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SRC1: an intron-containing yeast gene involved in sister chromatid segregation Research Article
SRC1: an intron-containing yeast gene involved in sister chromatid segregation Research Article

... deletions were carried out in the isogenic strains BY4741, BY4742 or in the strain W303-1A. The disruption cassettes for PCR-mediated deletion were amplified from the pRS400 series (Brachmann et al., 1998). The S. cerevisiae strains were routinely grown on YPD (1% yeast extract, 2% peptone and 2% gl ...
Full Text
Full Text

... to suppress feed intake, introduced the concept of the adipocyte as an endocrine organ. A number of other endocrine substances are produced by the adipocyte (e.g., resistin, adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor-α, adenosine). The physiological function of many of these adipocyte-produced signals is ye ...
Cell Wall Architecture Prerequisite for the Cell
Cell Wall Architecture Prerequisite for the Cell

... when suspended in medium containing 0.4 or 0.5 M mannitol. By contrast, 10, 20 and 30 day-old cells did not show bursting when suspended in the same medium. The number of non-burst cells slightly increased at 10, 20 and 30 d upon suspension in medium containing 0.3 M or no mannitol. We separated div ...
cell behaviour during active cell rearrangement: evidence and
cell behaviour during active cell rearrangement: evidence and

... retraction of their margins, first along one axis and then another (Fig . 2) . The area, the length/width ratio and the perimeter of contact with adjacent cells change as each cell undergoes these repetitive extensions and retractions of its margins. Deep cells are intimately connected to one anothe ...
Glucocorticoids Increase Amylase mRNA Levels, Secretory
Glucocorticoids Increase Amylase mRNA Levels, Secretory

... cells were further evaluated only if >90% of their cross-section was available in LOGSDON I:T AL Glucocorticoids Regulate PancreaticAR42JCells ...
growth polarity and cytokinesis in fission yeast: the role of the
growth polarity and cytokinesis in fission yeast: the role of the

... actin staining is seen at the growing old end although a few dots are also seen at the new end (Fig. 3B). Correspondingly, although Calcofluor staining indicates that growth is predominantly at the old end, a small amount of cell wall deposition at the new end is also detectable (Fig. 3A). None of t ...
Sticking the Landing: Probing the Roles of LORELEI
Sticking the Landing: Probing the Roles of LORELEI

... LRE localizes to both the FA and synergid cytoplasm, as shown using LRE fused to citrine yellow fluorescent protein (LRE-cYFP; see figure). Transformation with an LREcYFP construct restored seed set in lre mutants to wild-type levels and rescued transmission of the lre mutation through the female ga ...
Serial dilution and plate counts
Serial dilution and plate counts

... To calculate the bacterial density in the original suspension follow this calculation: In this example let’s assume that you had 32 colonies on a plate obtained by plating 100µl of a 1x10-6 dilution of the original suspension. First, determine the correction factor to adjust the volume plated on eac ...
3 Chapter 3
3 Chapter 3

... cellular respiration. • Cellular respiration uses oxygen (O2) to harvest energy from molecules of sugar. • The harvested energy is stored as chemical energy in molecules of ATP, which can then be used to power many other cellular processes. ...
Cells as Tensegrity Structures: Architectural Basis of the Cytoskeleton
Cells as Tensegrity Structures: Architectural Basis of the Cytoskeleton

... features of both continuum mechanics and discrete network modeling approaches, and allows developing a model of a complex structure without having to relay on a detailed description of microstructural geometry or boundary conditions. The key premise of the affine approximation is that microstructura ...
III. PRIMARY PLANT BODY Bot 404—Fall 2004 A. Primary vs
III. PRIMARY PLANT BODY Bot 404—Fall 2004 A. Primary vs

... -meristematic region includes a meristem and an area of relatively rapid cell division and growth -meristem is a cell or group of cells whose principal function is to divide in an organized manner -plants have an open or indeterminate pattern of growth -functions of meristems: 1) establish patterns ...
Antivascular Actions of Microtubule
Antivascular Actions of Microtubule

... vessel into the surrounding extracellular matrix, the proliferation of the endothelial cells, and the organization and morphogenesis of the cells into tube-like structures (47). Aspects of these processes can be studied in tissue culture; thus, when plated on extracellular matrix, endothelial cells ...
Lecture 7 - Biology of Cancer
Lecture 7 - Biology of Cancer

... Cells belonging to different histological categories (melanomas, carcinomas, etc.) are shown to be characterized by distinct values of D which are related to the clinical radiosensitivity of tumors from these categories. Compared to other ways of representing in vitro radiosensitivity, e.g., by the ...
Abstract Infection of plants by Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus (ZYMV
Abstract Infection of plants by Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus (ZYMV

... 2005 and Zechmann and Zellnig, 2009). CIs are typical ultrastructural features of viruses from the family Potyviridae and are formed by the potyviral CI protein. This protein is involved in cell to cell movement of the virus ( Carrington et al., 1998, Roberts et al., 1998, Wei et al., 2010 and Lecoq ...
MHC
MHC

... bacteria, allergen) bind to class II MHC molecules ...
4327
4327

... To examine the intracellular trafficking of caveolin-1, we fused the C-terminal end of wild-type caveolin-1 to green fluorescence protein (GFP) and established a stable cell line expressing this protein. Several criteria were used to establish that this chimeric protein behaved like endogenous caveo ...
Hoverboards, fires and residential battery storage
Hoverboards, fires and residential battery storage

... hoverboards is by far the battery, and therefore this component is the natural target for cost-cutting measures. As the demand for lithium ion batteries has grown, new factories are now producing alternatives to the leading market brands, e.g. Panasonic and Samsung. Any charging or discharging incon ...
The Differentiation of Contact Cells and Isolation
The Differentiation of Contact Cells and Isolation

... the possibility that isolation cells had not yet begun to form the isotropic layer in the present study because our specimens were collected in July. Chafe (1974) reported that deposition of the protective layer began after completion of the deposition of the cellulosic secondary wall. However, the ...
The Sinorhizobium meliloti sensor histidine kinase
The Sinorhizobium meliloti sensor histidine kinase

Movement Through The cell New Notes
Movement Through The cell New Notes

... 1. The membrane encloses the cell & keeps it _______ inside. 2. Molecules are always on the ______. 3. Molecules move _____ a concentration gradient. 4. Is energy added during passive transport? 5. When the solution is low, the cell will ________. ...
Cells Review
Cells Review

... Golgi Apparatus Vacuole ...
The bacterial Cell Wall
The bacterial Cell Wall

...  Dif ferences between Gram (+) and Gram ( -) Bacteria:  Structural and functional differences between Gram -positive and Gram-negative cell walls can be used for identification and treatment of bacterial infections. ...
Chapter 4: Tissues and Membranes Theory Lecture Outline
Chapter 4: Tissues and Membranes Theory Lecture Outline

... 2. Define the function and location of tissues 3. Define the function and location of membranes 4. Define an organ and organ system 5. Relate various organs to their respective systems 6. Describe the processes involved in the two types of tissue repair 7. Describe the process of granulation 8. Defi ...
PLANT ORGANS: THE LEAF 24 APRIL 2013 Key Concepts
PLANT ORGANS: THE LEAF 24 APRIL 2013 Key Concepts

... The lamina is large – providing a large surface area to absorb as much sunlight as possible. Thin lamina – allows gases to move in and out easily by diffusion. Cuticle is impermeable to water and transparent - prevents the loss of water and allows sunlight through to the palisade mesophyll cells. Ep ...
Time of origin and distribution of a new cell type in the rat cerebellar
Time of origin and distribution of a new cell type in the rat cerebellar

... Most of the cells of the cerebellar cortex have been known for over a century (Palay and Chan-Palay, 1974) and it is surprising to discover a new cell type after so many years. Perhaps the poor stainability of these cells, partial resemblance to astrocytes, and restricted distribution may be some of ...
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Cell culture



Cell culture is the process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside of their natural environment. In practice, the term ""cell culture"" now refers to the culturing of cells derived from multicellular eukaryotes, especially animal cells, in contrast with other types of culture that also grow cells, such as plant tissue culture, fungal culture, and microbiological culture (of microbes). The historical development and methods of cell culture are closely interrelated to those of tissue culture and organ culture. Viral culture is also related, with cells as hosts for the viruses. The laboratory technique of maintaining live cell lines (a population of cells descended from a single cell and containing the same genetic makeup) separated from their original tissue source became more robust in the middle 20th century.
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