Visualizing the actin cytoskeleton in living plant cells using a photo
... filter LP 470). This resulted in rapid loss of green fluorescence (Figure 2D) with a concomitant increase in red fluorescence (Figure 2E, F). It is known that transient expression methods such as the DNA-coated gold-particle bombardment employed by us result in variability between experiments and va ...
... filter LP 470). This resulted in rapid loss of green fluorescence (Figure 2D) with a concomitant increase in red fluorescence (Figure 2E, F). It is known that transient expression methods such as the DNA-coated gold-particle bombardment employed by us result in variability between experiments and va ...
Dependency on Medium and Temperature of Cel Size and
... Demerec, was used in the continuous-culture experiments. Culture media. The media employed and the growth rates they supported are listed in Table 1. Amino acids and sugars were added after separate sterilization. All media were adjusted to pH 7.0. GTowth conditions. The organisms were grown in seve ...
... Demerec, was used in the continuous-culture experiments. Culture media. The media employed and the growth rates they supported are listed in Table 1. Amino acids and sugars were added after separate sterilization. All media were adjusted to pH 7.0. GTowth conditions. The organisms were grown in seve ...
7th Grade Biology Textbook - Pickford Public Schools / Pickford
... cells are called eukaryotes. Animals, plants, fungi, and protists are eukaryotes. All multicellular organisms are eukaryotes. Eukaryotes may also be single-celled. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have structures in common. All cells have a plasma membrane, ribosomes, cytoplasm, and DNA. The pl ...
... cells are called eukaryotes. Animals, plants, fungi, and protists are eukaryotes. All multicellular organisms are eukaryotes. Eukaryotes may also be single-celled. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have structures in common. All cells have a plasma membrane, ribosomes, cytoplasm, and DNA. The pl ...
Meiosis Yarn Activity - Christopher-Bio6
... – If there is no nucleus…identify if the cell is haploid or diploid – If there is one nucleus…identify if the nucleus is haploid or diploid – If there is more than one nucleus…identify if the nucleus is haploid or diploid THEN identify if the cell is haploid or diploid. ...
... – If there is no nucleus…identify if the cell is haploid or diploid – If there is one nucleus…identify if the nucleus is haploid or diploid – If there is more than one nucleus…identify if the nucleus is haploid or diploid THEN identify if the cell is haploid or diploid. ...
PDF
... material Fig. S2A). We could not detect significant differences in Ctnna-Citrine levels or localization in hoxb1b−/− embryos compared with sibling controls at the cell or tissue level in the neural keel (supplementary material Fig. S2A). Moreover, if Hoxb1b has an effect on cell-cell adhesion proper ...
... material Fig. S2A). We could not detect significant differences in Ctnna-Citrine levels or localization in hoxb1b−/− embryos compared with sibling controls at the cell or tissue level in the neural keel (supplementary material Fig. S2A). Moreover, if Hoxb1b has an effect on cell-cell adhesion proper ...
Feeling green: mechanosensing in plants
... and an alkalinization of the culture medium within 2– 10 min [21–23], although the temporal resolution of these measurements could not precisely determine the onset of these ROS and pH changes at a cellular level. Intriguingly, similar changes have been observed in tip-growing cells such as pollen t ...
... and an alkalinization of the culture medium within 2– 10 min [21–23], although the temporal resolution of these measurements could not precisely determine the onset of these ROS and pH changes at a cellular level. Intriguingly, similar changes have been observed in tip-growing cells such as pollen t ...
In yeast, the pseudohyphal phenotype induced by isoamyl alcohol
... that operating during nitrogen-limited growth because it has a distinct set of genetic requirements. For example, butanolinduced pseudohyphal formation is dependent on SWE1 (La Valle and Wittenberg, 2001) but is independent of genes such as FLO8 and FLO11 that are required for pseudohyphal induction ...
... that operating during nitrogen-limited growth because it has a distinct set of genetic requirements. For example, butanolinduced pseudohyphal formation is dependent on SWE1 (La Valle and Wittenberg, 2001) but is independent of genes such as FLO8 and FLO11 that are required for pseudohyphal induction ...
0 - Microbiology
... Demerec, was used in the continuous-culture experiments. Culture media. The media employed and the growth rates they supported are listed in Table 1. Amino acids and sugars were added after separate sterilization. All media were adjusted to pH 7.0. GTowth conditions. The organisms were grown in seve ...
... Demerec, was used in the continuous-culture experiments. Culture media. The media employed and the growth rates they supported are listed in Table 1. Amino acids and sugars were added after separate sterilization. All media were adjusted to pH 7.0. GTowth conditions. The organisms were grown in seve ...
The Cell Membrane
... The physical properties of phospholipids account for membrane assembly and many of its properties. Small molecules and larger hydrophobic molecules move through. ...
... The physical properties of phospholipids account for membrane assembly and many of its properties. Small molecules and larger hydrophobic molecules move through. ...
CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION CHAPTER3
... contains the same DNA, but, in each cell type, certain genes are turned on and certain others are turned off. Activated DNA, with RNA acting as an intermediary, specifies the sequence of amino acids when a protein is synthesized. The proteins of a cell determine its structure and the functions it can ...
... contains the same DNA, but, in each cell type, certain genes are turned on and certain others are turned off. Activated DNA, with RNA acting as an intermediary, specifies the sequence of amino acids when a protein is synthesized. The proteins of a cell determine its structure and the functions it can ...
Synapse and acetylcholine receptor synthesis by
... of synapses described above and had no obvious effect upon the abundance of synapses or their morphology. These results suggest that activation of nicotinic ACh receptors by acetylcholine is not required for the formation of at least three kinds of synapses. Photomicrographs of stationary monolayer ...
... of synapses described above and had no obvious effect upon the abundance of synapses or their morphology. These results suggest that activation of nicotinic ACh receptors by acetylcholine is not required for the formation of at least three kinds of synapses. Photomicrographs of stationary monolayer ...
4. A Tour of the Cell
... within a cell • Lysosomes are sacs of enzymes that form from the Golgi apparatus – Function in digestion within a cell – Destroy bacteria that have been ingested into white blood cells ...
... within a cell • Lysosomes are sacs of enzymes that form from the Golgi apparatus – Function in digestion within a cell – Destroy bacteria that have been ingested into white blood cells ...
ID helix-loop-helix proteins - Journal of Cell Science
... implicated ID4, which has been less well studied than its relatives, in the ‘molecular clock’ mechanism controlling the timing of oligodendrocyte differentiation. The above studies clearly illustrate the complex role played by ID proteins in mammalian cell fate determination. Numerous reports show t ...
... implicated ID4, which has been less well studied than its relatives, in the ‘molecular clock’ mechanism controlling the timing of oligodendrocyte differentiation. The above studies clearly illustrate the complex role played by ID proteins in mammalian cell fate determination. Numerous reports show t ...
Regulation of germ line stem cell homeostasis
... HMG box 9 (SOX9) are co-expressed with CYP26B1 in fetal Sertoli cells, and exogenous expression of SOX9 or SF1 increases Cyp26b1 mRNA levels (Kashimada et al., 2011). Conversely, in embryonic gonads deficient in Sox9 or Sf1, Cyp26b1 expression is decreased relative to wild-type controls (Kashimada e ...
... HMG box 9 (SOX9) are co-expressed with CYP26B1 in fetal Sertoli cells, and exogenous expression of SOX9 or SF1 increases Cyp26b1 mRNA levels (Kashimada et al., 2011). Conversely, in embryonic gonads deficient in Sox9 or Sf1, Cyp26b1 expression is decreased relative to wild-type controls (Kashimada e ...
The Arabidopsis Callose Synthase Gene GSL8 Is
... functions in callose deposition after injury and pathogen treatment is GSL5 (Jacobs et al., 2003). Five other members of the Arabidopsis GSL family are required for microgametogenesis. GSL1 and GSL5 act redundantly to produce a callosic wall that prevents microspore degeneration, and both are needed ...
... functions in callose deposition after injury and pathogen treatment is GSL5 (Jacobs et al., 2003). Five other members of the Arabidopsis GSL family are required for microgametogenesis. GSL1 and GSL5 act redundantly to produce a callosic wall that prevents microspore degeneration, and both are needed ...
Microautophagy and macropexophagy may occur
... presence of glucose (Fig. 2A). Organelle degradation, demonstrated by the accumulation of peroxisomal AO into vacuoles by immunocytochemistry, was evident already after 30 min of incubation (Fig. 2F). Additionally, exposure of cells to nitrogen-limiting conditions showed the expected morphology of o ...
... presence of glucose (Fig. 2A). Organelle degradation, demonstrated by the accumulation of peroxisomal AO into vacuoles by immunocytochemistry, was evident already after 30 min of incubation (Fig. 2F). Additionally, exposure of cells to nitrogen-limiting conditions showed the expected morphology of o ...
Membrane Trafficking During Plant Cytokinesis
... the PM-ATPase (37). Consistent with this, adl1A mutants display cell-type specific defects in the polarized growth and endocytosis (Kang and Bednarek, unpublished). These results suggest that during cytokinesis ADL1A may function in the formation of cell-plate transport vesicles and in the recycling ...
... the PM-ATPase (37). Consistent with this, adl1A mutants display cell-type specific defects in the polarized growth and endocytosis (Kang and Bednarek, unpublished). These results suggest that during cytokinesis ADL1A may function in the formation of cell-plate transport vesicles and in the recycling ...
B Cell Tolerance in Health and Disease
... BAFF is a soluble type II transmembrane protein that promotes key biological functions including peripheral B-cell survival and homeostasis [28]. In addition to promoting B-cell survival, BAFF also regulates expression of CD21/35 on the surface of B cells [27,29]. BAFF deficiency results in a reduct ...
... BAFF is a soluble type II transmembrane protein that promotes key biological functions including peripheral B-cell survival and homeostasis [28]. In addition to promoting B-cell survival, BAFF also regulates expression of CD21/35 on the surface of B cells [27,29]. BAFF deficiency results in a reduct ...
Murdock, J. N., W. K. Dodds and D. l. Wetzel. 2008. Subcellular
... Algae respond rapidly and uniquely to changes in nutrient availability by adjusting pigment, storage product, and organelle content and quality. Cellular and subcellular variability of the relative abundance of macromolecular pools (e.g. protein, lipid, carbohydrate, and phosphodiesters) within the ...
... Algae respond rapidly and uniquely to changes in nutrient availability by adjusting pigment, storage product, and organelle content and quality. Cellular and subcellular variability of the relative abundance of macromolecular pools (e.g. protein, lipid, carbohydrate, and phosphodiesters) within the ...
PDF - Eleanor Maine Research Lab
... mitotic cell division and maintenance of stem cell fate. Different stem cell types display distinct patterns of self-renewal and differentiation. For example, hematopoetic stem cells divide infrequently compared with ES cells (Orford and Scadden, 2008). Different modes of stem cell proliferation may ...
... mitotic cell division and maintenance of stem cell fate. Different stem cell types display distinct patterns of self-renewal and differentiation. For example, hematopoetic stem cells divide infrequently compared with ES cells (Orford and Scadden, 2008). Different modes of stem cell proliferation may ...
Cell cycle
The cell cycle or cell-division cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication (replication) that produces two daughter cells. In prokaryotes which lack a cell nucleus, the cell cycle occurs via a process termed binary fission. In cells with a nucleus, as in eukaryotes, the cell cycle can be divided into three periods: interphase, the mitotic (M) phase, and cytokinesis. During interphase, the cell grows, accumulating nutrients needed for mitosis, preparing it for cell division and duplicating its DNA. During the mitotic phase, the cell splits itself into two distinct daughter cells. During the final stage, cytokinesis, the new cell is completely divided. To ensure the proper division of the cell, there are control mechanisms known as cell cycle checkpoints.The cell-division cycle is a vital process by which a single-celled fertilized egg develops into a mature organism, as well as the process by which hair, skin, blood cells, and some internal organs are renewed. After cell division, each of the daughter cells begin the interphase of a new cycle. Although the various stages of interphase are not usually morphologically distinguishable, each phase of the cell cycle has a distinct set of specialized biochemical processes that prepare the cell for initiation of cell division.