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Pre-Test
Pre-Test

... b) animal cells only c) plant cells only d) both plant and animal cells e) animal cells and bacterial cells, but not in plant cells 6. Which of the following functions is not likely to be associated with the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells? (Concept 6.6 ) [Hint] a) the beating of cilia or flagella ...
Chapter 3 Innate Immunity
Chapter 3 Innate Immunity

... Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRR) - Because the molecular sensors recognize particular patterns, such receptors of the host are called pattern recognition receptors (PRR) - The patterns found on pathogens are called pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) - PRRs : soluble: e.g., complement ...
Pre-Test
Pre-Test

... b) animal cells only c) plant cells only d) both plant and animal cells e) animal cells and bacterial cells, but not in plant cells 6. Which of the following functions is not likely to be associated with the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells? (Concept 6.6 ) [Hint] a) the beating of cilia or flagella ...
Chapter 3 Review Questions
Chapter 3 Review Questions

... Can you model it? Objective: Become familiar with the structure and function of the cell membrane. Use modeling clay to construct a 3D model of cell membrane structures. Use color and labels to distinguish key elements (20 pts. – 10 for model and 10 for diagram and questions) Materials: Colored mode ...
7-3 Transport Notes - Brookville Local Schools
7-3 Transport Notes - Brookville Local Schools

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0495116572_102919

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The NUCLEUS (“mayor of city hall”)
The NUCLEUS (“mayor of city hall”)

... There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) – Smooth ER and Rough ER. This extensive network makes up approximately one half of all membranous tissue of the cell and is the site of membrane and protein synthesis. The ER system is much like a road system along which industry can be found. Goods ...
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... 9. Identify what characteristics a substance must have in order to move through the membrane, give 2 examples of these substances. ...
Chapter 4 and 5 Tests
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Eukaryotic Organelles

... • Both types of ER serve as intracellular highway along which molecules move from one part of the cell to the other • RER • Produces phospholipids and proteins ...
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Cell signaling
Cell signaling

... •The intracellular domain is coupled to a heterotrimeric Gprotein •The heterotrimeric g-protein is composed of 3 subunits: G, G, and G •When the G subunit is bound to GDP it is “OFF”; when it is bound to GTP it is “ON” •When the extracellular domain binds to the signal molecule, it causes a conf ...
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cells cells - Springwater River Otters

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Extracellular Matrix of the Animal Cell
Extracellular Matrix of the Animal Cell

... – Are another class of glycoproteins that consists of a small core protein with many carbohydrate chains covalently attached. – Large complexes can form when hundreds of proteoglycans become non-covalently attached to a single long polysaccharide molecule. ...
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Quiz 6

... ____ 1. _________ are barriers to pathogens at body surfaces. 1. Intact skin and mucous membranes 2. tears, saliva, and gastric fluid 3. resident bacteria 4. all are correct ____ 2. _____________ are molecules that lymphocytes recognize as foreign and that elicit an immune response. 1. interleukins ...
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The elements of G protein-coupled receptor systems

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Ch 3 The Cell

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Activation of protein kinase A and protein kinase C via intracellular
Activation of protein kinase A and protein kinase C via intracellular

... Thrombin interaction with its receptor leads to activation of the G protein, Gq, which activates phospholipase C. Functional phospholipase C catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphoinositol-4,5bisphosphate (PIP2), residing in the inner membrane, to form the second messengers inositol1,4,5-trisphosphate ( ...
Chapter 2: Brain Development
Chapter 2: Brain Development

... • Most embryonic cells are pluripotent stem cells • A variety of chemicals signal cells to turn into specialized cells • Ectodermal cells are inhibited by molecules, signalling a development into neural cells and not skin cells • After neural cell determination: ...
Engineering Cellular Microenvironments
Engineering Cellular Microenvironments

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Organelles and specialized structures
Organelles and specialized structures

... a. as discrete, potentially free living organisms, brought together for the common good. b. abstract devices for allowing us to simplify our models of intracellular function. c. as only being important in bacteria because eukaryotic cells have very few or them. d. as a way of compartmentalizing func ...
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Signal transduction



Signal transduction occurs when an extracellular signaling molecule activates a specific receptor located on the cell surface or inside the cell. In turn, this receptor triggers a biochemical chain of events inside the cell, creating a response. Depending on the cell, the response alters the cell's metabolism, shape, gene expression, or ability to divide. The signal can be amplified at any step. Thus, one signaling molecule can cause many responses.
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