Solutions
... • Some carriers passively transport substances down their respective concentration gradient • Other carriers actively transport substances up their respective concentration gradient – carriers called pumps hydrolyze a molecule of ATP and use the energy to pump substances across the membrane against ...
... • Some carriers passively transport substances down their respective concentration gradient • Other carriers actively transport substances up their respective concentration gradient – carriers called pumps hydrolyze a molecule of ATP and use the energy to pump substances across the membrane against ...
Chapter 7: A View of the Cell
... bacteria, do not have membranebound organelles and are therefore called prokaryotes. Cells of the other type, those containing membrane-bound organelles, are called eukaryotic (yew kar ee AW tik) cells. Most of the multicellular organisms we know are made up of eukaryotic cells and are therefore cal ...
... bacteria, do not have membranebound organelles and are therefore called prokaryotes. Cells of the other type, those containing membrane-bound organelles, are called eukaryotic (yew kar ee AW tik) cells. Most of the multicellular organisms we know are made up of eukaryotic cells and are therefore cal ...
Selection and measurement of different disinfectants for the aseptic
... are all reasons why this process is so widely used. Peracetic acid (PES) is used as a bleach, for example to bleach paper, textiles, and starch, and as a disinfectant (in approx. one percent concentration) and sterilizer because of its strong oxidation effect. PES is subject to self-accelerating dec ...
... are all reasons why this process is so widely used. Peracetic acid (PES) is used as a bleach, for example to bleach paper, textiles, and starch, and as a disinfectant (in approx. one percent concentration) and sterilizer because of its strong oxidation effect. PES is subject to self-accelerating dec ...
Assembly of the phragmoplast microtubule array in plant cells Bo Liu
... walls, from the interior to the periphery of the cell. These dynamic events are supported by a microtubule (MT)‐based structure, which is known as a phragmoplast. The phragmoplast is centrifugally expanded, which appears to be mediated by MT turnover involving the depolymerization of MTs and poly ...
... walls, from the interior to the periphery of the cell. These dynamic events are supported by a microtubule (MT)‐based structure, which is known as a phragmoplast. The phragmoplast is centrifugally expanded, which appears to be mediated by MT turnover involving the depolymerization of MTs and poly ...
Full Text - Molecular Biology and Evolution
... This dramatic reduction in the conservation of membrane proteins is widespread across the entire tree of life, but the effect decreases as cellular or organismal complexity increases. Water-soluble proteins have on average 2.7 times more orthologs than membrane proteins in prokaryotes. The factor de ...
... This dramatic reduction in the conservation of membrane proteins is widespread across the entire tree of life, but the effect decreases as cellular or organismal complexity increases. Water-soluble proteins have on average 2.7 times more orthologs than membrane proteins in prokaryotes. The factor de ...
Genome Biology and
... – The use of CHIP and DNA microarrays to define the genomic binding sites of the SBF and MBF transcription factors in vivo – The SBF and MBF transcription factors are active in the initiation of the cell division cycle (G1/S) in yeast • A few target genes of SBF and MBF are known but the precise rol ...
... – The use of CHIP and DNA microarrays to define the genomic binding sites of the SBF and MBF transcription factors in vivo – The SBF and MBF transcription factors are active in the initiation of the cell division cycle (G1/S) in yeast • A few target genes of SBF and MBF are known but the precise rol ...
A C. elegans mediator protein confers regulatory selectivity on
... pal-1 activity in V6. Salser and Kenyon (1996) found that although pal-1 functioned to turn on mab-5 expression in V6, mab-5 activity alone in the absence of a wild-type pal-1 allele was insufficient to generate a wild-type V6 lineage and normal V6 rays. This was shown by experiments in which MAB-5 ...
... pal-1 activity in V6. Salser and Kenyon (1996) found that although pal-1 functioned to turn on mab-5 expression in V6, mab-5 activity alone in the absence of a wild-type pal-1 allele was insufficient to generate a wild-type V6 lineage and normal V6 rays. This was shown by experiments in which MAB-5 ...
lncreased Expression of Vacuolar Aquaporin and H+
... permeability of the lipid bilayer is more than sufficient for required fluxes. However, some specialized plant cells, such as stomata cells, the motor cells of the pulvini of Mimosa pudica, or of the stamens of Mahonia spp. change their volume very rapidly using water exchange with surrounding cells ...
... permeability of the lipid bilayer is more than sufficient for required fluxes. However, some specialized plant cells, such as stomata cells, the motor cells of the pulvini of Mimosa pudica, or of the stamens of Mahonia spp. change their volume very rapidly using water exchange with surrounding cells ...
Protein kinases - Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal
... 1906: Discovery of the first phosphorylated protein (Vitellin) by Phoebus A. Levene 1933: With Fritz Lipmann, Levene discovers a phosphoserine in the protein casein 1954: First description of a kinase activity on casein 1955: Fischer & Krebs and Sutherland demonstrate that conversion between phospho ...
... 1906: Discovery of the first phosphorylated protein (Vitellin) by Phoebus A. Levene 1933: With Fritz Lipmann, Levene discovers a phosphoserine in the protein casein 1954: First description of a kinase activity on casein 1955: Fischer & Krebs and Sutherland demonstrate that conversion between phospho ...
sv-lncs - Department of Computer Science and Engineering
... intricate arrangements that drive the proteins to fold and interact as they do. A single protein molecule can possess multiple domains causing difficulty in discovering a simple formula that dictates the manner by which protein interactions occur. There is no known way to identify a protein-protein ...
... intricate arrangements that drive the proteins to fold and interact as they do. A single protein molecule can possess multiple domains causing difficulty in discovering a simple formula that dictates the manner by which protein interactions occur. There is no known way to identify a protein-protein ...
RICKETTSIA, CHLAMYDIA, MYCOPLASMA
... morphological characteristics and cultural properties have been isolated. These are commonly referred to as pleuropneumonia-like organisms or PPLO. A certain group of mycoplasmas produce extremely tiny colonies on agar plates, and are called the Tstrains. Some bacteria readily give rise spontaneousl ...
... morphological characteristics and cultural properties have been isolated. These are commonly referred to as pleuropneumonia-like organisms or PPLO. A certain group of mycoplasmas produce extremely tiny colonies on agar plates, and are called the Tstrains. Some bacteria readily give rise spontaneousl ...
Direct interaction of two polarity complexes implicated in epithelial
... pithelial cell lines provide an excellent model system for exploring the molecular basis of how polarity is established and maintained. Polarized epithelial cells contain distinct apical and basolateral membranes, each with their own complement of cell-surface proteins9 and a tight junctional seal a ...
... pithelial cell lines provide an excellent model system for exploring the molecular basis of how polarity is established and maintained. Polarized epithelial cells contain distinct apical and basolateral membranes, each with their own complement of cell-surface proteins9 and a tight junctional seal a ...
Growth Factors
... • Attach to receptor proteins • Which often work by affecting G proteins • Which turn on enzymes (proteins) • Which make second messengers • Which go down inside the cell and make it divide Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins ...
... • Attach to receptor proteins • Which often work by affecting G proteins • Which turn on enzymes (proteins) • Which make second messengers • Which go down inside the cell and make it divide Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins ...
T-Cell Activation by Recombinant Receptors
... tivated for 48 h with transiently transfected 293T cells. T cells were harvested, lysis of CEA tumor cells, the assay was also performed in the presence of the anti-BW431/26 idiotypic mab BW2064/36 and as a control in the presence of and receptor expression was monitored by flow cytometric analysis. ...
... tivated for 48 h with transiently transfected 293T cells. T cells were harvested, lysis of CEA tumor cells, the assay was also performed in the presence of the anti-BW431/26 idiotypic mab BW2064/36 and as a control in the presence of and receptor expression was monitored by flow cytometric analysis. ...
The Role of F-Box Proteins during Viral Infection
... including IFNβ [77]. The substrate IκB is normally recognized by the FBP β-transducin repeat containing protein (β-TrCP) present in the SCF complex (SCFβ−TrCP) [35]. During rotavirus infection, however, β-TrCP is degraded in a proteasome-dependent manner, stabilizing the expression of the phosphoryl ...
... including IFNβ [77]. The substrate IκB is normally recognized by the FBP β-transducin repeat containing protein (β-TrCP) present in the SCF complex (SCFβ−TrCP) [35]. During rotavirus infection, however, β-TrCP is degraded in a proteasome-dependent manner, stabilizing the expression of the phosphoryl ...
Applied and Environmental Microbiology
... the protein (9). The protein has been used as a carrier for cell surface exposure of foreign epitopes in E. coli (2). Under conditions of phosphate starvation, Pseudomonas aeruginosa expresses the OprP outer membrane pore protein, a phosphate uptake system which has a function similar to that of E. ...
... the protein (9). The protein has been used as a carrier for cell surface exposure of foreign epitopes in E. coli (2). Under conditions of phosphate starvation, Pseudomonas aeruginosa expresses the OprP outer membrane pore protein, a phosphate uptake system which has a function similar to that of E. ...
2. CYCLIC AMINOACIDS 2.1. Aromatic
... 1. Amphoteric – as they combine acidic and basic properties due to the acid-base groups of the side-chain radicals of the protein constituting aminoacids. the majority of the polar groups are located on the surface of globular proteins, providing the acid-base properties and the charge of the protei ...
... 1. Amphoteric – as they combine acidic and basic properties due to the acid-base groups of the side-chain radicals of the protein constituting aminoacids. the majority of the polar groups are located on the surface of globular proteins, providing the acid-base properties and the charge of the protei ...
Physiology 8 Endocrine and Gastroenterology
... a) epinephrine is formed by the hydroxylation and decarboxylation of tyrosine b) 10% of the cells are the epinephrine-secreting type c) plasma norepinephrine levels are generally unchanged after adrenalectomy d) catecholamine t1/2 is 10 minutes in the circulation e) norepinephrine and epinephrine ar ...
... a) epinephrine is formed by the hydroxylation and decarboxylation of tyrosine b) 10% of the cells are the epinephrine-secreting type c) plasma norepinephrine levels are generally unchanged after adrenalectomy d) catecholamine t1/2 is 10 minutes in the circulation e) norepinephrine and epinephrine ar ...
Identification of trichoplein, a novel keratin filament
... cytoskeleton and nuclear envelope in most types of eukaryotic cells (Franke, 1987; Fuchs and Weber, 1994; Fuchs and Cleveland, 1998; Coulombe and Omary, 2002; Herrmann et al., 2003). Although structural components of other major cytoskeletal proteins, actin and tubulin, are highly conserved in diffe ...
... cytoskeleton and nuclear envelope in most types of eukaryotic cells (Franke, 1987; Fuchs and Weber, 1994; Fuchs and Cleveland, 1998; Coulombe and Omary, 2002; Herrmann et al., 2003). Although structural components of other major cytoskeletal proteins, actin and tubulin, are highly conserved in diffe ...
Fe-S
... 12e- from the oxidation of glucose are not transferred directly to O2, go to NAD+ and FAD to form 10NADH and 2FADH2 These are reoxidized, passing their electrons to the electrontransport chain to reduce O2 to H2O causing the mitochondrion to create a proton gradient. This pH gradient is used to driv ...
... 12e- from the oxidation of glucose are not transferred directly to O2, go to NAD+ and FAD to form 10NADH and 2FADH2 These are reoxidized, passing their electrons to the electrontransport chain to reduce O2 to H2O causing the mitochondrion to create a proton gradient. This pH gradient is used to driv ...
SMELL & TASTE
... Powerful effects on behavior, specifically sexual behavior, territorial behavior and identification of kin Mammals • Most mammals only become sexually aroused in the presence of pheromones • Increased likelihood of pregnancy • Synchronization of estrus cycles • Mutual recognition of mother and offsp ...
... Powerful effects on behavior, specifically sexual behavior, territorial behavior and identification of kin Mammals • Most mammals only become sexually aroused in the presence of pheromones • Increased likelihood of pregnancy • Synchronization of estrus cycles • Mutual recognition of mother and offsp ...
Lifeline Week 6 Follow-Along Sheet Cellular Respiration
... Finally, ATP is synthesized via ____________________________ driven by ________________________! Note: Dr. Brooks discrepancy: ________________________________________________________ ...
... Finally, ATP is synthesized via ____________________________ driven by ________________________! Note: Dr. Brooks discrepancy: ________________________________________________________ ...
Visual Coding and the Retinal Receptors
... • The receptive field refers to the part of the visual field that either excites or inhibits a cell in the visual system of the brain. • For a receptor, the receptive field is the point in space from which light strikes it. • For other visual cells, receptive fields are derived from the visual field ...
... • The receptive field refers to the part of the visual field that either excites or inhibits a cell in the visual system of the brain. • For a receptor, the receptive field is the point in space from which light strikes it. • For other visual cells, receptive fields are derived from the visual field ...
Insulin-Resistance, Browning
... relatively scarce in the adult as an identifiable tissue. Brown fat cells are interspersed within WAT of rodents and humans. Activation of BAT requires 3-adrenergic receptor agonism. ...
... relatively scarce in the adult as an identifiable tissue. Brown fat cells are interspersed within WAT of rodents and humans. Activation of BAT requires 3-adrenergic receptor agonism. ...
Biology: Concepts and Connections, 6e (Campbell)
... 1) Many of the enzymes that control a deep-sea firefly squid's ability to produce light energy from chemical energy are located A) in membranes. B) in the nucleus. C) within chloroplasts. D) outside of cells. E) within mitochondria. Answer: A 2) The fluid mosaic model describes the plasma membrane a ...
... 1) Many of the enzymes that control a deep-sea firefly squid's ability to produce light energy from chemical energy are located A) in membranes. B) in the nucleus. C) within chloroplasts. D) outside of cells. E) within mitochondria. Answer: A 2) The fluid mosaic model describes the plasma membrane a ...
Signal transduction
Signal transduction occurs when an extracellular signaling molecule activates a specific receptor located on the cell surface or inside the cell. In turn, this receptor triggers a biochemical chain of events inside the cell, creating a response. Depending on the cell, the response alters the cell's metabolism, shape, gene expression, or ability to divide. The signal can be amplified at any step. Thus, one signaling molecule can cause many responses.