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µ OPA348 OPA2348 OPA4348
µ OPA348 OPA2348 OPA4348

... This integrated circuit can be damaged by ESD. Texas Instruments recommends that all integrated circuits be handled with appropriate precautions. Failure to observe proper handling and installation procedures can cause damage. ESD damage can range from subtle performance degradation to complete devi ...
REG104-25 数据资料 dataSheet 下载
REG104-25 数据资料 dataSheet 下载

... regulators. The family includes five fixed output versions (2.5V to 5.0V) and an adjustable output version. An internal DMOS power device provides low dropout regulation with near constant ground pin current (largely independent of load and dropout conditions) and very fast line and load transient r ...
Wheelock E Series
Wheelock E Series

... • Adding, replacing or changing appliances or changing candela settings will affect current draw. • Recalculate current draw to insure that the total average current and total peak required by all appliances do not exceed the rated capacity of the power sources or fuses. • The voltage applied to the ...
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE)
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE)

WFPS1 WIND FARM POWER STATION GRID CODE PROVISIONS
WFPS1 WIND FARM POWER STATION GRID CODE PROVISIONS

... appropriate to Figure WFPS1.2. For the Frequency values in Table WFPS1.2 above, FA ≤ FB ≤ FC ≤ FD = FE. WFPS1.5.2.2.8 Alterations to the Wind Farm Power Station’s Active Power output, triggered by Frequency changes, shall be achieved by proportionately altering the Active Power output of all availab ...
Reverse Battery Protection
Reverse Battery Protection

... Such a solution would be feasible for high output power requirements. The drawback of this solution is the additional circuit effort which has to be spent to drive the n-channel MOSFET during normal operation. A charge pump circuit is needed to create the required offset on the Gate pin over the bat ...
DATA SHEET PHE13009 Silicon Diffused Power Transistor
DATA SHEET PHE13009 Silicon Diffused Power Transistor

... party customer(s). Customer is responsible for doing all necessary testing for the customer’s applications and products using NXP Semiconductors products in order to avoid a default of the applications and the products or of the application or use by customer’s third party customer(s). NXP does not ...
DATA  SHEET PCA82C250 CAN controller interface
DATA SHEET PCA82C250 CAN controller interface

... If the junction temperature exceeds a value of approximately 160 °C, the limiting current of both transmitter outputs is decreased. Because the transmitter is responsible for the major part of the power dissipation, this will result in a reduced power dissipation and hence a lower chip temperature. ...
PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 7 PLC and System Interfacing
PowerPoint ® Presentation Chapter 7 PLC and System Interfacing

EMC Filters and Components Power Quality Products Surge
EMC Filters and Components Power Quality Products Surge

MAX14838/9 - Maxim Part Number Search
MAX14838/9 - Maxim Part Number Search

... optimized for use in industrial sensors. These devices integrate all of the high-voltage (24V) circuitry commonly found in industrial sensors, including a configurable PNP/ NPN/push-pull driver and an integrated linear regulator that meets common sensor power requirements. ...
Design of MMIC Serial to Parallel Converter in Gallium Arsenide
Design of MMIC Serial to Parallel Converter in Gallium Arsenide

... becomes easier to make compact due to the resistor. In other aspects such as power dissipation, the circuit becomes more effective. In the design of the serial to parallel converter DCFL with resistive loads is used. DCFL with resistive load requires a smaller number of devices for the same logic un ...
SiT5001 - SiTime
SiT5001 - SiTime

... unauthorized modification or repairs which have been soldered or altered during assembly and are not capable of being tested by SiTime under its normal test conditions, or (iv) improper installation, storage, handling, warehousing or transportation, or (v) being subjected to unusual physical, therma ...
R2A25107KFP  Data Sheet Intelligent Power Device for MOSFET Pre-drive
R2A25107KFP Data Sheet Intelligent Power Device for MOSFET Pre-drive

... powering the charge pump circuit for high-side gate drive and the 5 V series regulator. The resulting 6.2-V output of the step down converter is also used for powering the low-side gate drive. The block diagram of the step down converter circuit is shown in figure 1. This circuit contains an error a ...
Control Individual LEDs in Matrix Headlights with Integrated 8
Control Individual LEDs in Matrix Headlights with Integrated 8

... Segments of headlights, signal lights and tail lights can have up to four LEDs with the same brightness. Emergency LED lights can have sets of three and four LEDs that blink and wave with the same pattern. The circuit in Figure 7 demonstrates a two-LED-per-channel system—it has the same number of LE ...
Part 2  
Part 2  

A high precision, low cost, single supply ADC for positive and
A high precision, low cost, single supply ADC for positive and

... described. It's input voltage is proportional to the inverse of the time measured. We can see in Figure 9 below that as the input voltage becomes closer to V1, the conversion time also increases. For an input of V1, the conversion time is infinite (1/Tm = 0 in Figure 9). So the input voltage range d ...
EXPERIMENT 3: TTL AND CMOS CHARACTERISTICS
EXPERIMENT 3: TTL AND CMOS CHARACTERISTICS

... Any loads imposed upon the outputs of gates deteriorate the output signal. Capacitive loading occurs if the load impedance to the output of a gate has a capacitive component. This external load capacitance component can be caused by such things as other logic devices or stray wiring capacitance. The ...
110W 54V Power Supply Demo Board using ICL5101
110W 54V Power Supply Demo Board using ICL5101

... low THD. When the load is smaller than 10 %, in order to limit the PFC switching frequency, the IC controls the PFC to operate in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM). The half-bridge LLC stage has a fixed duty cycle of D=0.5 and an adjustable self-adapting dead time from 0.5 µs to 1 µs. The operatio ...
TDA8922C 1. General description 2
TDA8922C 1. General description 2

... 8.2 Pulse-width modulation frequency The amplifier output signal is a PWM signal with a typical carrier frequency of between 250 kHz and 450 kHz. A second order LC demodulation filter on the output converts the PWM signal into an analog audio signal. The carrier frequency is determined by an externa ...
Power Consumption
Power Consumption

EET-222-ELECTRICAL MC-II
EET-222-ELECTRICAL MC-II

MAX8716/MAX8717/MAX8756/MAX8757 Interleaved High-Efficiency, Dual Power-Supply Controllers for Notebook Computers General Description
MAX8716/MAX8717/MAX8756/MAX8757 Interleaved High-Efficiency, Dual Power-Supply Controllers for Notebook Computers General Description

... up to the 26V maximum input. Optimal 40/60 interleaving allows the input voltage to go down to 8.3V before duty-cycle overlap occurs in 5V/3.3V applications, compared to 180° out-of-phase regulators where the dutycycle overlap occurs when the input drops below 10V. Accurate output current limit is a ...
LM833-N 数据资料 dataSheet 下载
LM833-N 数据资料 dataSheet 下载

... Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, modifications, enhancements, improvements, and other changes to its products and services at any time and to discontinue any product or service without notice. Customers should obtain the latest relevant ...
HMC536LP2E - Hittite Microwave Corp.
HMC536LP2E - Hittite Microwave Corp.

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Electrical substation



A substation is a part of an electrical generation, transmission, and distribution system. Substations transform voltage from high to low, or the reverse, or perform any of several other important functions. Between the generating station and consumer, electric power may flow through several substations at different voltage levels.Substations may be owned and operated by an electrical utility, or may be owned by a large industrial or commercial customer. Generally substations are unattended, relying on SCADA for remote supervision and control.A substation may include transformers to change voltage levels between high transmission voltages and lower distribution voltages, or at the interconnection of two different transmission voltages. The word substation comes from the days before the distribution system became a grid. As central generation stations became larger, smaller generating plants were converted to distribution stations, receiving their energy supply from a larger plant instead of using their own generators. The first substations were connected to only one power station, where the generators were housed, and were subsidiaries of that power station.
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