previous publications but the other two options have been introduced for the first time. H&P True. London force ‘electric dipoles’ remain the primary description for mediating quantum states in tubulin and microtubules, with magnetic dipoles (electron s ...
... force electric dipoles” have been discussed in previous publications but the other two options have been introduced for the first time. H&P True. London force ‘electric dipoles’ remain the primary description for mediating quantum states in tubulin and microtubules, with magnetic dipoles (electron s ...
Monte Carlo Studies of Ising Spin Glasses and Random Field Systems
... Spin glasses and random field systems are magnetic materials in which a structural disorder occurs as a consequence of a special preparation process. The latter either changes the chemical composition of compounds and alloys (via dilution or mixing) or it decrystallizes the pure material (via sputte ...
... Spin glasses and random field systems are magnetic materials in which a structural disorder occurs as a consequence of a special preparation process. The latter either changes the chemical composition of compounds and alloys (via dilution or mixing) or it decrystallizes the pure material (via sputte ...
Topics in Applied Physics Volume 115
... combined with the rich and fertile physics of low-dimensional semiconducting structures and with the possibility to change, for example, carrier density, electric fields or coupling to other quantum systems in a controlled way, an extremely exciting and interesting research field is opened. Most comme ...
... combined with the rich and fertile physics of low-dimensional semiconducting structures and with the possibility to change, for example, carrier density, electric fields or coupling to other quantum systems in a controlled way, an extremely exciting and interesting research field is opened. Most comme ...
Light-Matter Interaction: Fundamentals and
... with a classical optical field. This picture is more “tangible” than the formalism of quantum mechanics and helps students get an intuitive grasp of much, if not all, light-matter phenomena. In Chapter 7 and its appendices we develop this picture more fully and point out analogies to electrical circ ...
... with a classical optical field. This picture is more “tangible” than the formalism of quantum mechanics and helps students get an intuitive grasp of much, if not all, light-matter phenomena. In Chapter 7 and its appendices we develop this picture more fully and point out analogies to electrical circ ...
Interacting Rydberg atoms
... Interactions between single atoms are fundamental to physics and to control them is an ultimate goal. The exaggerated properties of Rydberg atoms offer to met the technical challenges to isolate and control single interaction channels in ultracold gases. Here, I present experiments on two subjects r ...
... Interactions between single atoms are fundamental to physics and to control them is an ultimate goal. The exaggerated properties of Rydberg atoms offer to met the technical challenges to isolate and control single interaction channels in ultracold gases. Here, I present experiments on two subjects r ...
Temporal interferences driven by a single-cycle terahertz pulse in the... dynamics of negative ions
... field in a propagating pulse. Compared with the more usual multicycle pulses, it has several fundamentally different but useful characteristics, including a different energy-transfer mechanism, a nonzero spatial displacement of a free charge, and also a one-directional momentum transfer. For example ...
... field in a propagating pulse. Compared with the more usual multicycle pulses, it has several fundamentally different but useful characteristics, including a different energy-transfer mechanism, a nonzero spatial displacement of a free charge, and also a one-directional momentum transfer. For example ...
Thermal and Quantum Phase Transitions
... (and more than just an academic curiosity)? To understand this, we have to consider the generic “quantum critical” phase diagram as function of both the non-thermal control parameter and temperature, Fig. 1.1. For a continuous QPT, the zero-temperature axis is divided into two stable phases separate ...
... (and more than just an academic curiosity)? To understand this, we have to consider the generic “quantum critical” phase diagram as function of both the non-thermal control parameter and temperature, Fig. 1.1. For a continuous QPT, the zero-temperature axis is divided into two stable phases separate ...
Fractional Spin Liquid Hierarchy for Spin S
... droplet wave function at a Landau-level filling fraction ν = 1/2 is apparent, i.e., the CSL can be interpreted as bosons at half filling in a fictitious magnetic field of one Dirac quantum per plaquet. The CSL possesses chirality “+,” i.e., χ = Si (Sj × Sk ) > 0, where the sites i,j,k span a tr ...
... droplet wave function at a Landau-level filling fraction ν = 1/2 is apparent, i.e., the CSL can be interpreted as bosons at half filling in a fictitious magnetic field of one Dirac quantum per plaquet. The CSL possesses chirality “+,” i.e., χ = Si (Sj × Sk ) > 0, where the sites i,j,k span a tr ...
Review on Nucleon Spin Structure
... reduction. • The third term is again the qq creation and annihilation contribution, which also takes back the missing spin. ...
... reduction. • The third term is again the qq creation and annihilation contribution, which also takes back the missing spin. ...
Ferromagnetism
Not to be confused with Ferrimagnetism; for an overview see Magnetism.Ferromagnetism is the basic mechanism by which certain materials (such as iron) form permanent magnets, or are attracted to magnets. In physics, several different types of magnetism are distinguished. Ferromagnetism (including ferrimagnetism) is the strongest type: it is the only one that typically creates forces strong enough to be felt, and is responsible for the common phenomena of magnetism in magnets encountered in everyday life. Substances respond weakly to magnetic fields with three other types of magnetism, paramagnetism, diamagnetism, and antiferromagnetism, but the forces are usually so weak that they can only be detected by sensitive instruments in a laboratory. An everyday example of ferromagnetism is a refrigerator magnet used to hold notes on a refrigerator door. The attraction between a magnet and ferromagnetic material is ""the quality of magnetism first apparent to the ancient world, and to us today"".Permanent magnets (materials that can be magnetized by an external magnetic field and remain magnetized after the external field is removed) are either ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic, as are other materials that are noticeably attracted to them. Only a few substances are ferromagnetic. The common ones are iron, nickel, cobalt and most of their alloys, some compounds of rare earth metals, and a few naturally-occurring minerals such as lodestone.Ferromagnetism is very important in industry and modern technology, and is the basis for many electrical and electromechanical devices such as electromagnets, electric motors, generators, transformers, and magnetic storage such as tape recorders, and hard disks.